R. S., 4452.

Sec. 6.

this Title [R. S., 4399-4500]; and the inspectors shall see that the boilers, machinery, and appurtenances of such vessel are not dangerous in form or workmanship, and that the safety-valves, gauge-cocks, low-water alarm-indicators, steam-gauges, and fusible plugs are all attached in conformity to law; and the officers navigating such vessels shall be licensed in conformity with the provisions of this Title, and shall be subject to the same provisions of law as officers navigating passenger-steamers.

Whenever any board of local inspectors refuses to grant Mar. 3, 1905. a license to any person applying for the same, or suspends or revokes the license of any master, mate, engineer, or pilot, any person deeming himself wronged by such refusal, suspension, or revocation, may, within thirty days thereof, on application to the supervising inspector of the district, have his case examined anew by such supervising inspector; and the local board shall furnish to the supervising inspector, in writing, the reasons for its doings in the premises; and such supervising inspector shall examine the case anew, and he shall have the same powers to summon witnesses and compel their attendance and to administer oaths that are conferred on local inspectors; and such witnesses and the marshal shall be paid in the same manner as provided for by the preceding section; and such supervising inspector may revoke, change, or modify the decision of such local board; and like proceedings may be had by any master or owner of any steam vessel in relation to the inspection of such vessel, or her boilers or machinery, by any such local board; and in case of repairs, and in any investigation or inspection, where there shall be a disagreement between the local inspectors, the supervising inspector, when so requested, shall investigate and decide the case. In cases of trials for the revocation or suspension of an officer's license, where either the license has been revoked or suspension for more than six months has been made, and such action has been affirmed by the supervising inspector, the officer whose license is in question may have the case examined anew by the Supervising Inspector-General, who shall have the same powers to summon witnesses, to compel their attendance, and to administer oaths as are conferred on local inspectors, and the Supervising Inspector-General may revoke, change, or modify said decisions. Application for such reexamination of the case shall be made to the Supervising Inspector-General within thirty days after final decision by the supervising inspector.

R. S., 4453.

Sec. 2.

In addition to the annual inspection, the local inspectMar. 3, 1905. ors shall examine, at proper times, steamers arriving and departing to and from their respective ports, so often as to enable them to detect any neglect to comply with the requirements of law, and also any defects or imperfections becoming apparent after the inspection aforesaid, and tending to render the navigation of the vessels un

safe; and if they shall discover any omission to comply with the law, or that repairs have become necessary to make the vessel safe, the inspectors shall at once notify the master, in writing, stating in the notice what is required; and if the master deems the requirements unreasonable or unnecessary, he may apply for a reexamination of the case to the supervising inspector, as provided in the preceding section. All inspections and orders for repairs shall be promptly made by the inspectors, and, when it can be safely done in their judgment, they shall permit repairs to be made where those interested can most conveniently do them. And whenever any local inspector or supervising inspector ascertains to his satisfaction that any vessel, subject to the provisions of this title, has been or is being navigated or operated without complying with the terms of the vessel's certificate of inspection regarding the number and class of licensed officers and crew, or without complying with the provisions of law and her said certificate as to the number or kind of lifesaving or fire-fighting apparatus, or without maintaining in good and efficient condition her lifeboats, fire pumps, fire hose, and life-preservers, or that for any other reason said vessel can not be operated with safety to life, the said local or supervising inspector shall order the owner or master of said vessel to correct such unlawful conditions, and may require that the vessel at once cease navigating and be submitted to reinspection; and in case the said orders of such inspector shall not at once be complied with, the said inspector shall revoke the said vessel's certificate of inspection and shall immediately give to the owner, master, or agent of said vessel notice, in writing, of such revocation; and no new certificate of inspection shall be again issued to her until the provisions of this title [R. S., 4399-4500] have been complied with. Any vessel subject to the provisions of this title [R. S., 4399-4500] operating or navigating or attempting to operate or navigate after the revocation of her certificate of inspection and before the issuance of a new certificate, shall, upon application by the inspector to any district court of the United States having jurisdiction, and by proper order or action of said court in the premises, be seized summarily by way of libel and held without privilege of release by bail or bond until a proper certificate of inspection shall have been issued to said vessel: Provided, That the master or owner of any vessel whose certificate shall have been so revoked may within thirty days after receiving notice of such revocation appeal to the Secretary of Commerce and Labor for a reexamination of the case, and upon such appeal the said Secretary shall have power to revise, modify, or set aside such action of the local or supervising inspector and direct the issuance to such vessel of her original certificate or of a new certificate of inspection; and in case the said Secre

R. S., 4454.

R. S., 4491.

tary shall so direct the issuance of a certificate, all judicial process against said vessel based on this section shall thereupon be of no further force or effect, and the vessel shall thereupon be released.

If any master or owner of any steamer shall refuse or neglect to comply with the requirements of the local inspectors, made in pursuance of the preceding section, and shall, contrary thereto and while the same remains unreversed by the supervising inspector, employ the vessel by navigating her, the master and owner shall be liable to a penalty of five hundred dollars for each offense, one-half for the use of the informer; for which sum the vessel itself shall be liable, and may be seized and proceeded against by libel in any district court having jurisdiction; and the master and owner, and the vessel itself, shall, in addition thereto, be liable for any damage to passengers and their baggage which shall occur from any defects as stated in the notice prescribed in the preceding section.

No kind of instrument, machine, or equipment, for the better security of life, provided for by this Title [R. S., 4399-4500] shall be used on any steam-vessel which shall Feb. 14, 1903. not first be approved by the board of supervising inspectors, and also by the Secretary of Commerce and Labor. 126. Inspection of registered foreign-built vessels.

Sec. 10.

Mar. 3, 1897.
Sec. 14.

Feb. 14, 1903.
Sec. 10.

R. S., 4463.

The Secretary of Commerce and Labor be, and he is hereby, authorized to direct the inspection of any foreign vessel, admitted to American registry, its steam boilers, steam pipes, and appurtenances, and to direct the issue of the usual certificate of inspection, whether said boilers, steam pipes, and appurtenances are or are not constructed pursuant to the laws of the United States, or whether they are or are not constructed of iron stamped pursuant to said laws. The tests in the inspection of such boilers, steam pipes, and appurtenances shall be the same in all respects as to strength and safety as are required in the inspection of boilers constructed in the United States for marine purposes.

127. Manning of steam passenger vessels.

No steamer carrying passengers shall depart from any port unless she shall have in her service a full complement of licensed officers and full crew, sufficient at all times to manage the vessel, including the proper number of watchmen. But if any such vessel, on her voyage, is deprived of the services of any licensed officer, without the consent, fault, or collusion of the master, owner, or any person interested in the vessel, the deficiency may be temporarily supplied, until others licensed can be obtained.

128. Inspection of hulls and equipment.

[See Seaworthiness, paragraph 113, page 97.]

129. Inspection of boilers.

Mar. 3, 1905.

The local inspectors shall also inspect the boilers and R. S., 4418. their appurtenances in all steam vessels before the same shall be used, and once at least in every year thereafter, and shall subject all boilers to the hydrostatic pressure. All such vessels shall comply with the following requirements, namely: That the boilers are well made, of good and suitable material; that the openings for the passage of water and steam, respectively, and all pipes and tubes exposed to heat, are of proper dimensions and free from obstructions; that the spaces between and around the flues are sufficient; that flues, boilers, furnaces, safety valves, fusible plugs, low-water indicators, feed-water apparatus, gauge cocks, steam gauges, water and steam pipes connecting boilers, means of prevention of sparks and flames from fire doors, low-water gauges, means of removing mud and sediment from boilers, and all other such machinery and appurtenances thereof, are of such construction, shape, condition, arrangement, and material that the same may be safely employed in the service proposed without peril to life; and the local inspectors shall satisfy themselves by thorough examination that said requirements of law and regulations in regard thereto have been fully complied with. All boilers used on steam vessels and constructed of iron or steel plates, inspected under the provisions of section forty-four hundred and thirty, shall be subjected to a hydrostatic test, in the ratio of one hundred and fifty pounds to the square inch to one hundred pounds to the square inch of the working steam power allowed. No boiler or flue pipe, nor any of the connections therewith, shall be approved, which is made, in whole or in part, of bad material, or is unsafe in its form, or dangerous from defective workmanship, age, use, or other cause.

In applying the directions of the preceding section R. S., 4420. [4418] to steamboats used exclusively for towing and carrying freight on the Mississippi River and its tributaries, the local inspectors shall substitute, for such boats, one hundred and fifty pounds of steam pressure in place of one hundred and ten pounds for the standard pressure upon standard boilers of forty-two inches diameter, and of plates of one-quarter of an inch in thickness; and such boats may, on the written permit of the supervising inspector of the district in which such boats shall carry on their business, be permitted to carry steam above the standard pressure of one hundred and ten pounds, but not exceeding the standard pressure of one hundred and fifty pounds, to the square inch.

One of the safety-valves may, if in the opinion of the R. S., 4419. local inspectors it is necessary to do so, and the steam

registers shall, be taken wholly from the control of all

R. S., 4428.

R. S., 4429.

persons engaged in navigating such vessels and secured by the inspectors.

Every boiler manufactured to be used on steam-vessels, and made of iron or steel plates shall be constructed of plates that have been stamped in accordance with the provisions of this Title [R. S., 4399-4500].

Every person who constructs a boiler, or steam-pipe connecting the boilers, to be used on steam-vessels, of iron or steel plates which have not been duly stamped and inspected according to the provisions of this Title [R. S., 4399-4500], or who knowingly uses any defective, bad, or faulty iron or steel in the construction of such boilers; or who drifts any rivet-hole to make it come fair; or who delivers any such boiler for use, knowing it to be imperfect in its flues, flanging, riveting, bracing, or in any other of its parts, shall be fined one thousand dollars, one-half for the use of the informer. Nothing in this Title shall be so construed as to prevent from being used, on any steamer, any boiler or steam-generator which may not be constructed of riveted iron or steel plates, when the board of supervising inspectors have satisfactory evidence that such boiler or steam-generator is equal in strength, and as safe from explosion, as a boiler of the best quality conAug. 7, 1882. structed of riveted iron or steel plates: Provided, however, That the Secretary of Commerce and Labor may grant permission to use any boiler or steam-generator not constructed of riveted iron or steel plates upon the certificate of the supervising inspector of steamboats for the district wherein such boiler or generator is to be used, and other satisfactory proof that the use of the same is safe and efficient; said permit to be valid until the next regular meeting of the supervising inspectors who shall act thereon.

Feb. 14, 1903. Sec. 10.

R. S., 4430.

Feb. 14, 1903.
Sec. 10.

Jan. 22, 1894.

Sec. 10.

Every iron or steel plate used in the construction of steamboat-boilers, and which shall be subject to a tensile strain, shall be inspected in such manner as shall be prescribed by the board of supervising inspectors and approved by the Secretary of Commerce and Labor, so as to enable the inspectors to ascertain its tensile strength, homogeneousness, toughness, and ability to withstand the effect of repeated heating and cooling; and no iron or steel plate shall be used in the construction of such boilers which has not been inspected and approved under those rules.

And the Supervising Inspector-General may, under the Feb. 14, 1903. direction of the Secretary of Commerce and Labor, detail assistant inspectors from any local inspection district where assistant inspectors are employed, to inspect iron or steel boiler plates at the mills where the same are manufactured; and if the plates are found in accordance with the rules of the supervising inspectors, the assistant inspector shall stamp the same with the initials of his name,