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664

Suicides in France,

78

Sulphuric ether, Ellsworth on the
discovery of the effects of,

Sulphuric ether, inhalation of,
Sulphuric ether in surgical opera-
tions, Dr. Bryan on,

243

254

699

51

290

331

Ship fever at Bellevue Hospital,

615

Sulphuric acid, arsenic in,

394

Shoulder, dislocation of,

49

Sulphate of quinia, note on the ex-

Sickness at Algiers,

78

Side, pain in the,

254

Sick and disabled seamen,

258

Simpson's principles and treatment

of placental presentations,

517

Society, Massachusetts medical,
blessings and benefits of, by a
member,

52

693

Society, Massachusetts medical,
South-western Medical Advocate,
edited by Dr. Cross, bib. notice of, 531
Spontaneous amputation in a new
born child,

Springs, Grayson, Yandell's notice
of,

Southee on the internal use of the
nitrate of silver,

455

205

700

Small pox, influence of vaccination
in diminishing the mortality from, 142
Small pox,

Small pox and typhoid fever, M.

Serres on,

Spina bifida, two cases of,

hibition of, by Dr. Donovan, 583
Sulphate of quinine in aneurism of
the aorta,

644

147

Surgery and medicine, free trade in, 140
Swift on wounds from fire arms,
without ball,
Swift, Dr., note from,
Sydenham

Society's works-the
works of William Hewson, F. R.
S., edited with an introduction
and notes, by G. Gulliver, F. R. S.,
bib. notice of,
Sydenham Society's works-on the
injuries and diseases of bones,
&c., by Dr. F. Le Gros Clark,
M. D., bib. notice of,
Sydenham Society,
Sydenham Society-works of Wm.
Harvey, M. D., &c., translated
from the Latin, with a life of the
author, by R. Willis, M. D., &c.,
bib. notice of,

220

149

345

458

265

701

67

460
Synovial cavities, on the origin of

633

317

solid bodies in, by Dr. Bidder, 583
Synchisis, pathology of,
Syrup of hydrocyanic acid,

710

578

Spinal cord, functions of,
Spotted child,

Spontaneous dislocations of the knee, 637
Strangulated umbilical hernia, re-
marks on, by A. J. Wedderburn,
M. D.,

Strangulated femoral hernia, case of,

129

Syphilis, relative value of different
medicines ordinarily employed in, 578
Syphilis, preservative against,

635

successfully treated by opium, by
C. Mayo, Esq.,
Strangulation, internal, operation of
gastrotomy for the relief of, 254
Strangulation, internal, of an intes-
tine,

649

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648

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Starvation, death from,

376

635

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Statistics of suicides in Paris
Strychnine, on the nature of, tetanus
caused by, Prof. Herman on, 580
Strictures of the urethra, Dr. Bryan

on,

737

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231

Transylvania university,
Traumatic tetanus, case of, success-
fully treated by O. H. Costill, M.
D.,
Traumatic tetanus, administration of
ether in a case of, by Dr. Brough-
ton,
Treatment of bursal disease of the
knee-joint, by J. Richard, M. D.,
Treatise, practical, on inflammation,
ulceration and induration of the
neck of the uterus, &c., by J. H.
Bennett, M. D., bib. notice of,
Treatment of hydrocele,

Treatment of cancer,

Treatment of young permanent teeth

that require plugging, by Dr.
Flagg,

Tumour, extirpation of, from the
antrum maxillare, with removal
of the superior maxiliary bone,
including the palate plate, by C.
Aston Key, M. D., &c.,
Tumour of the mamma, spontane-
ously cured, reported by A. B.
Greene, M. D.,

Tumour fungus of the bone, by Prof.
Roux,

274

450

68

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101

266

Vaccination, influence of, in dimin-
ishing the mortality from small

637

142

665

69

pox,
Vaccination, report on the protec-
tive powers of,

39

Vade Mecum, the medical students,
by Dr. Mendenhall, bib. notice of, 407
Vagina, complete closure of the,
with subsequent conception and
safe delivery, by R. P. Simmons,
M. D.,
Vagina, prolapsus of, laceration of
the unimpregnated uterus, and
protrusion of the uterus,
Vagina, bifid,

117

189

Vagina, obliteration of,

499

243

Tumour, ovarian, cases of,
Tumour, tubercular, of the vertebræ
opening into the esophagus, 643
Typhoid fever, considerations on the
treatment of, by M. Gendrin,
Typhoid fever, history of, as it pre-
vailed in Geneva, New York, in
the fall and winter of 1816-7, by
G. C. Hay, M. D.,

Typhoid fever, M. Serres on mercu-
rial treatment in,

Typhoid fever and small pox, M.

370

Van Valzah's cases of presentation
of face to sacrum,

Varices, on the radical cure of, dedu-
ced from the proximate cause, by
Dr. T. Rima,
Variola and scarlatina, observations
on the co-existence of, with re-
marks on the co-existence of other
eruptive fevers, by J. F. Marson,

surgeon,

Variations in the quantity of fatty
matter in the human lungs-rela-
tions to jurisprudence,

Velpeau's new elements of operative
surgery, bib. notice of,

79

200

434

434

14

666

585

647

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712

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285

University of Pennsylvania,

412 Vesico-vaginal fistula, Prof. Pan-

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213

matic fever, treated in 1816,
Upshur's case of retention of urine,

a sequel of scarlatina, successfully
treated with strychnia,

587

13

Upshur's case of retention of a dead
ovum in utero for six months,
without putrefaction,
Urinometer, Ruschenberger on,
Ure, Dr., on porous rarefaction of
the bone, consequent upon gout, 575
Urine, retention of, a sequel of scar-
latina, Upshur's case of,
Urine, albuminous, productions of,
by cantharides,

Use of the salivary secretion, by M.
Bernard,

621

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213

20

576

Von Behr's handbuch of human ana-
tomy, bib. notice of,

34

647

293

Uteri, cervix, on the constitution and
functions of the, by M. Negrier, 201

Warren, Prof., resignation of,
Washington, Dr., obituary notice of, 612
Water vs. hydropathy, or an essay

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THE

MEDICAL EXAMINER

AND

RECORD OF MEDICAL SCIENCE.

NEW SERIES.-No. XXV.-JANUARY, 1847.

ORIGINAL COMMUNICATIONS.

Remarks on the Urinometer. By W. S. W. RUSCHENBERGER, M. D., U. S. N.

U.S. NAVAL HOSPITAL,

New York, December 5th, 1846.

MY DEAR SIR,-Those members of the profession who may be engaged in investigating the changes induced in the constitution of urine by disease, may be led into error by using a gravimeter or urinometer, manufactured in Philadelphia, and known as Prout's, for ascertaining the specific gravity of the fluid. The instrument to which I allude consists of a copper ball, surmounted by a graduated stem of box-wood, balanced below by a brass wire and pea. The point at which the stem floats in distilled water is marked at zero, and the point at which it stands in a saturated solution of common salt, forms the opposite extremity of the scale, the interval being divided into sixty degrees.

If placed gently in a fluid under examination it will stand, say for illustration at 30°, but immerse the instrumeut entirely, so as to completely wet the stem, it will rise and fall, and become quiescent at 20°. I have repeated the experiment very frequently with the same result, in the same fluid, after wiping the stem dry, and in different fluids. I have also compared the specific gravity of fluids ascertained by this gravimeter, with the specific gravity of the same fluids ascertained by an accurately made specific gravity bottle, and found the result different in every instance, and without any corresponding ratio of difference.

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Supposing it possible that the error might be confined to the particular instrument in my possession, I submitted it to the manufacturer for adjustment, and took the opportunity to compare it with four other instruments then on sale in his shop. We found that no two of the five instruments corresponded in their respective indications of specific gravity; and further, that every instrument varied from 6 to 10 degrees in its indication of specific gravity, according as it was gently permitted to subside into the fluid, or entirely immersed so as to wet the whole stem or scale. The price of the instrument with the case is seven dollars; its value for practical purposes is not a cent. The indications by it are too uncertain and too irregular to be even proximative to accuracy.

This instrument was exhibited at the fair of the Franklin Institute in 1845, but whether it received approval or not I do not remember. The objections to it might possibly be removed, if, instead of box-wood, metal were used for the gratuated scale or stem of the instrument.

The hydrometers of Beaumé and Gay Lussac are almost equally fallacious. After very numerous experiments the conclusion arrived at is, that the only true way of arriving at the specific gravity of urine or other fluid, is by means of the thousand-grain bottle and counterpoise.

If you consider the above information of any interest, it may be worth a place in the "Medical Examiner."

Very respectfully,

PROFESSOR R. M. HUSTON, Philadelphia.

W. S. W. RUSCHENBERGER.

Three cases of presentation of the Face to the Sacrum, successfully treated without turning. By T. VAN VAlzah, M.D., of Mifflinburg, Pennsylvania.

Mrs. Shively, on the 12th day of February, 1828, sent for me in great haste, on account of a very profuse hemorrhage. When I entered the room, I found her lying on her back near the bedside. With as little delay as possible I made an examination, and found the face low in the hollow of the sacrum. Under these unfavourable circumstances, according to the directions of Dr. Dewees, I determined on turning and delivering by the feet. So without changing her position, I directed an assistant to support her left knee, and supporting the right one myself, I introduced my right hand into the vagina, and placing two fingers on each side of the nose, having the forehead in the hol

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