to attacking British, 229; rebuked | by Washington, leaves service, 230. Lee, Henry, captures Paulus Hook, i. 262; Washington's regard for, ii. 357.
Lee, Richard Henry, hostility to Wash- ington, i. 209.
Lincoln, Abraham, compared with Washington, ii. 303–308.
Lincoln, Benjamin, sent against Bur- goyne, i. 204, 205; obliged to sur- render at Charleston, 265, 266. Lippincott, Capt., hangs Capt. Huddy, i. 319.
"Little Sarah," the, affair of, ii. 152. Livingstone, Edw., moves call for papers in Jay treaty, ii. 203. Logan, Dr. George, interview with Washington, ii. 258. Long Island, battle of, i. 160.
Loudon, Lord, inefficiency of, i. 88. Lovell, James, hostile to Washington, i. 208, 209; letter against Washing- ton, 216. Lowell, James Russell, implication that Washington was not an Amer- ican, ii. 303.
MADISON, James, Washington's choice for French mission, ii. 207. "Magnolia," a pet colt, i. 96; ii. 375. Marshall, Chief Justice, anecdote of Washington, ii. 385.
Mason, George, friend and neighbor, consulted by Washington, i. 116, 117, 118; Washington's friendship for, ii. 356; controversy with Wash- ington about church site, 375. Mason, S. T., senator, gives Jay treaty to Bache, ii. 182.
Massey, Lee, Rev., rector of Pohick Church, i. 42.
McHenry, James, at West Point, i. 276; Secretary of War, ii. 242. McMaster, John B., Washington an unknown man, i. 7; charge that Washington was cold, ii. 327; story of the poor mason, 347. Meade, Col. Richard, anecdote about, ii. 330.
Mercer, Hugh, killed at Princeton, i. 177.
Mifflin, Thomas, hostility to Washing- ton, i. 210; on board of war, 215; put under Washington's orders, 220; receives Washington's commission as president of Congress, 340; con- duct in affair of "Little Sarah," ii.
Mischiauga, The, i. 226. Mississippi, Washington's views as to, ii. 15, 161, 162.
Monmouth, battle of, i. 229 ff.; re- treat of the enemy, 230.
Monroe, James, appointed minister to France, character, ii. 208; perform. ances in Paris, 209; disgusts Wash- ington, 210; publishes a book in de- fence of his course, 211.
Morgan, Daniel, sent north, i. 202; at Saratoga, 205; wins battle of the Cowpens, 293.
Morris, Gouverneur, quotes speech of Washington in his Eulogy, ii. 31; unofficial mission to England, 135; comprehension of French revolu tion, 137; recall demanded and agreed to, 207; Washington's friend- ship for, 358.
Morris, Robert, financial ability, 251; considered for secretary of treasury, ii. 65; Washington's friendship for, 358.
Moustier, Count, refused special privi- leges, ii. 58, 132.
Murray, Wm., appointed minister to France, ii. 287. Muse, Adjutant, i. 63.
NAPOLEON, orders mourning for Wash- ington, i. 1; last campaign before Elba, 178; compared with Trenton campaign, 178.
Newburgh addresses, i. 327. New England, feeling toward Wash. ington, i. 135; condition of army of, 136.
Newenham, Sir Edward, Washington's letter to, on true policy of United States, ii. 131.
Nicola, Colonel, urges Washington to seize supreme power, i. 328.
O'FLINN, Captain, Washington's friend. ship for, ii. 312.
PARKINSON, statements as to Washing- ton's treatment of slaves, i. 102; stories about Washington, 347-349; opinion of Washington, 350. Parton, James, criticism of Washing- ton, ii. 325.
Peace commission sent by England, i.
Pendleton, Edmund, accompanies
Washington to Philadelphia, i. 125. Philipse, Mary, early love affair of Washington with, i. 96, 97. Phillips, General, in command in Vir- ginia, i. 295.
Pickering, Timothy, letter of, recall
ing Washington on Randolph affair, ii. 191; criticism of Washington, 301, 302.
Pinckney, Charles Cotesworth, ap pointed minister to France, ii. 210; accepts subordinate rank, 285; Wash ington's friendship for, 357.
Pinckney, Thomas, special mission to Spain, ii. 163 ff. Princeton, battle of, i. 177. "Protection," Washington's views on, ii. 110-119.
RANDOLPH, Edmund, made attorney- general, character of, ii. 63; drafts neutrality proclamation, 145; hesi- tation with Genet, 151; argument on relations with France, 167; suc- ceeds Jefferson, 181, 241; letter from Fauchet to be placed in hands of President, 193; receives Fauchet letter and resigns, 197; Mr. Con- way's views of Washington's treat- ment of, 198; defence, 199; attacks Washington, 200.
Rahl, Colonel, death at Trenton, i. 176.
Randolph, John, on Virginian society, i. 15.
Rutledge, John, rejected by Senate, ii. 62; judge, 71.
port, 236, 237; sent against Indians, 259.
Supreme Court, appointed by Wash- ington, ii. 71.
TALLEYRAND, report on death of Wash- ington, i. 1 (note); remark upon Hamilton, ii. 137; Washington's treatment of, ii. 249. Thackeray, W. M., description of Washington's resignation of his commission, i. 340.
Thatcher, Dr., description of Wash- ington, i. 134.
Thomson, Charles, Washington's com- pliment to, ii. 345.
Trenton, battle of, i. 175; strategic and political value of battle of, 178. Trumbull, Jonathan, Washington's friendship for, ii. 358.
Tryon, Gov., intrigues of, i. 154; raids in Connecticut, 262.
VALLEY FORGE, wintering the army at, i. 221 ff.
SANDWICH, Lord, declaration as to Van Braam, Jacob, i. 63; goes with
Yankees, i. 151. Saratoga, battle of, 197.
Savage, portrait of Washington, i. 13. Savannah, attack upon, i. 240. Schuyler, Philip, accompanies Wash- ington from Philadelphia to New York, i. 133; in command of north- ern department, 199; devotion to Washington's ideas, 201; removed from command, 203; value of ser- vices of, 204; would not have per- mitted conditional surrender at Sar- atoga, 205.
Shays insurrection, ii. 26.
Shirley, Governor, Washington's visit to, i. 88, 94.
Short, William, sent as commissioner to Spain, ii. 163.
Slavery, Washington's views upon, i. 101.
Sparks, Jared, treatment of Washing- ton's letters, ii. 332, 333.
St. Clair, Arthur, campaign against Indians, and defeat, ii. 93, 94; Wash- ington's treatment of, 97. Steuben, Baron, rightly valued by Washington, i. 187; inspector-gen- eral, 225; desires to quit inspector- ship, 242; special envoy to get sur- render of western posts, 335. Stirling, Lord, taken prisoner at Long Island, i. 161.
Stony Point, capture of, i. 261. Stuart, Gilbert, portrait of Washing-
ton, i. 13; description by, of Wash- ington, 55.
Sullivan, John, at Trenton, i. 175; at the Brandywine, 192, 193; at New-
Washington to France, 64.
Virginia, contrast of society of, in 1732 and now, i. 16; population, 17; towns, 18; travel and travellers, 19; slaves and poor whites, 20; middle class and great planters, 21; occu- pations of planters, 22; education, 23; habits and life of planters, 24; luxury and apparent wealth, 25; in- terests and amusements, 26, 27; lib- erty-loving and aristocratic spirit in, 28; thanks of, to Washington after his first campaign, 77; British campaign in, 295, 298; free trade in, ii. 114; nullification resolutions, 261; aristocracy of, 310.
WASHINGTON, Augustine, father of George, i. 37; death of, 38; char- acter, 45.
Washington, George, honors to his memory in France and England, i. 1-3; in the United States, 4; gen- eral admission of his greatness, 6; tributes from distant countries, 6; "an unknown man," 7; minuteness of existing knowledge, 8; a myth- ical character, 9; the Weems myth, 10; other myths, 11; no new Wash- ington, 12; all not told, portraits of Stuart and Savage, 13; a silent man, 14, 67, 68: pedigree, 29, 32; birth- place, 37; character of mother of, 39; early stories about, 43; their character, falsity, and origin, 44, 45; early teachers, 46; plan for his go- ing to sea, studies to be a surveyor, 49; rules of behavior in his diary,
51; surveys Lord Fairfax's prop- erty, 54; appearance at that time, 55; first surveying expedition, 56- 59 life at Greenway Court, 59; journey to Barbadoes, 60; diary there, 61; death of Lawrence, 62; military education, 63; expedition to negotiate with French, 64-66; starts with two companies against French, 69; the march, 70; protests against treatment of troops, 71; the Jumonville affair, 72; at the Great Meadows, 73; surrenders, 74; char- acter of this campaign, 75; effect on Washington, 76; retires to Mt. Vernon, refusing to submit to Eng- lish officers ranking him, 77, 78; joins Braddock's staff, 79; treat- ment of, on staff, 80; advice to Braddock, 81; delayed by illness, 82; bravery in the battle, 83; con- ducts retreat, 84; returns to Mt. Vernon, 85; takes command of Vir- ginian forces, 86; denounces treat- ment of troops and conduct of af- fairs, 87; settles question of rank, disappointed in Lord Loudon, 88; replies angrily to criticisms, 89; re- tires to Mt. Vernon, and joins ex pedition of Forbes, 90; fall of Fort Duquesne, close of first period of career, 91; love affairs, 92; journey to Boston, 94; dress and appear- ance, 95; in New York, Philadel- phia, and Boston, 96; return to Virginia, 97; meets Martha Custis, 98; his wedding, thanked by assem- bly, 99; wealth and position, 100; management of estate, 101; of slaves, 102; opinions on slavery, 103-105; knowledge of business, 105; care of old soldiers, 106; care of his step- children, 108; books and pictures, 109; horses and hounds, 110; fox- hunting, 111; affair with the poach- er, 112; hospitality, 113; love of society, 114; mental and physical strength, 115; feeling as to stamp act, 116; expects war, 117; sustains non-importation agreements, 118; fasts on account of Boston port bill, 120; opinion on conduct of Par- liament, 121; presides at Fairfax County meeting, 122; opinion of Gage's conduct, speech in conven- tion, 123; offers to raise men, elected to Continental Congress, 124; starts for Philadelphia, 125; conduct in Congress, 126; opinion of British policy, 127; belief that indepen- dence must come, 128; preparing for war in Virginia, 129; in Congress again, 130; wears his uniform, ac- cepts command, 131; feeling in do-
ing so, 132; starts for Boston, 133; takes command at Cambridge, 134; appearance, 135; gets returns of army, 136; enforces discipline, 137; obliged to teach Congress, 138; dis- covers lack of powder, 139; plans campaigns in Canada and elsewhere, 140; proposes to attack Boston in September, 141; corresponds with Gage as to prisoners, 143-145; cor- responds with Howe as to prisoners, 145; winter difficulties, stops quar- rel between Marblehead and Vir- ginia soldiers, 146; suggests admi- ralty courts, 147; gloom of winter, resolves to attack, 148; throws up works at Dorchester, 149; retreat of British, 150; victory due to Washington's abilities, 151; enters Boston, 152; effort to make Con- gress understand extent of war, 153; reaches New York, 154; deals with Tories, 155; conspiracy against, 156; insists on titles in correspondence with Lord Howe, 157; allaying state jealousies, 158; obliged to spare New York, 159; assumes command on Long Island, 160; watches the defeat, 161; withdraws, 162; re- treats from town of New York, 163; fury at retreat of troops at Kip's landing, 164; continues retreat, 165; writes to Congress, 166; tries to arouse it to sense of danger, 167; withdraws to White Plains, 168; skirmishes successfully, 169; blames himself for loss of forts, 170; re- treats through New Jersey, 171; difficulties of his position, 172; plans an attack, 173; desperate measures, 174; crosses the Delaware, 175; battle of Trenton, evades Cornwal- lis, 176; battle of Princeton, 177; saves the Revolution, 179; withdraws to Morristown, 180; fluctuations in army, 181; persistence in fighting, delusions of Congress, 182; issues proclamation to come in and take oath, 183; questions of rank, 184; attitude toward appointment of for- eign officers, 184-187; national spir- it, 188; baffles Howe advancing from New York, 189; goes south to meet Howe, passes through Philadelphia, 190; takes position at the Brandy- wine and gives battle, 191; is de- feated, 192; rallies army and pre- pares to fight again, 193; attacks at Germantown and is defeated, 194; opinion of battle, 195; Eng- lish opinion of, 196; foresees and prepares for northern invasion, 198; instructions to Schuyler, deter- mined to hold Howe, 199; fear that
Howe might march north, 200; plans for campaigns, 201; not dis- heartened by loss of forts, 202; slighted by Gates, 206; feeling against, in Congress, 207, 208; op- poses Conway's promotion, defends and loses Delaware forts, 211; re- fuses battle with Howe, 212; value and meaning of this refusal, 213; watches cabal, 214; letter to Con- way, correspondence with Gates, 215; cannot be driven to resign, tone in regard to Burgoyne's surrender, 218; does not worry about cabal, 219; defeats cabal, 220; withdraws to Valley Forge, 221; efforts to care for soldiers, 222; appeals to Congress, and reply to legislature of Pennsylvania, 223; bent on suc- cess, urges improvements in army on Congress, 224; persists in his policy which is partially adopted, 225; watches Clinton in Philadel- phia, 226, 227; pursues Clinton, 228; hears bad news and hurries to front, 229; rebukes Lee, 230; rallies army and defeats British, 231; celebrates French alliance, 234; difficulty of task of managing allies, 235; writes to D'Estaing, 236; difficulties at Newport, 237; pacifies the French after Newport, 238; writes to D'Estaing as to opportunities, 240; opposes giving excessive rank to foreign officers, 241, 242; American feeling, 243; national feeling, 244; a national leader, 245; opposition to attacking Canada, 246, 247; cool judgment as to France, 248; anxiety as to finances, 251; strives to have better men sent to Congress, 252; anger against speculators, 253, 254; internal troubles the great peril, 255; anxiety on that account, 256; remains near New York watching enemies' movements, 257; efforts to divine their plans, 258; labors at navy, and sends Sullivan against In- dians, 259; foresees danger in the south, 260; plans attack on Stony Point, 261; contempt for certain English methods of warfare, 262; difficulties of wintering army 1779- 80, 263; unable to do anything in spring of 1780, 264; understands perfectly what should be done at Charleston, 265; plans to take ad- vantage of French forces, 267; holds firm to the Hudson, 268; sends out call for aid to States, 269; lack of supplies, appeals to Congress, 270; plain statements as to condition of affairs, 271; tries to get De Rocham- beau to agree to attack on New York,
meets De Rochambeau at Hart- ford, 274; popular affection shown in village as he returns, 275; reaches West Point, 276; discovers treason, 277; feeling as to Arnold, 278; course in regard to André, 279; opinion of Arnold, 280; condemned to inaction, 281; effort to hold army together, 281-283; suppresses mu- tiny, 284; greatness in maintaining army, 285; rebukes Congress, 286; sends Greene south and Knox to travel through States, 287; per- ceives need of better form of gov ernment, labors for it, 288-292; effort to secure action, 293; rebukes Lund Washington for receiving British at Mt. Vernon, 295; desire to get to the south, 296; frightens Clinton, prepares to act with French fleet, 297, 298; writes De Grasse to meet him in Chesapeake, fears a premature peace, 300; plan of cam- paign, cannot get money or sup plies, 301; need of supremacy at sea, 302; gets De Barras to go to Chesapeake, starts from New York, 303; difficulties in making arrange- ments for the march, 304, 305; goes south, meets De Grasse, 306; per- suades De Grasse to remain, begins siege, 307; orders and watches as- sault on redoubts, 308; analysis of campaign, and secret of success, 310- 312; does not lose his head in vic- tory, 313; urges De Grasse to attack Charleston, grief for death of John Custis, 314; goes to Philadelphia and urges preparations for ensuing year, 315; doubts truth of reports that English desire peace, 316; fears that British do not really mean peace, 317; unable to con- vince Congress of need of further exertion, 318; anger at murder of Huddy, 319; prepares to retaliate, 320; releases Asgill on order of Congress, 321; refuses to take credit for it, 322; love for his sol- diers, 323; effort to get relief for them, 325; warns Congress of im- pending danger, 326; takes control of movement, address to officers, 327; reply to suggestion that he should seize supreme power, 329; checks and controls discontents, 330; true view of his action, 332; chafes under delay after treaty of peace arrives, 334; journey through northern and western New York, 335; circular to governors, address to army, enters city of New York, 336; bids farewell to his officers, 337; settles accounts, 338; resigns
his commission, 339; speech, 339, 340; return to Mt. Vernon after war, ii. 1; gives up hunting, 2; pursued by artists and visitors, 3; correspondence on various subjects, 4; looking after his estate, 5; ad- vises Congress as to peace establish- ment, 6; as to posts, 7; broad na- tional views, 8; takes up scheme of inland navigation, 9; lays it before governor and assembly, 10; stock offered him, 11; takes it, canals started, 12; effect of this scheme, 13; political purposes in canal pro- ject, 14; views as to Mississippi, 15, 16; feels need of better union dur- ing Revolution, 17; principles of union, 18; addresses urging them, 19; value of these appeals, 20; expects disasters of confederation, 21; on the evil of disunion, 22; urges commercial agreement be- tween Maryland and Virginia, 23; contempt of foreign nations, 24 ; points out designs of England, 25; watches course of events in States, 26; contrasted with Jefferson, 27; letters and influence, 27, 28; elect- ed to Philadelphia convention, 29; hesitates about going, 30; reaches Philadelphia, views as to duty of delegates, speech attributed to him by Morris, 31; chosen to preside, 33; influence in convention, 34; signs Constitution, 35; reflects on the work, 36; efforts for ratifica- tion, 38-40; talked of for President, 41; elected, 42; speech at Alexan- dria, 43; journey to New York, 44; effect of reception upon him, 45; inaugurated, takes the oath, 46; speech to Congress, 47; compre hension of situation, 48, 50; official title, 51; official and social eti- quette, 52-54; attacks upon forms adopted, 55, 56; examines thor- oughly business of all departments, 57; refuses special privileges to French minister, 58, 59; appoint- ments to office, 60; character of ap- pointees, 61; appoints cabinet, 62; composition of cabinet, 63; regard for Knox, 64; knowledge of Ham- ilton, 65; feeling towards and rea- sons for taking Jefferson, 67; con- trasted with Jefferson, 68; cabinet as a whole, 69; party character of, all of one view as to Constitution, 70; appoints Supreme Court, 71; illness, 72; journey through New England, 73; affair with Hancock, 74; success of journey, 75; opens Congress, 76; speech to Senate and House, 77; subjects of speech, 79,
80; character of, 81; fitness to deal with Indian problem, 85; dangers from Indians, 86; condition of tribes west and south, 87; failure of first commission to treat with Creeks, 88; treaty with Creeks, 89; orders expedition against western Indians, 91; efforts for peace in north, 92; plans second expedition under St. Clair, 93; feelings on hearing of St. Clair's defeat, 95; treatment of St. Clair, plans an- other expedition, 97; selects Wayne as commander, 98; efforts for peace in north and south, 99; general results of Indian policy, 102; finan- cial difficulties, 104; sustains as- sumption, 105; satisfied with ar- rangement between Jefferson and Hamilton, 106; question of national bank, 107; signs bill, 108; sustains "implied powers," 109; supports Hamilton's policy generally, 110; views as to report on manufactures, 113; Virginian experience, 114; lessons of the Revolution, 115; ex- pressions in favor of protection, 116, 119; policy in regard to resist- ance to excise, 122-124; orders out troops, 125 ; overthrow of in- surrection, 126; effect and mean- ing of his success, 127, 128; early determination on American policy in foreign affairs, 131; knowledge of foreign affairs, 132; existing re- lations with other nations, 133; de- sire for peace, 134; sends Morris to open relations with England, 135; comprehension of French revolu- tion, 137; attitude in regard to it, 139-143; war between England and France, issues neutrality proclama- tion, 144; policy declared by it, 145; foresaw need of proclamation, 147; caution in dealing with France, 148; contrasted with Genet, 149; cool reception of Genet, anger at escape of "Little Sarah," 153, 154; determines on recall of Genet, 155; revokes exequatur of French consul, 156; refuses to deny Jay card for Genet, 157; trial to his temper of Genet business, 158; deals with troubles excited by Genet in west, 160; sympathy with Kentuckians, 161; Mississippi pol- icy, 162; policy toward Spain, 163; successful treaty, 164; atti- tude toward France in view of trea- ties, 167; his policy in its effect on England, 168; despite outrages means to try for peace, 173; on Hamilton's withdrawal, appoints Jay special envoy to England, 174;
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