& ὄνομα, nomen ; as, Abiit, exceffit, evafit, erupit; Cic. Cat. 2. Promitto, recipioque, spondeoque; Cic. Philip. 4. Quicunque ubique funt, qui fuere, quique futuri funt pofthac, ftulti, ftolidi, fatui, fungi, bardi, blenni, buccones, folus ego omnes longè anteco Stultitia & indoctis moribus; Mar. If Sentences are Synonymous, 'tis call'd EXERGASIA, or EPEXERGASIA, Elaborate Accuracy; as, Que tua mens, oculi, ardor animi? quid cupiebas? quid optabas? Cic. pro Lig. Quem fi fata virum fervant; fi vefcitur aura Ætherea; nec adbuc crudelibus occubat umbris; Non metus-&c. Virg. Æn. 1. See also Ifa. xix. 8. Pfalm xviii. 2. Prov. i. 20. Prov. ii. 2. Prov. iv. 14, 15. Prov. xxx. 14. &c. Pfalm xxxv. 1, 2, 3. Jonas ii. 3, 4, 5, &c. N. Some Rhetoricians add these Turns or REPETITIONS of less Note. 1. ANTIMETABOLE, or ANTIMETATHESIS, that is, Commutation, from ἀντὶ, contra, & μεταβάλλω, muto; which is often a kind of Epanados; as, Poema est pictura loquens; mutum pictura poema; Hor. Inter viros fæmina, inter fæminas vir. Verè dici potest, Magiftratum effe Legem loquentem, Legem autem mutum Magiftratum; Cic. de Leg. See 2 Cor. xii. 14. John xv. 16. Rom. vii. 19. 1 Cor. xi. 8, 9. Matth. ii. 27. &c. 2. PARADIASTOLE, a ContraDistinction, from παρά, & διας έλλω, diftinguo, which is often a kind of Paranomasia; as, Premitur Virtus non opprimitur. Non formofus erat, fed erat facundus Ulyffes; Ovid. Non enim furem sed direptorem; non adulterum fed expugnatorem pudicitie; Cic. in Ver. Non fapiens sed aftutus. See 2 Cor. iv. 8, 9. 1 Cor. vii. 10. 1 Cor. iv. 19. &c. 3. PARECHESIS, Sounding alike, from παρό, juxta, & ἠχέω, fono, a kind of Paronomafia repeating the fame Syllable over again; as, O fortunatam natam me confule Romam; Cic. Palla Pallorem Pallorem incutit; Plaut. 'Tis also call'd PAROMOION, Likeness of Sound. -N. PARATHESIS is a Grammatical Figure, putting one Word to explain another; as, Lupum [Piscem] non vidit Italia. 4. EPIMONE, Perfisting in the fame Words, from όλιμθύω, permaneo ; as, This of Virgil, Ecl. 8. Incipe Menalios mecum mea Tibia Versus. Ducite ab Urbe domum mea Carmina ducite Daphnim: repeated eight times. And this of Theocritus, Idyl. 1. repeated fourteen times, "Αρχελε Βωκολικᾶς Μῶσαι φίλαι, ἄρχετ ̓ ἀοιδᾶς. See Gen. xviii. 24, &c. John xxi. 15. Matth. xii. 31, 32. Mark vii. 21, 22, 23. &c. 5. MESARCHIA, Middle and Beginning alike, from μέσο, medius, & ἀρχή, principium; as, Scelus eft Jason genitor, & majus Scelus Medea mater; Sen. Utere lactucis, & mollibus utere malvis; Hor. 6. MESOTELEUΤΟΝ, Middle and End alike, from μέσο, medius, & τελώτὴ, finis; as, Hæc navis onusta prædâ, cum ipsa quoque effet præda; Cic. Virgini placeat pudor, paterque placeat; Sen. Med. 7. MESODIPLOSIS, Doubling a Word in the Middle of two Sentences, from μέσο, medius, & διπλόω, duplico; call'd alfo MESOPHONIA, founding alike in the Middle, from μέσα; & φωνέω, fono; as, Quem dies vidit veniens fuperbum: Hunc dies vidit fugiens jacentem. 8. TAUTOTES, frequent Repetition of the fame Word, from τ' αὐτὰ, eadem; as, Qui cavet ne decipiatur, vix cavet, cùm etiam cavet ; etiam cum cavisse ratus eft, fæpe is Cautor captus eft. &c. U. In THE USE OF REPETITIONS or Turns, obferve that All TURNS should give a Luftre to Discourse, Must raise new Thoughts, or grace with Music's Force. PART PART IV. SECT. І. Of PRONUNCIATION, or, The What is Pronunciation? What are the Parts of Pronunciation? In the Delivery of an Oration, what is to be observ'd as to Voice? What is to be obferv'd as to Action? Upon the Whole, What must be done to make ourselves acceptable Orators? §. 2. Perufe, conftrue, or translate (if you please) the following Precepts and Hints concerning Pronunciation, Voice, and Action. §. 3. Make Trial in gracefully and properly delivering some or all of the annex'd Sentences, Orations, &c. W. d RONUNCIATION, or, Moving Delivery, which is the very Soul of all Rhetoric, confists in a due Management of the Voice and Countenance, as well as the proper Gesture of the Body and Hands, according to the Nature of the Paffion or Thing spoken of. Hence the Parts of Pronunciation are VOICE and ACTION. ! X. IN the Delivery therefore of an Oration, Vary your Tone just as your Subjects go, Y. Secondly, as to ACTION— Whatever different Points your Speech demand, InJoy,Grief, Hope,or Fear;withArt command Your Body's Gesture, Countenance, and Hand. S Z. TO CONCLUDE. Upon the Whole, If you design or hope for any Success in your ANNOTATION S. OBS. I. THE QUALI FICATIONS OF AN ORATOR. Pronunciation, confifting of Voice and Action, is so far from being reckon'd the meanest Qualification of an Orator, that, Huic primas dedisse DEMOSTHENES dicitur, cum rogaretur, quid in dicendo effet primum; huic fecundas, buic tertias; Cic. de Orat. 3. 56. Thọ indeed 'tis surprising, as the A. B. of CAMBRAY observes, to confider how much Knowledge, and how many Qualities are requir'd. An Orator, says Cicero, ought to have the Acuteness of Logicians, the Knowledge of Philofophers, the Stile almost of Poets, the Memory of Counfellors, the Elocution and Gesture of the finest Actors; Cambray's Dial. Eloq. Stev. p. 59. TULLY's Words are, In Oratore Acumen Dialectorum, Sententiæ Philofophorum, Verba propè Poetarum, Memoria Jurifconfultorum, Vox Tragedorum, Gefius pene summorum Actorum, eft requirendus. Quamobrem nihil in Hominum Genere rarius perfecto Oratore inveniri poteft; De Orat. 1. 28. OBS. II. O BE IN TO READ WELL is the firit Step towards Delivering an Oration well. In Teaching which, JULIUS CÆSAR's Reproof to a bad Reader will always be of use, Si cantas male cantas; Si legis, cantas. Let all Instructors of Youth therefore listen to QUINTILIAN on this Head- Superest Lectio, in qua Puer ut fciat, ubi suspendero spiritum debeat, quo your Arguments, or would render yourselves acceptable Orators Adorn with TROPES and FIGURES your Oration, ByVOICE and ACTION grace Pronunciation. Now since Practice is much more prevalent, efficacious, and instructive than bare Precepts, I have annex'd the following Examples of Sentences, Orations, Declamations, Themes, &c. from Scripture and the Claffics, for the sedulous Student to exercise himself in this last Part of Rhetoric, after having just caft his Eye upon the following Precepts and Hints. ΑΝΝΟΤATION S. faltem leviter, imbuantur. Illinc L2 SECT. |