6. America is at this day that country, of the whole world, where the sovereignty of Democracy is most practical and complete; and it is at the same time that where the doctrines of the Socialists, which you pretend to find so much in accordance with Democracy, are the least in vogue; the country, of the whole universe, where the men sustaining those doctrines would have the least chance of making an impression. For myself personally, I do not see, I confess, any great objection to the emigration of these proselyting gentlemen to America; but I warn them that they will not find there any field for their labors.

7. No, gentlemen, Democracy and Socialism are the antipodes of each other. While Democracy extends the sphere of individual independence, Socialism contracts it. Democracy develops a man's whole manhood, Socialism makes him an agent, an instrument, a cipher. Democracy and Socialism assimilate on one point only, -the equality which they introduce; but mark the difference: Democracy seeks equality in liberty, while Socialism seeks it in servitude and constraint.

LXXVII.

IAGO AND OTHELLO.

SHAKESPEARE.

The following dialogue is from the third scene of the third act of the trage dy of Othello. The villain Iago, after having, in a previous scne (Lee pige 234), enticed Cassio into drunkenness, and then persuaded him to beg the virtuous Desdemona, Othello's wife, to intercede for him (Cassio) with her husband, here artfully begins to provoke Othello's jealousy of the innocent Cassio.

See in Index, FINELESS, REVOLT, IAGO, SHAKE PEARE

Iago. My noble lord

Oth. What dost thou say, Iago?

Iago. Did Michael Cassio, when you wooed my lady,
Know of your love?

Oth. He did, from first to last. Why dost thou ask?
Iago. But for a satisfaction of my thought;

No further harm.

Oth. Why of thy thought, Iago?

Iago. I did not think he had been acquainted with her.

Oth. O yes; and went between us very oft.

Iago. Indeed?

Oth. Indeed! ay, indeed: discern'st thou aught in that? Is he not honest?

Iago. Honest, my lord?

Oth. Ay, honest.

Iago. My lord, for aught I know.

Oth. What dost thou think?

Iago. Think, my lord?

Oth. Think, my lord! Thou echo'st me,
As if there were some monster in thy thought
Too hideous to be shown. Thou dost mean something:
I heard thee say but now, thou lik'dst not that,
When Cassio left my wife: what didst not like?
And, when I told thee he was of my counsel

In my whole course of wooing, thou cri'dst, "Indeed!"
And didst contract and purse thy brow together,
As if thou then hadst shut up in thy brain
Some horrible conceit. If thou dost love me,
Show me thy thought.

Iago. My lord, you know I love you.

Oth. I think thou dost:

And - for I know thou art full of love and honesty,
And weigh'st thy words before thou giv'st them breath
Therefore these stops of thine fright me the more:
For such things, in a false, disloyal knave,
Are tricks of custom; but, in a man that's just,
They are close denotements, working from the heart,
That passion cannot rule.

Tago. Men should be what they seem:

Or, those that be not, would they might seem none !
Oth. Certain, men should be what they seem.

Iago. Why, then, I think Cassio's an honest man.
Oth. Nay, yet there's more in this.—

I pray thee, speak to me as to thy thinkings,
As thou dost ruminate; and give thy worst
Of thoughts the worst of words.

Iago. Good my lord, pardon me;

Though I am bound to every act of duty,

I am not bound to that all slaves are free to.

Utter my thoughts? Why, say, they are vile and false,
As where's that palace, whereinto foul things
Sometimes intrude not?

Oth. Thou dost conspire against thy friend, Iago,
If thou but think'st him wronged, and mak'st his ear
A stranger to thy thoughts.

Though I, perchance, am vicious in my guess,

(As I confess it is my nature's plague

To spy into abuses, and oft my jealousy

Shapes faults that are not,) — that your wisdom yet,
From one that so imperfectly conceits,

Would take no notice; nor build yourself a trouble

Out of his scattering and unsure observance :
It were not for your quiet, nor your good,
Nor for my manhood, honesty, or wisdom,
To let you know my thoughts.

Oth. What dost thou mean?

Iago. Good name, in man and woman, dear my lord, Is the immediate jewel of their souls :

Who steals my purse, steals trash: 't is something, nothing; 'T was mine, 't is his, and has been slave to thousands;

But he that filches from me my good name,

Robs me of that which not enriches him,

And makes me poor indeed.

Oth. I'll know thy thoughts

Iago. You cannot, if my heart were in your hand; Nor shall not, whilst 't is in my custody.

Oth. Ha!

Iago. O, beware, my lord, of jealousy ;

It is the green-eyed monster, which doth make
The meat it feeds on.

Oth. O, misery!

Iago. Poor, and content, is rich, and rich enough; But riches, fineless, is as poor as winter,

To him that ever fears he shall be poor:

Good heaven, the souls of all my tribe defend
From jealousy!

Oth. Why! why is this?

Think'st thou, I'd make a life of jealousy,
To follow still the changes of the moon

With fresh suspicions? No; to be once in doubt,
once to be resolved.

Is

"T is not to make me jealous,

To say my wife is fair, feeds well, loves company,
Is free of speech, sings, plays, and dances well;
Where virtue is, these are more virtuous:
Nor from mine own weak merits will I draw
The smallest fear, or doubt of her revolt;
For she had eyes, and chose me. No, Iago;
I'll see, before I doubt; when I doubt, prove ;
And, on the proof, there is no more but this,
Away at once with love, or jealousy.

The following extract is from the fortieth chapter of Dickens's "Nicholas Nickleby." The style exhibits that mixture of pathos and humor which we meet with so often in the common events of life, and for his happy presentation of which Dickens has earned a merited celebrity. The colloquial passages should be made as nearly natural in the delivery as the reader's conception will allow.

See in Index, MIGNONETTE, TINY, DICKENS.

1. "A FINE morning, Mr. Linkinwater," said Nicholas, entering the office. "Ah!" replied Tim, "talk of

-

the country, indeed! What do you think of this now for a day, a London day, eh?"-"It's a little clearer out of town," said Nicholas. "Clearer?" echoed Tim Linkinwater, "you shall see it from my bed-room window."-"You shall see it from mine," replied Nicholas, with a smile.

2. "Pooh! pooh!" said Tim Linkinwater, "don't tell me. Country! Nonsense. Nonsense. What can you get in the country but new-laid eggs and flowers? I can buy new-laid eggs in Leadenhall market any morning be fore breakfast; and as to flowers, it's worth a run up stairs to smell my mignonette, or to see the doublewallflower in the back-attic window, at No. 6, in the court."

3. "There is a double-wallflower at No. 6, in the court, is there?" said Nicholas. "Yes, is there," replied Tim, "and planted in a cracked jug, without a spout. There were hyacinths there this last spring, blossoming in but you'll laugh at that of course. -"At what?"-"At their blossoming in old blacking-bottles," said Tim. "Not I, indeed," returned Nicholas.

4. Tim looked wistfully at him for a moment, as if he were encouraged by the tone of this reply to be more communicative on the subject; and sticking behind his ear a pen that he had been making, and shutting up his knife with a sharp click, said, "They belong to a sickly, bedridden, humpbacked boy, and seem to be the only pleasures, Mr. Nickleby, of his sad existence."

5. "How many years is it," continued Tim, pondering, "since I first noticed him, quite a little child, dragging himself about on a pair of tiny crutches? Well! well! not many; but though they would appear noth-. ing, if I thought of other things, they seem a long, long time, when I think of him. It is a sad thing," said Tim, breaking off, "to see a little deformed child sitting apart from other children, who are active and merry,

T