LIABILITY FOR MILITARY SERVICE IN foreign countrIES—Continued, of America and Other Powers" (Government Printing Office, 1910), and separate coples may be furnished by the department upon request. Under these treaties the naturalization of persons concerned as citizens of the United States and the termination of their former allegiance are recognized, with the reservation, in most of them, that such persons remain liable to trial and punishment in their native lands for offences committed prior to emigration therefrom, including offences of evasion of military duty. The United States holds that no naturalized citizen of this country can rightfully be held to account for military liability to his native land accruing subsequent to emigration therefrom, but this principle may be contested by countries with which the United States has not entered into treaties of naturalization. The latter countries may hold that naturalization of their citizens or subjects as citizens of other countries has no effect upon their original military obligation, or may deny the right of their citizens or subjects to become naturalized as citizens of other countries, In the absence of express consent or without the fulfilment of military obligations, More specific information as to the department's understanding of the laws of these countries concerning nationality and military obligations may be found in the department's circulars mentioned above. It is important to observe that an allen who declares his intention to become a citizen of the United States does not, at the time of making such declaration, renounce allegiance to his original sovereign, but merely declares that he intends to do so. Such person does not, by his declaration of Intention, acquire the status of a citizen of the United States. W. J. BRYAN. DEPARTMENT OF STATE, Washington, August 14, 1914. UNITED STATES BUREAU OF MINES. THE general purpose of the Bureau of Mines, of the Department of the Interior, is to conduct, in behalf of the public welfare, fundamental inquiries and investigations into the mining industry, Two phases of the industry of greatest national concern are safety and efficiency-safeguarding the Ilves of our miners and insuring the most efficient and least wasteful development and use of our mineral resources. These inquiries and investigations are national in scope; they do not contemplate the safeguarding of the life of the individual miner nor the promotion of the Interests of the individual mine owner or operator, but seek the development of methods that will increase the safety of all miners and will promote the upbuilding and permanence of the whole mineral industry. Yet, although the advancement of the public welfare is the primary purpose of this work, it is obvious that broad fundamental inquiries and researches cannot fail to confer benents on the individual miner and the Individual mine owner. Hence, the function of the Bureau of Mines may be defined as the conducting of inquiries and investigations that have for their purpose the improvement of health conditions, and the increase of safety, efficiency and economic development in the mining, quarrying, metallurgical and miscellaneous mineral industries of the country. KILLED. NUMBER OF MEN EMPLOYED AND NUMBER OF MEN KILLED AND INJURED IN DAND ABOUT ALL MINES AND QUARRIES IN THE UNITED STATES DURING 1912. SERIOUSLY INJURED. SLIGHTLY INJURED. Per Per Total. 1,000 Em- Total. 1,000 Em- Total. ployed. ployed. 7.95 26.61 MINE. Quarries. Coal minès. Metal mines. Totals.. Employed, 113,105 722,662 169,199 213 2,360 661 1.88 3.27 3.91 899 4,502 Per During the first six months of 1913 fatalities in and about coal mines were 1316; for corresponding period in 1914, 1,260. During the calendar year 1913 there were 2,785 men killed in and about the coal mines of the United States. Based on an output of 570,048,125 short tons of coal produced by 747,644 men, the number of men killed for every 1,000,000 tons of coal mined was 4.89, and the death rate per 1,000 employed was 3.73. In 1913 the number of men killed was 425 more than in 1912, representing an increase of 18 per cent. There were 204,685 tons of coal mined for each man killed in 1913, as compared with 226,469 fn 1912. In making comparisons with the figures for 1912, it must be borne in mind that during the month of April, 1912, many of the mines throughout the United States were closed pending wage settlements, and during that month only 81 men were killed, as compared with 285 men killed during the same month in 1913, when the mines were in full operation. During the year there were 8 mine disasters in which 5 or more men were killed, representing a total of 464 fatalities, as compared with 13 similar disasters in 1912, wherein 252 men were killed. Although the number of lives lost in the disasters of 1913 was larger than in the previous year, the number of mine disasters was reduced by 38 per cent. Statisties concerning injuries in coal mines not collated since 1911. NUMBER OF MEN KILLED IN AND ABOUT THE COAL MINES IN THE UNITED STATES IN THE CALENDAR YEARS 1908 TO 1913, INCLUSIVE, WITH DEATH RATES. **** 1 NATURALIZATION. THE following paraphrase and condensation of the naturalization laws of the United States have been revised by the Commissioner of Naturalization of the Department of Labor, and includes such minor changes in the law as were provided by the recent amendments embodied in the acts of Congress, approved June 25, 1910, and June 30, 1914. The following courts alone have the power to naturalize allens: United States District Courts now existing, or which may hereafter be established by Congress in any State, United States District Courts for the Territories of Hawall and Alaska, also all courts of record in any State or Territory now existing, or which may hereafter be created, having a seal, a clerk and jurisdiction in actions at law or equity, or law and equity, in which the amount in controversy is unlimited. The power to naturalize, conferred upon the above mentioned courts, is limited to persons residing within the geographical limits over which their respective jurisdiction extends. DECLARATION OF INTENTION. Any allen who is a white person, or of African nativity or African descent, is required, if he desires to become naturalized, to file a declaration of intention in the clerk's office of any court having Jurisdiction over the place in which he lives, and such declaration may not be filed until the allen has reached the age of eighteen years. This declaration must contain information as to the name, age, occupation, time and place of arrival in the United States, and must further show that it is the declarant's bona fide intention to become a citizen of the United States and to renounce forever all allegiance and fidelity to any foreign prince, potentate, state or sovereignty, and particularly to the one of which he may be at the time a citizen or subject. Allens of the age of twenty-one years and upward, who have been honorably discharged from service in the armies of the United States, either regular or volunteer, are not required to make a declaration of intention. Any allen, of the age of twenty-one years and upward, who has served five consecutive years in the United States Navy or one enlistment in the United States Marine Corps, may be admitted to citizenship without any previous declaration of intention. Under the act approved June 30, 1914, any allen of the age of twenty-one years and upward, who may under existing law become a citizen, who has served one enlistment of not less than four years in the United States Navy or Marine Corps, or who has completed four years in the Revenue Cutter Service, and received an honorable discharge or an ordinary discharge with recommendation for re-enlistment, or has completed four years of honorable service in the naval auxillary service, is admissible to citizen ship, upon his petition, without a previous declaration of Intention, and without proof of residence on shore. The widow and children who are under age at the time that an allen who has made his declaration of Intention has died, without having secured a certificate of naturalization, are also exempted from the necessity of filing a declaration of intention. By act of June 25, 1910, any person who on May 1, 1905, was an Inhabitant for five years and qualified to become a citizen of the United States and who for the five years preceding May 1, 1910, had resided in the United States continuously and who, because of misinformation in regard to his citizenship, had in good faith exer cised the rights and duties of a citizen of the United States because of wrongful information and bell ef, may, upon proof of these facts satisfactory to a court having Jurisdiction to naturalize allens, petition for naturalization without filing the required declaration of intention upon compliance with the other requirements of the law. PETITIONS FOR NATURALIZATION. Not less than two years after an allen has filed his declaration of Intention, and after not less than five years' continuous residence in the United States, he may file a petition for citizenship in any one of the courts above stated which has jurisdiction over the place in which he resides, provided he has lived at least one year continuously, immediately prior to the filing of such petition, in the State or Territory in which such place is located. This petition must be signed by the petitioner in his own handwriting and shall give his full name, place of residence, occupation, place of birth and the date thereof, the place from which he emigrated, and the date and place of his arrival in the United States. If such arrival occurred subsequent to the passage of the act of June 29, 1906, he must secure a certificate from the Department of Labor showing the fact of such arrival and the date and place thereof, for filing with the clerk of the court to be attached to his petition. If he is married he must state the name of his wife and, if possible, the country of her nativity and her place of residence at the time of the filing of his petition, and, if he has children, the name, date and place of birth and present place of residence of each living child. The petition must set forth that he is not a disbeliever in or opposed to organized govern ment, or a member of or amliated with any organization or body of persons teaching disbelief in or opposition to organized government; that he is not a polygamist or a bellever in the practice of polygamy, and that he absolutely and forever renounces all allegiance and Adelity to any foreign country of which he may, at the time of filing such petition, be a citizen or subject. This petition must be verified at the time it is filed by the affidavit of two credible witnesses, who are citizens of the United States and who shall state that they have known the petitioner during his entire residence (not exceeding five years) in the State in which the petition is filed, which must be not less than one year, and that they have known him to be a resident of the United States continuously during the five years immediately preceding the filing of the petition: that during such time he acted as a man of good moral character, attached to the principles of the Constitution of the United States and well disposed to the good order and happiness of the same. If a portion of the five years has been passed by the petitioner in some other State than that in which he resides at the time of filing his petition the amdavit of the witnesses may verify so much of the petitioner's residence as has been passed in the State (not less than one year), and the portion of said five years' residence out of the State may be shown by depositions at the time of hearing on the petition. No petition may be heard until the expiration of at least ninety days after it is filed nor within thirty days preceding a general election. At the hearing upon a petition, which shall be at a date fixed by order of the court, the witnesses are required to again attend and testify in open court so that the Judge or Judges thereof may be satisfied that the petitioner is qualified and that he has complied with all the requirements of the law. Any allen who has borne an hereditary title or been a member of an order or nobility must renounce such title or position expressly before becoming naturalized. No allen may become naturalized, if physically capable, who does not speak the English language. Allens who are admitted to citizenship by order in open court will be required to take the oath of allegiance and thereafter will be entitled to a certificate of naturalization. The law also provides as to those persons, who though not citizens owe permanent allegiance to the United States, and who may become citizens of any State or organized Territory of the United States, that they may be naturalized upon compliance with all the requirements of the law, except that they will not be called upon to renounce allegiance to any foreign sovereignty. At the time of filing his declaration of Intention an allen is required to pay to the clerk of the court a fee of one dollar. At the time of filing a petition for naturalization a petitioner is required to pay to the clerk of the court a fee of four dollars. This latter fee is for the cost of recording the petition and hearing the case, as well as for the issuance, if the petition is granted, of the certificate of naturalization. CHINESE. The naturalisation of Chinamen is expressly prohibited by Sec. 14, Chap. 126, Laws of 1882. / The National Pure Food Law. THE NATIONAL PURE FOOD LAW. THE Pure Food act, approved June 30, 1906, is entitled "An act for preventing the manufacture, sale, or transportation of adulterated or misbranded or poisonous or deleterious foods, drugs, medicines and liquors, and for regulating traffic therein, and for other It took effect by its terms on January 1, 1907. purposes." The first section of the act makes it unlawful for any person to manufacture within the District of Columbia or any Territory any article of food or drug which is adulterated or misbranded, under a penalty not to exceed $500, or one year's imprisonment, or both, at the discretion of the court, for the first offence, and not less than $1,000 or one year's imprisonment, or both, for each subsequent offence. Sec. 2 of the act makes it applicable to food or drugs introduced into any State from any other State, and from or to any foreign country Sec. 3. That the Secretary of the Treasury, the Secretary of Agriculture, and the Secretary of Commerce and Labor shall make uniform rules and regulations for carrying out the provisions of this act. including the collection and examination of specimens of foods and drugs manufactured or offered for sale in the District of Columbia, or in any Territory of the United States. or which shall be offered for sale in unbroken packages in any State other than that in which they shall have been respectively manufactured or produced, or which shall be received from any foreign country, or intended for shipment to any foreign country, or which may be submitted for examination by the chief health, food, or drug officer of any State, Territory, or the District of Columbia, or at any domestic or foreign port through which such product is offered for interstate commerce, or for export or import between the United States and any foreign port or country. Sec. 4. That the examinations of specimens of foods and drugs shall be made in the Bureau of Chemistry of the Department of Agriculture, or under the direction and supervision of such bureau, for the purpose of determining from such examinations whether such articles are adulterated or misbranded within the meaning of this act; and if it shall appear from any such examination that any of such specimens is adulterated or misbranded within the meaning of this act, the Secretary of Agriculture shall cause notice thereof to be given to the party from whom such sample was Any party so notified shall be given an opportunity to be heard, under such obtained. rules and regulations as may be prescribed as aforesaid, and if it appears that any of the provisions of this act have been violated by such party, then the Secretary of Agriculture shall at once certify the facts to the proper United States District-Attorney, with a copy of the results of the analysis or the examination of such article duly authenticated by the analyst or officer making such examination, under the oath After judgment of the court, notice shall be given by publication in of such officer. such manner as may be prescribed by the rules and regulations aforesaid. That it shall be the duty of each District Attorney to whom the Secretary Sec. 5. of Agriculture shall report any violation of this act, or to whom any health or food or drug cfficer or agent of any State, Territory, or the District of Columbia shall present satisfactory evidence of any such violation, to cause appropriate proceedings to be commenced and prosecuted in the proper courts of the United States, without delay, for the enforcement of the penalties as in such case herein provided. The sections descriptive of the articles which come within the scope of the act are as follows: "Sec. 6. That the term 'drug,' as used in this act, shall include all medicines and preparations recognized in the United States Pharmacopoeia or National Formulary for internal or external use, and any substance or mixture of substances intended to be used for the cure, mitigation or prevention of disease of either man or other animals. The term 'food,' as used herein, shall include all articles used for food, drink, confectionery or condiment by man or other animals, whether simple, mixed or compound. "Sec. 7. That for the purposes of this act an article shall be deemed to be aduiterated:" In the case of drugs: First. If, when a drug is sold under or by a name recognized in the United States Pharmacopoeia or National Formulary, it differs from the standard of strength, quality or purity, as determined by the test laid down in the United States Pharmacopoeia or National Formulary official at the time of investigation: Provided, That no drug defined in the United States Pharmacopoeia or National Formulary shall be deemed to be adulterated under this provision if the standard of strength, quality or purity be plainly stated upon the bottle, box or other container thereof, although the standard may differ from that determined by the test laid down in the United States Pharmacopoeia or National Formulary. "Second. If this strength or purity fall below the professed standard or quality under which it is sold." In the case of confectionery: "If it contain terra alba, barytes, talc, chrome yellow, or other mineral substance or poisonous color or flavor, or other ingredient deleterious or detrimental to health, or any vinous, malt or spirituous liquor or compound or narcotic drug." In the case of food: "First. If any substance has been mixed and packed with it so as to reduce, or lower, or injuriously affect its quality or strength. "Second. If any substance has been substituted wholly or in part for the article. Third. If any valuable constituent of the article has been wholly or in part extracted. "Fourth. If it be mixed, colored, powdered, coated, or stained in a manner whereby damage or inferiority is concealed. Provided, That when in the preparation of "Fifth. If it contain any added poisonous or other added déleterious ingredient which may render such article injurious to health: food products for shipment they are preserved by any external application applied in such manner that the preservative is necessarily removed mechanically, or by maceration in water, or otherwise, and directions for the removal of said preservatives shall be printed on the covering of the package, the provisions of this act shall be construed as applying only when said products are ready for consumption. "Sixth. If it consists in whole or in part of a filthy, decomposed, or putrid animal or THE NATIONAL PURE FOOD LAW-Continued. vegetable substance, or any portion of an animal unfit for food, whether manufactured or not, or if it is the product of a diseased animal, or one that has died otherwise than by slaughter. "Sec. 8. That the term 'misbranded,' used herein, shall apply to all drugs, or articles, or food, or articles which enter into the composition of food, the package or label of which shall bear any statement, design, or device regarding such article, or the ingredients or substances contained therein which shall be false or misleading in any particular, and to any food or drug product which is falsely branded as to the State, Territory, or country in which it is manufactured or produced. "That for the purposes of this act an article shall also be deemed to be misbranded." In the case of drugs: "First. If it be an imitation of or offered for sale under the name of another article. "Second. If the contents of the package as originally put up shall have been removed, in whole or in part, and other contents shall have been placed in such package. or if the package fail to bear a statement on the label of the quantity or proportion of any alcohol, morphine, opium, cocaine, heroin. alpha or beta eucaine. chloroform. cannabis indica. chloral hydrate or acetanilide, or any derivative or preparation of any such substances contained therein. "Third. If its package or label shall bear or contain any statement, design, or device regarding the curative or therapeutic effect of such article or any of the ingredients or substances contained therein, which is false and fraudulent." In the case of food: "First. If it be an imitation of or offered for sale under the distinctive name of another article. "Second. If it be labelled or branded so as to deceive or mislead the purchaser, or purport to be a foreign product when not so, or if the contents of the package as originally put up shall have been removed in whole or in part and other contents shall have been placed in such package, or if it fail to bear a statement on the label of the quantity or proportion of any morphine, opium, cocaine, heroin, alpha or beta eucaine. chloroform, cannabis indica, chloral hydrate, or acetanilide, or any derivative or preparation of any such substance contained therein. "Third. If in package form. the quantity of the contents be not plainly and conspicuously marked on the outside of the package in terms of weight, measure, or nu merical count: Provided, however, That reasonable variations shall be permitted, and tolerances and also exemptions as to small packages shall be established by rules and (The act regulations made in accordance with the provisions of Section 3 of this act. of March 3, 1913, provides that no penalty of fine, imprisonment, or confiscation shall be enforced for any violation of its provisions as to domestic products prepared or foreign products imported prior to eighteen months after its passage.) "Fourth. If the package containing it or its label shall bear any statement, design or device regarding the ingredients or the substances contained therein, which statement, design or device shall be false or misleading. in any particular: Provided. That an article of food which does not contain any added poisonous or deleterious ingredients shall not be deemed to be adulterated or misbranded in the following cases: "First. In the case of mixtures or compounds which may be now or from time to time hereafter known as articles of food, under their own distinctive names, and not an imitation of or offered for sale under the distinctive name of another article, if the name be accompanied on the same label or brand with a statement of the place where said article has been manufactured or produced. "Second. In the case of articles labelled, branded or tagged so as to plainly indiblends, and the word compound. cate that they are compounds, imitations or imitation' or 'blend,' as the case may be, is plainly stated on the package in which it is offered for sale: Provided. That the term blend' as used herein shall be construed to mean a mixture of like substances, not excluding harmless coloring or flavoring inAnd provided further, gredients used for the purpose of coloring and flavoring only: That nothing in this act shall be construed as requiring or compelling proprietors or manufacturers of proprietary foods which contain no unwholesome added ingredients to disclose their trade formulas, except in so far as the provisions of this act may require to secure freedom from adulteration or misbranding. "Sec. 9. That no dealer shall be prosecuted under the provisions of this act, when he can establish a guaranty signed by the wholesaler. jobber. manufacturer or other party residing in the United States, from whom he purchases such articles. to the effect that the same is not adulterated or misbranded within the meaning of this act, designating it." The remaining provisions of the act provide the methods of prosecuting offenders and destroying goods imported or offered for import which are adulterated or falsely labelled. SUMMARY OF RESULTS. (Bureau of Chemistry, Carl L. Alsberg. Chief, Washington, D. C.) The inspection force of the Bureau of Chemistry collected more than 10.000 offical samples of foods and drugs during the fiscal year of 1913, and many additional samples for investigating purposes relating to the enforcement of the law. ABOLISHING GUARANTY LEGEND AND SERIAL NUMBER ON FOOD AND DRUGS. (Announcement of United States Department of Agriculture.) The legend "Garanteed under the Food and Drugs act" is held to be misleading and deceptive, and the use of a serial number on food and drugs is prohibited after May 1, 1915, by a food inspection decision signed May 5. 1914. by the Secretaries, of the Treasury. Agriculture and Commerce. The new regulation will take effect May 1, 1915, in order to give manufacturers an opportunity to use up their present stocks of labels, After that date guaranties of compliance with the law should be given by manufacturers directly to dealers, and should be incorporated in the invoice or bill of This guaranty should not appear on the label or sale specifying the goods covered. package of the product. UNITED STATES INTERNAL REVENUE RECEIPTS. SUMMARY OF INTERNAL REVENUE RECEIPTS FROM 1906 TO 1914, INCLUSIVE. FISCAL YEARS. 1906.. 1907 1908.. 1909 1910 Tobacco. Fermented Spirits. 134,868,034 51,887,178 57,456,411 Income FISCAL YEARS. 1911. 1912. 1913.... 1914. Tobacco. Income Fermented Of the miscellaneous receipts received in 1914 (total $1,136,070), $714,307 was from playing cards, and 8284,501 from penalties, etc. Receipts from oleomargarine $1,325,219, from corporation excise tax $10,671,077. (a) Including $170,779 from sale of internal revenue stamps affixed to Philippine products, as provided for in the act of August 5, 1909. Income tax from corporations $32,456,662, from individuals $28,253,534. INCOME TAX ON INDIVIDUALS. AGGREGATE OF COLLECTIONS BY DISTRICTS AND BY STATES AND TERRITORIES. Individual income tax was computed upon five-sixths of net incomes accruing for the calendar year 1913. The collections from this source as classified to conform to provisions of the act were as follows: $100,000 and not more than $250,000... $3,835,948. 40 250,000 and not more than 500,000.. 2,334,582.95 Income tax, normal.. 500,000.. Offers in compromise, etc............. Supplemental statement showing the receipts under act of August 5, 1909, and of section 2 of the act of October 3, 1913, during the fiscal year ended June 30, 1914. Nors Alabama and Mississippi comprise the district of Alabama; Colorado and Wyoming, the district of Colorado; Connecticut and Rhode Island, the district of Connecticut; Maryland, Delaware, District of Columbia, and the counties of Accomac and Northampton, Va., the district of Maryland; Montana, Idaho, and Utah, the district of Montana; New Hampshire, Majne, and Vermont, the district of New Hampshire; New Mexico and Arizona, the district of New Mexico; North Dakota and South Dakota, the district of North and South Dakota; Washington and Alaska, the district of Washington; Nevada forms a part of the first district of California, and South Carolina a part of the fourth district of North Carolina until September 1, 1913, when at was re-established as a separate collection district. |