A REVIEW OF PROGRESS

BY

A. G. SEDGWICK, SIR J. G. BOURINOT, A. CARNEGIE
C. C. NOTT, H. WHITE, LESLIE STEPHEN, O. LODGE
EDMUND GOSSE, SIMON NEWCOMB

W. E. GRIFFIS, LOUIS HEILPRIN

ANDREW LANG

AND OTHERS

LIBRARY

OF THE

UNIVERSITY

OF

CALIFORNIA

G. P. PUTNAM'S SONS

24 BEDFORD STREET, STRAND 27 & 29 WEST 23RD STREET

CONTENTS

1.-LAW AND GOVERNMENT.

PAGE

THE IMMUTABILITY OF THE CONSTITUTION

3

By CHARLES C. NOTT, Chief Justice of the United States

Court of Claims.

PROGRESS OF INTERNATIONAL LAW IN THE CENTURY

IS

By JOHN BASSETT MOORE, Professor of International Law
and Diplomacy in Columbia University.

II.-HISTORY.

ENGLISH POLITICAL Development in the Century

35

By ARTHUR G. SEDGWICK.

GERMANY IN THE NINETEENTH CENTURY

By MUNROE SMITH, Professor of Comparative Jurispru-

dence in Columbia University.

47

THE EXPANSION OF RUSSIA IN THE NINETEENTH CENTURY

By A. C. COOLIDGE, Professor of Medieval History in

Harvard University.

63.

CANADA IN THE NINETEENTH CENTURY.

76

By SIR JOHN G. BOURINOT, Clerk of the Canadian House

of Commons.

GEOGRAPHICAL CONQUESTS OF THE NINETEENTH CENTURY

By LOUIS HEILPRIN.

THE GOLD STANDARD AND GOLD PRODUCTION IN THE NINE-

TEENTH CENTURY

130

By HORACE WHITE.

DEVELOPMENT OF STEEL MANUFACTURE IN THE UNITED

STATES

By ANDREW CARNEGIE.

145

LIBRARY DEVELOPMENT.

By CHARLES A. CUTTER, Librarian of the Forbes Library,

Northampton, Mass.

THE PHENOMENON OF AMERICAN LIFE ASSURANCE

By JAMES W. ALEXANDER.

PAGE

155

171

CHANGES IN THE LEGAL AND POLITICAL STATUS OF WOMAN. 179

By JULIA WARD HOWE,

WOMEN IN THE INDUSTRIES AND PROFESSIONS

191

By CAROLINE C. CATT, President of the National Amer-

ican Woman Suffrage Association.

IV.-LITERATURE AND THE FINE ARTS.

AMERICAN LITERATURE IN THE NINETEENTH CENTURY.

205

By W. G. TRENT, Professor of American Literature in

Columbia University.

By ALICE FREEMAN PALMER, Ex-President of Wellesley

College.

THE PROGRESs of Medicine IN THE NINETEENTH CENTURY. 336

By J. S. BILLINGS, Director of the New York Public

Library.

SCOPE AND TENDENCIES OF PHYSICS

348

By OLIVER LODGE, Professor of Physics in Birmingham

University, England.

By JOHN NICOL, PH. D., Editor of the American

By EUGENE T. CHAMBERLAIN, U. S. Commissioner of

Navigation.

RAILROAD ECONOMY IN THE NINETEENTH CENTURY

443

By ARTHUR T. HADLEY, President of Yale University.

EQUIPMENT, ORGANISATION, AND OPERATION OF RAILROADS.

By J. W. MIDGELEY, Late Chairman of the Western

Freight Association.

454

VIII. THE SCIENCE OF WAR.

DEVELOPMENT OF THE NAVY.

By EDGAR S. MACLAY.

CHANGES IN MILITARY SCIENCE

By C. DEW. WILLCOX, Captain U. S. A., Instructor at

West Point.

409

481