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That still awaken'd, as the seasons roll'd, -
The social passion, so esteem'd of old!
Alas! where'er we turn our aching eyes,
That social passion languishes and dies;
Though once it kindled up the Baron's hall,
And warm'd with equal rays the mud-built wall
While floats no more the voice of castled mirth,
And scarce a cricket cheers the cottage hearth;
Each little neighbourhood may, perhaps, afford
Some grave historian of its ancient lord-
Somé hoáry peasant, once a pamper'd groom,
Who tells, with rueful air, the mansion's doom;
Some gamekeeper, who now with drooping mien,
Eyes his bare plush, alas! no longer green!
And, as each feature various griefs distort,
Regrets the sad cessation of the sport,
While boys with fearless shouts around him ran,
And at mid-day the poacher vaunts his
Perhaps some vicar, who, half-craz'd with care,
Recounts the ruin of a thriftless heir,
Pointing with signs, that grief and pity mark,
To his old patron's pale dismantled park,
Fell'd trees, where whispering airs no longer play,
And dismal windows that exclude the day;
Where drest in gaudy garb was Christmas hoar,
Midst festal pleasures to return no more;
Unless such hospitable cheer he sce
In fond idea- -with the Muse and me!~

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"In the gay circle of convivial cheer,
Blithe Christmas came, with chaplets never sear.
How beam'd delight, in every eye, unblam'd,
When at that hallow'd eve for carols fam'd-
When brightly blaz'd the sap-besprinkled ash,
And glistening holly danc'd with many a flash!
“But chief, around his table, Twelfth-day drew
The neighbours of the knight, a social few.
Nor sooner, as its chill and transient close,
Had evening ting'd a weary waste of snows,
Than from the great plum-cake, whose charms
entice

Each melting mouth, was dealt the luscious slice;
As all the painted tapers in array
Flung round the jovial room a mimic day,
To wake to wonted sports the fancy wild,
Where, e'en the grey-beard re-assum'd the child.
Yes! all-the gay, the serious, prompt to share

JOURNEY TO MOUNT ETNA.

(Continued.)

delightful grotto, and what I ever dreamed of I now possess !"

At midnight we indeed set out, but the In the afternoon, about three o'clock, we impenetrable blackness of the sky, and the arrived at Nicolosi, refreshed ourselves raging storm, deprived us of all hope of a first with a good repast, and drank our happy result, which did not a little afflict Catanian landlord's health, and afterwards us. After three wearisome hours, during by a sound sleep. When we awoke, about which, shaken by the penetrating cold, we 9 in the evening, the sky above us was mag- had clambered in the dark over the lavanificently clear. Our resolution was soon beds, we again reached the Grotto del Castaken, the mules were saddled,-we gave telluccio, got directly from our mules, and our sick companion to the care of DonMario, crept into the back part of the cavern. A and joyfully rode, for the second time, to-good breakfast soon revived our spirits, wards the smoking cone. The night was and as we hoped that when the sun gained wonderfully beautiful: we saw the smoke strength, the fog would disappear, we laid rise quite perpendicularly out of the crater ourselves down on the ground, and slept in the deep blue of the nocturnal sky, and very soundly for several hours, without any therefore confidently anticipated success in fire, which cannot be made in the snowy our undertaking. The truly golden cres- region for want of materials. Though it cent of the moon swam in the pure ether, was already 10 o'clock A. M. and the and illumed the sea far and wide. Our thick fog did not disperse, yet we could sang, the males climbed like goats securely without attaining our object, or, at least, hearts palpitated with joy; we shouted and not resolve to return for a second time over the lava rocks, and we soon arrived without having used every effort to effect in the interior of the woody region. The it. The guide fearing to lose his way in immense lava-stratum of 1769 lay on one the fog, was not much inclined to the jourside of us, frightful, like a petrified ocean, ney to the cone; but, as the wind abated whose waves still seem to rage. a little, we persuaded him to consent. We left the sumpter horses at the cavern, and advanced straight forward on foot through the immense ocean of sand, the dense fog, and the flying clouds, but not without great difficulty. We waded up to the ancles in ashes, the clouds wetted our heavy mantles, but the cold froze them again iminediately, so that we were covered over with a white crust, like Greenland bears, and could scarcely bear the weight of our clothes. After a most fatiguing march of two hours, the sight of Gemmellaro's house was as invigorating to us as the Kaaba at Mekka to the Turkish pilgrim; but, unluckily the door was broken down, we supposed, by travellers who had ascended from Bronte; and accordingly the whole building was full of snow and ice; so that wé, who were wetted to the skin with the perspiration and fog, feared that we should freeze to death without fire in this ice cellar. Under these circumstances, it was doubtful whether we should have strength enough to ascend the double summit, and whether the guide would be able to find his way in this rude weather; and, even if we did succeed in ascending it, whether we should be rewarded for our trouble. As we, however, thought, like Ulysses, when he believed that he should never more see his native country, that we would be satisfied, with only seeing the smoke rising, we determined to go still further. We therefore now proceeded over fields of snow, above which now and then appeared huge black rocks of lava, so that the whole place resembled a churchyard; but we had scarcely advanced for about a quarter of an hour, when the wind and storm increased in the same proportion as our strength diminished, and we were obliged to resolve, however vexatious it was now to us, being so near the crater, to give up, for the second time, our intention of as

We had not arrived at the end of the oak forest when there arose a cutting wind, which soon became a furious storm, and so benumbed us, that without the cloaks and hoods which Gemmellaro's kindness had supplied, we should have been half frozen. It now seemed impossible, from the sudden change of the temperature, to ride to the summit without having first warmed ourselves. We were, therefore, very glad when we reached, at the end of the woody region, the Goat's Cavern, by some called, "The Grotto of the English," where poor Brydone was disappointed of his Etna journey by a severe fall, and a sprain of his foot, which obliged him to bivouack: the more we must admire his fancy, which enabled him to speak with such rapture of the prospect from the double summit of the highest crater, without having ever as cended it. A bright fire soon burned up in this dark lava-cavern, which was a great comfort to our chilled limbs; for we had here 3o of cold, and in Catania 27o of heat. In spite of all the inconvenience, this night is perhaps the most remarkable in our pilgrimage. Sometimes the moon peeped from behind the black clouds, and shewed us the sea at an immeasurable depth below us;—we beheld, full of astonishment, in dark outlines, the immense masses of clouds, which the wind furiously seized, as it were, and hurled into the sea ;-sometimes the column of smoke from the crater rose far above us in the sky ;-our cavern was involved in the deepest shade, and before us the faithful mules stood with their heads bowed down. We lay stretched round about the fire, and here, under the shelter of the once fluid stream, we felt ourselves inexpressibly comfortable, and iy.from the bottom of our hearts exclaimed, with the shepherd of Theocritus, "O! Etna, my mother, I inhabit in the hollow rocks a

The merry pastime, cried-Avaunt to care!
All-while each slip a forfeit would incur,
(A slip that hardly left a lasting slur!)
With the same ardour as when childhood dawns,
Survey'd the accumulating store of pawns;
And all enjoy'd, with eyes that rapture beam'd,
The frolic penance that each pawn redeem'd—
Perhaps, self-doom'd to ply the gipsy's trade,
Or thro' the gridiron kiss the kitchen maid,
Or, by a gentle metaphoric trick,
With cleaner lips salute the candlestick,
Or catch the elusive apple with a bound
As with its taper it flew whizzing round,
Or, with the mouth half-diving to the neck,
"The splendid shilling' in a meal-tub seek,
Or, into wildness as the spirits work,
Display & visage blacken'd o'er with cork,
Meantime, the geese-dance gains upon the sight,
In all the pride of mimic splendour bright;
As urchin bands affect the pageant show,
In tinsel glitter, and in ribbons glow;
And pigmy kings with carnage stain their path,
Shake their cock-plumes, and lift their swords of
fath;

[plain,
And great St. George struts, valorous, o'er the
And boasts the trophies of the dragon slain,
And little dames their favouring smiles bestow;
And father Christmas' bows his head of snow!?!

See Polwhele's Poems, (five vols.) vol.
pp. 97-121. New edition.

* Which answers to the morris-dance.

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cending the summit. We now turned back, I were made, in a falling line to Tacche di Co- that country, we have procured, as far and paced with angry steps over the lava riazzo, ten openings in succession, by the as possible, a detailed account of its profields to the Grotto del Castelluccio, where force of the air, highly rarified by the inter-ceedings. But it will afford the public we had left our mules. Rude as the weather nal fire; then the lava stream proceeded was, we could not help admiring the grand under ground to a little below Monte Rosso, great gratification to know, that if this and the terrible appearance presented by where the expansion of the air burst the invention can bear the test of experi the clouds and shadows which rolled in surface of the earth with eighteen rents, ment, it is already complete and perfaid masses over the black rocks. As we and here, amidst so dreadful a crash that fect, in the enlightened mind of a were so thoroughly wet through, the cold the thunder of the heaviest artillery was a Briton. We shall hasten to lay much made it impossible for us to ride, and with trifle in comparison, a terrible torrent of invaluable information on this extraorrapid steps we hurried through the woody lava broke out of thirteen new mouths, and dinary matter before our readers; and region to Nicolosi, where the kind Gem- flowed down towards the village of Lin- in the mean time, as we cannot enter mellaro received us with friendship as well guagrossa. In Don Mario Gemmellaro's as pity. opinion, the great mines in which the fer- into it now, put in this notice, as a rets often pursue the rabbits for miles to- dated record of what we have seen, gether under ground, are similar subter- tried, and know to exist-the power of raneous channels of lava of ancient erup-expressing every human idea by a simple tion. process universally intelligible.

Notwithstanding the unpleasantness of the day, we yet passed the evening very cheerfully in the company of this amiable gentleman. He communicated to us some results of his observations on the vertical and horizontal eruptions of the volcano, which he has mentioned in the little book of which we have already spoken, "On the Eruptions of the Volcano in the year 1809." As the eruptions of lava often broke out far below the high crater, some think that, issuing from the centre of this terrible bason of fire, they burst in a horizontal direction, through the body of this gigantic mountain. But, on the other hand, the direction of all these channels of lava upwards to the high crater, seems to prove that every eruption proceeds from it in a vertical direction, only that it often takes a subterraneous course, and breaks out far below the high crater. When, in the year 1381, the lava broke out near Gravina, it proceeded from the summit by a vertical channel under ground, of which a part may be yet seen to the east of Mascabera and Massannunziata. In the year 1537, it was possible to trace exactly the vertical

course of the lava in the direction of the high crater to the thirteen mouths, which opened at certain distances from one another in a descending line. The dreadful eruption of the year 1669, which broke out near the Monti Rosi, near Nicolosi, proceeded from the neighbourhood of the high crater of Monte Frumento likewise through a channel under ground to the Val del Bue, overturned from their foundation the mountains under which it had passed, and

so formed this most dismal cleft.

The directions of the eruption in the year 1763, and that of 1766, are likewise in a falling vertical line. One sees a similar cleft near Gemmellaro's house, and the Philosopher's Tower down to Monte Frumento, through which the lava flowed in the year 1780. The vertical direction from the high crater was indicated still more plainly by the eruption which, in 1792, passed under ground from the Philosopher's Tower; because the earth everywhere sunk in, and so the lava has marked its course by a deep cleft or furrow. Lastly, the lava flowed, in 1809, evidently from the high crater through a channel under ground to Monterosso, burst out there, and passed through the beautiful oak forest of Castiglione; for below the high crater, in the place called" Piano dell' Etna," there

(To be concluded in our next.) LEARNED SOCIETIES.

OXFORD, JAN. 17.-The Regius Professor of Modern History proposes, during the present Term, to read two courses of Lectures, one on HISTORY, and another on POLITICAL ECONOMY..

Wednesday, the first day of Lent Term, the following gentlemen were admitted to degrees :—

DOCTOR IN DIVINITY.

The Rev. Harry Bristow Wilson, of Lincoln College; Rector of St. Mary Aldermary, and St. Thomas the Apostle, in London; Grand Compounder.

BACHELOR IN DIVINITY.

We need not dwell on the mighty prospects which such a discovery opens to view not even Printing is so replete with consequences of wonderful change to the social system.

ORIGINAL POETRY. PROLOGUE TO RETRIBUTION,

OR THE CHIEFTAIN'S DAUGHter.
As written by the Author of the Tragedy, but not
spoken.

Whilst to the reptile insect-sight is given,
Man's upright glance commands wide earth and
heaven;

Thus minds uncultured bounded pleasures prove,
Low all their aims, and sordid all their love.

Rev. Arthur Matthews, Fellow of Brasen- But, open'd and sublim'd by varied art,
nose College.

MASTERS OF ARTS.

Rev. John Watkins, Scholar of Jesus
College.

Rev. James Charnock, of Merton College.

BACHELORS OF ARTS.

Mr. John Elliott, of St. Edmund Hall.
Mr. William Robinson, of Magdalen Hall.

ARTS AND SCIENCES.

PASIGRAPHY.

It was our intention in this Number of the Literary Gazette, to bring before the public one of the most important inventions ever submitted to the judgment of mankind. This will be acknowledged, when we state that we allude to the discovery of an UNIVERSAL LANGUAGE:- -or the means of conveying ideas by a few certain, simple, distinct, and easily formed symbols, intelligible to the whole species, whatever their language, in the same manner as musical notes express the same thing universally to natives of Russia, Italy, England, or Hindostan.

The subject having been ardently taken up in Germany, and a society instituted to mature a plan of this nature, which has been produced in

Vast thoughts expand, warm feelings swell the

heart;

The mind's eye glances round creation's sphere,
And the quick glance is present every where;
Tis then that Genius bids the world admire
The painter's canvass and the poet's lyre.
"Tis then the drama's all-controlling pow'r
With time's rich spoils adorns it's pregnant hour;
Men live beyond their life! as in a glass
Pilgrims from distant climes and ages pass!
Rome's haughty chiefs, and Macedonia's son,
Once more the shadowy race of glory run ;—
Again the tyrant rules, the freeman falls,
And, after death, th' oppress'd for vengeance calls.
Kings proudly boast, and warriors fiercely rave,-
They all they ruled, or conquer'd-in the grave.
Dwell in that universal land-the stage!

All-all appear-the men of every age

In Persia's realins our tragic muse to night
Transports you ages in her backward flight;
Imagination there a moment dwells
Yet, tho' in courts and camps, with princes here
'Mid such dark scenes as history frequent tells;
Awhile we mix, haply some passing tear
A captive's chaius, a woman's woe may move,
For these are tears all shed; of old as now
Such woes have deck'd-yes! they adorn the

A father's sorrows, or a daughter's love;

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As then for guilty greatness;-ruffian deeds,
No varnish'd phrase, no juggling pathos pleads;
No villain deck'd with all the powers of mind
Here claims our tears, though he disgrace our
kind;
Should yon these scenes a youthful author draws,
Deem undeserving of your high applause,
At least (approved the moral of his song)
Say, though his lay be weak, it is not wrong;
Though from his head the blooming lay must part,
Conscious integrity may crown his heart;
And, if severely all his faults you scan,
Dead in the bard, he'll live the honest man.

Written in North Wales. Mark yonder current's noisy course, Onward it moves with rapid force! And down the mountain's dizzy height, And 'long the valley's ample sight, Impetuous still its waters move, Fit emblem of inconstant love!

But mark this little rippling brook, Nurtur'd within yon mossy nook, How silently it glides along!

The pensive dove, of amorous song,
Tarries to sip its gentle wave,
And dares her downy breast to lave,
And on its margin oft will rove,
Warbling her sweetest notes of love! -

The streamlet, constant to its source, Undeviating bends its course,

As if it wish'd that man should see
It hated notoriety!

Ne'er did it try its bounds to pass,

Ne'er wander'd o'er a foreign grass,

Still faithful to thy native nook,

Thy stream hath ever flow'd, sweet brook.

BIOGRAPHY;

KATE.

AND GENERAL TREATISE ON MUSIC.

[NOTICE: On the LIFE and COMPOSITIONS of PAISIELLO. By M. QUATREMERE DE QUINCY.]

For nearly two centuries certain circumstances contributed to retard the cultivation, or at least the success, of music in Italy. This may perhaps be accounted for by the attention which was bestowed on the cultivation of Science, and which occasioned Art to be, in some measure, neglected. Devoted chiefly to divine worship, and practised amidst the darkness of cloisters and religious institutions, the secrets of harmony, and the theories of counter-point, restricted genius within a circle of solemn but naturally uniform compositions. But it must not be supposed that sacred music and its august uses constitute an unfertile source of beauty and expression, when the composer can range at freedom through the infinite sphere of celestial ideas and inspirations. At the period here alluded to, a sort of learned routine chilled the fancy of the composer; its influence even pervaded the taste for theatrical representations, and nothing was produced on the stage but mythological and allegorical subjects, destitute of interest of variety. But when Poetry, in dramas of another description, suited to the developement of the musical art, presented to the composer resources and ef

fects like those which tragedy and comedy derive from a delineation of the human heart, Music seemed to have acquired a new empire, and aspired to express all that of the dramatic poet. had before belonged exclusively to the art

This change was brought about towards the commencement of the 18th century, by the productions of Apostolo Zeno, Metastasio, Goldoni, &c. The style of composition, the arrangement of scores, the method of singing, all underwent modifications. Taste and Science mutually assisted each other in painting the passions, the sentiments, the follies, the contrasts, and the novel situations which were required by the more intimate union of music with the dramatic art.

It may be said that, at that period Music was introduced to the world; she became connected with the habits and enjoyments of society. The companion of the other arts, and subject to the same public judgments, she constituted a portion of the literature of every nation. Like all works of imagination, musical compositions became the objects of those parallels which criticism establishes among the various creations of fancy. The learned school of Leo, Vinci, and Durante, soon grew to be a nursery of celebrated composers, who succeeded each other for the space of half a century. Their names were declared worthy of being associated with those of Michael Angelo and Raphael. Finally, in the short period of fifty years, Music was allowed, by the best critics, to have equalled the Arts of Design, and to have attained the summit to which the latter were raised in the 16th century.

About this epoch of the musical art, Giovanni Paisiello appeared. He was born on the 9th of May, 1741, at Tarento, a city of Naples, an ancient town of Græcia Magna, and which enjoys the honour of having given birth to a celebrated musician of antiquity, the philosopher Aristoxenes.

Paisiello was destined by his father to follow the profession of the law; and for this purpose he pursued his first course of studies at the College of the Jesuits. There Paisiello first manifested his ardent passion for music. The festivals celebrated by the monks in their oratorio, frequently furnished him with an opportunity of singing lessons. He quickly distinguished himself for correctness of ear as well as for mellowness and flexibility of voice. During the solemnities of Passion-week, he was accustomed to sing, without book, parts of concerted hymns. He sang by instinct, and yet he seemed to possess a voice cultivated by study. Finally, no doubt could be entertained that Nature had destined him to be a musician.

sons on music, which could only tend to divert his mind from the object towards which his education had been directed. His parents were soon convinced that Nature had never intended him to follow the profession of the law, and they accordingly yielded to a will which proceeded from a higher source than theirs. Finally, they determined to give free scope to an inclination which nothing could repress; and in 1755 Puisiello was sent to Naples, and placed in the Conservatory of St. Onophrio.

Among the many happy circumstances which contributed to the cultivation of his genius, he enjoyed the advantage of receiving instructions from the immortal Durunte. Though destined, owing to the period in which he lived, to succeed that series of ever-celebrated composers who flourished during the greater part of the 18th century, he enjoyed the happiness of deriving knowledge from the same source, and of being their fellow-student before he became their successor. Durante was at that time verging towards the close of his career, surrounded by a numerous generation of pupils, whose glory was reflected back on their immortal tutor. Paisiello may be said to have been the youngest of this family; he enjoyed only for the space of two years the benefit of his master's instructions. As, however, the latter was succeeded by Cotomacci and Abes, the young composer changed his master without changing his school, and finished his course of musical studies in 1765.

The term pupil in the arts of genius, sometimes marks the age of the man rather than the talent. Paisiello, though still a student, enjoyed the reputation of a master. He composed, for the benefit of the Conservatory, masses, vespers, oratorios; and a comic intermezzo, which he produced at the age of 18, proved that he wanted only the means of developing his powers. An opportunity of this kind soon presented itself. In music, more than any other art, the first rays of genius will soon become extinct, if circumstances do not supply the aliment necessary to enable it to unfold itself.

In this respect Italy is, of all countries, most favourable to the hopes of rising talent. There no single and principal capital is privileged to absorb and concentrate authors and reputations within a boundary, which few beginners can venture to approach. When there are but few ways by which merit can be made known, áll must patiently await their turn. The advanced-posts are occupied by the first in rank, who obstinately refuse to resign in favour of new-comers. Interest, vanity, intrigue, and injustice, and we may add Transcendent talent never fails, sooner even the justice of the public, who are ator later, to attract the notice it deserves. tached both by custom and gratitude to old Those vigorous plants which spring up favourites, all tend to discourage the prospontaneously, always fix the intelligent motion of talent. In Italy, on the coneye of some cultivator. About this time, trary, where every little city asserts its young Paisiello began to receive from the right of enjoying the talent which Fame celebrated singer Carlo Resta secret les-circulates, as it were, throughout the whole

JOURNAL OF THE BELLES LETTRES:

country, the most inexperienced composer may make himself known, if indeed he deserve to be known. It is neither the celebrity of the theatre, nor the magnitude of the city, which measures the sphere of rising genius, or determines the rank of its productions. (This observation, refers particularly to the period at which Paisiello In that country, first became known.) where all is music, a beautiful air excites a sensation equal to that which a great political event will elsewhere produce. A sort of electrical movement instantly propagates the reputation of a composer, and a single strain of sentiment, performed at the lowest country theatre, will transport its author to those vast and brilliant orchestras, which are honoured and animated by the suffrages of exalted rank and taste.

Thus Paisiello acquired so much celebrity by a composition which he produced whilst he was a student of the Conservatory, that he was engaged to compose, for the Teatro Marsigli, at Bologna, two comic operas; namely, La Pupilla and La Mondo a roverscio, which are written by Goldoni. These pieces were so successful, that the reputation of the young composer became general throughout Italy. He was immediately engaged at Modena, to compose a comic opera (La Madama Umorista); and two serious operas (Demetrius and Artaxerces.) It was now evident that both Melpomene and Thalia contended for his homage. At Parma, three comic operas (il Virtuose ridiculo, il Negligente, and i bogni di Abano) confirmed the opinion which had been formed of Paisiello's talent. He then visited Venice, and three new works, which he composed in that city (il Ciarlone, l'Amore in Ballo, and le Pescatrici) ensured for him an engagement at Rome.

Rome is a sort of rendezvous for the people of every nation. It is the city in which young composers are most ambitious of acquiring success; for the applause which is there bestowed on them, immediately resounds throughout the rest of Europe. The music of the Marchese Tulipani, which Paisiello produced shortly after his arrival at Rome, immediately wafted his name and reputation to this side of the Alps.

But he was anxious to establish, on a
more solid basis, his reputation in Italy,
and particularly in Naples, that Metropolis
of Music, and to place himself in compe-
tition with the distinguished masters who
at that period contended for the sceptre
of taste and opinion. At the head of these
learned composers was the great Piccini,
whose success seemed to occupy all the
Paisiello cautiously
mouths of Fame.
guarded against exciting the least suspicion
that he aspired to place himself on
parallel with Piccini. He approached him
with all the submission of an inferior, and
all the respect of a docile pupil. At Naples
he produced various successful operas,
among which we may mention the Idolo
Cinese, which was performed, by desire of
the King, at the private theatre of the

a

court, an honour which had never before
been conferred on any comic opera.

It is well known that, about the time
when Piccini quitted Italy to visit France,
he became, by his concurrence with the
celebrated Saxon (Gluck) the occasion of a
musical war, which is nearly as celebrated
as the siege of Troy. The Italians did not,
at that time, perfectly comprehend the
object of a parallel which seemed to divide
between two rivals the empire of musical
glory. In Italy, that empire was shared
by several masters, who were equal in
genius, though their style of composition
was various. No one thought of establish-
ing any decided superiority among the
works of Palestrina, Sarti, Piccini, or
Sachini. It was even believed that music
had long since passed through every degree
in the circle of genius; and when the
reigning school was compared with that
which had preceded it, it was placed in the
same rank which in painting had been oc-
cupied by the school of the Carracci,-
school truly eclectic, if the phrase may be
used, and of which the chief merit con-
sisted in combining all qualities, and unit-
ing them in one central point, suited to
every taste.

-a

In

61

questions to which the state of the art
the most for the best? These are the
gave rise in Italy about 40 years ago, when
music was supposed to have attained that
point of perfection which precedes decay,
and when Paisiello seemed to be affixing
the seal to his reputation at Rome by the
Paisiello's name had now become cele-
production of the Duc Contesse, and the
Disfatta di Dario, in 1777.
His choice
brated throughout Europe. London, Vienna,
and Petersburgh, held out the most bril-
liant rewards for his talent.
was not, however, guided by interest. He
declined the offers of England, and pre-
ferred the invitation of Catherine, who had
been the first to present herself.

To enter into a detail of all the flatter-
ing distinctions which he received in Russia,
and all he did to deserve them, would ne-
cessarily extend this notice beyond the
Catherine equalled the fertility of Paisiello's
limits prescribed for it. It will be suf-
ficient to observe, that the liberality of
genius. Among the numerous works which
he composed in Russia, we shall merely
as the Serva Padrona, I Philosophi imagi-
mention those which are well known and
admired, both in London and Paris; such
(To be concluded in our next.)
nari, Il Barbiere de Seviglia, &c.

THE DRAMA.

KING'S THEATRE.-Miss Corri's debut

In the meanwhile, Paisiello had studied in Italy the various distinctions between the styles of Gluck and Piccini. Certain well known causes have produced in Germany a strong taste for the study of harmony and instrumental music, especially compositions for wind instruments. Italy the taste for singing is innate, and, has been the novelty of the week. She apat that period in particular, all instrumen-peared on Saturday for the first time of her tal accompaniments were rendered subor- treading a stage. If the perfection of mudinate to the voice of the singer. Puisiello sical education could make perfect, she imparted richness and variety to the Italian ought to be among the most accomplished orchestra, by the introduction of wind in-performers that has ever appeared. Her struments. He gave additional energy to family have been celebrated for many years He composed a vast opportunities which could be given to early the orchestra without diminishing the elo- as teachers: she enjoyed of course all the quence of the song. number of airs with accompaniments for powers, and for the last three years, she the clarionet and hautboy; and his com- has had the unrivalled advantage of being positions, whilst they retained all their under the tuition of Catalani. Nothing but graceful simplicity, produced a more rich the most signal natural deficiency could and varied effect than before. It was uni- have prevented the effect of such superinthe public a fine singer, her tone clear, full, versally acknowledged that he had im- tendence, and Miss Corri is not deficient It seemed as though music could make no proved upon the art of his predecessors. in natural powers. She now comes before further advancement without falling into and her execution flexible, and her taste Itaextravagance. But, in the course of a few lian. The age of miracles is past, and Miss years, Paisiello found in Cimarosa a rival, Corri is not destined to revive them on the for them in the memory of the Marchesis, who proved that the boundaries of genius stage: for ecstasies and enthusiasms we in composition had been too precipitately must turn to some other enchantress; look own. But this girl gratifies the ear, if she marked out. or higher, till they visit some dotage of our does not calamitously disturb the heart, and ministers to the pleasant illusion of the passing hour, if it be denied to her to molest us by dreams when that hour is gone. She is a tolerable theatric figure: unassured, almost unsteady on the stage, she moves with the habits of a form which may refine into grace: her countenance is cold, but not incapable of animation; yet its characteristic is fair frigidity, too common for dignity, too dull for passion: she would

But allowing the artist to possess the power of inexhaustible invention, may we not dread the mania of innovating, that is to say of overstepping, the circle of legitimate invention? Though Nature can always create men of genius, can Genius always create new styles? And what will be the combinations of genius when there is no longer novelty of style? It will then be with music as with the other arts. Will not the whimsical be mistaken for the new, luxury for richness, exaggeration for grandeur,-finally, effort for force, and

make neither a queen nor a lover; she | the same unillumed vacuity of face. Mrs. | is in fact, no news, nor politics stirring, might figure as a prude, if to be a prude Robinson was the Rosalie Somers, and is except presumptions, and squabbling the first step was not to be on system, a a pretty looking woman: he is an uncon- about points, which, if true, would be coquette. But she is young; the usual scionable dog who will not be satisfied with magnification, whose secret lies in dimi- that, without requiring that she should be of no consequence. nishing, leaves her but at seventeen ; under an excellent actress too. Munden and twenty, all have much to learn, and much Dowton were amusing in Trot and Cosey. more to lose; and ten years may place Miss The BELLE STRATAGEM was got up at Corri at a glittering height above her pre- this house on Tuesday with a debutante sent embarrassments, efforts, and even ex- from Dublin, Miss Smithson, in Letitia

pectations. She was received with great favour. She played the Countess in that most fractured and popular opera of Figaro. Its popularity here is no impeachment of our taste. We hear it but in its music, and its music is admirable. The people of the Continent, with their affectation of tact, have to answer for enduring in the primitive nakedness of its sins against taste, wit, and morals, the miserable melunge of silliness, sentiment, bloated language, and beggarly conception, called Figaro.

The Ballet of Etius and Fulvie, a remarkable evidence of the facility with which the liberality of managers, and the patience of the public, may be imposed on, still continues to exercise the yawns of the audience. If this continues to be perpetrated any farther, we shall grow more than sick of M. Favier. The theatre on Saturday was full, the audience seemed highly gratified with the general performance; and, except some hissing at the Ballet, all went off well. DRURY-LANE.-On Friday the 16th, The Children in the Wood was revived, with Mr. H. Johnston as Walter. With a vivid recollection of the inimitable Bannister in this part, and especially on that night on which he took his leave of the Stage, and, excited by his feelings on the occasion, performed it in a manner that will never be surpassed in that, or in any other character, we saw Mr. Johnston to a great disadvantage. Nor did his style of acting remove our first impression. The energy was rather an exaggeration of force than the outbursting of strong passions; and in the action and gesticulation there was more of theatrical melo-drame than of nature.

On Saturday last, the play was Town and Country, in which Mr. Kean sustained his accustomed character, Reuben Glenroy. It is one of his least favourable exhibitions. In the early scenes he is more like a grazier's lad, with a spice of diablerie in his com position, than a rustic, elevated above his fellows by the native energies of mind; and towards the conclusion of the piece, except in one scene of considerable force, he is as vapid as the eccentricity of the part will permit. Mr. Stanley was called on to undertake Plastic, in consequence of the sudden indisposition of Miss (we cannot on such occasions say Mr.) Wallack. Great allowances are to be made for a performer under such circumstances; but, in truth, Mr. S. stood in need of no indulgence, for he played Plastic as he plays Rover and Ranger, and every other character, with the same swing and the same swagger, the same cock of the hat and bite of the lip, the same unmeaning case of manner, and

Hardy. This young lady possesses a good figure, and a pleasing countenance for the stage. Her action is quite easy, and her spirit sufficiently buoyant; indeed it is exuberant. We never witnessed such perfect self-possession in a female first appearance; there was no more timidity than if the whole had been a private rehearsal before a looking glass. We confess that we should have liked something feminine, however little, thrown into the coarse comedy, but the vice of modesty did not detract one jot from the fulness of Miss Hardy's exertions. Her voice is tunable and of considerable compass; but she sings indifferently. It seems that all ladies, except they are as fat as Miss Leserve, who overturned a hackney coach by her weight in stepping into it, appear to advantage in dancing upon the stage; we are therefore bound to say, that the minuet de la cour was gracefully performed. Taken as a whole, the debut was a successful one, and Miss S. may fairly be ranked among the actresses whose talents are of an order to afford pleasure in the drama. We shall, however, be more competent to speak of her qualifications when we have seen her in a less bizarre character. Mrs. Orger is a little shelved for Mrs. Robinson, who is more new, and to whom was given Lady Frances in the room of the former. We gained nothing by the change, nor in the substitution of Stanley for Rae in Doricourt. Both performances were even below mediocrity. Dowton made a good deal of old Hardy, and Harley's Flutter

very

fitted him well. The rest of the cast was but so-so, except Mrs. Glover in Mrs. Racket.

The Pantomime continues to be played nightly, but is evidently losing its magnetic powers. All the children will be back at school next week.

COVENT-GARDEN.-Here we can make a return of nothing new, though not of nulla bona. The Point of Honour, Retribution, Guy Mannering, and Twelfth Night, form the diurnal spokes of the wheel, which looks like a wheel of fortune, if we may judge from the full houses. The pantomime also maintains its ground, and even the trifle, Three Miles from Paris, is slipped in like the bad guinea between two pieces of lawful coin, to get passed.

DIGEST OF POLITICS AND
NEWS.

It is rather to shew that we do not forget this department of our Journal, than that we have any thing to digest in it, that induces this notice. There

In France, the law for recruiting the army, is passing through the Chamber of Deputies; and the Peers are engaged on that relative to the press :

In America a military force is concentrating in the southern provinces: In England we are preparing for the opening of parliament on the 27th: In Germany Madame Krudener is mystifying the natives with prophecies: And this is all we can make out of a whole week's news.

METEOROLOGICAL JOURNAL. January 15-Thursday.

Thermometer from 39 to 55. Barometer from 29, 87 to 29, 82. Wind S. W. 3.--Generally overcast, but sun shining about noon.-Rain fallen, 075 of an incli. Friday, 16-Thermometer from 45 to 50.

Barometer from 30, 05 to 29, 81. Wind S. and S. W. 3.-Generally cloudy, with some rain in the afternoon.

Saturday, 17-Thermometer from 36 to 43.

Barometer from 29, 98 to 30, 11. Wind S. W. 4.-Generally clear, and very fine. Rain fallen, 05 of an inch. Sunday, 18-Thermometer from 32 to 43.

Barometer from 30, 10 to 30, 30. Wind W. by S. and W. 1.-Generally clear, and very fine. Monday, 19-Thermometer from 31 to 41.

Barometer from 30, 59 to 30, 65, Wind W. and S. W.0.-Generally clear, and very fine.

Tuesday, 20-Thermometer from 26 to 41.

Barometer from 30, 54 to 30, 35. Wind S. -The early part of the morning cloudy, with a white frost; the rest of the day generally clear.

Wednesday, 21-Thermometer from 24 to 46.

Barometer from 30, 10 to 30, 35. Wind S. and W. by S. 4.-Morning cloudy, the rest of the day clear. Latitude 51. 37. 32 N. Longitude 3.51 W. JOHN ADAMS.

Edmonton, Middlesex.

TO CORRESPONDENTS. Our Friend in Wales is mistaken. We were too much obliged by former Communications, to include the last under a general notice; but we claim great allowances. Our portfolios are literally filled with kind Contributions; and as we publish but Fiftytwo Sheets in a year, however much we press and compress, it is absolutely impossible to gratify all our wishes, without waiting for times and seasons. It is equally out of our power to give particular answers, and when the occasion does not especially demand such, we do hope our well-wishers will rest assured of our good will and best exertions to oblige them.

the Literary Gazette. A Wood-cut and Junius Secundus is quite inapplicable to accurate description of the Alisma Plantago will be given in our next Number.

Bensley and Sons, Bolt Court, Fleet Street.

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