LIST OF BOOKS

Used in preparing the Story of the Saracens; together with the titles of others of value to the student of the subject.

THE general outline, by Professor Freeman, the more special essay of Deutsch (on Islam), the valuable papers by Wellhausen, Guyard, and Nöldeke, in the Encyclopædia Britannica, the chapters of Gibbon, or the article by Guyard in the "Encyclopèdie des Sciences Religieuses," will give the reader a good point of departure, from which he can proceed through the smaller volume of Muir and the sketch of Bosworth-Smith to the more exhaustive works of Caussin de Perceval, Sprenger, Weil, Muir, Müller, and others.*

Opinion on Mohammed and Islam has passed through marked changes since the present century opened, and any investigator will find it advisable. to read books presenting directly opposite views; and probably each student will formulate opinions differing from all who have gone before him, since the last word has not yet been said on the subject.

* Of encyclopædias, the reader will find that of Chambers among the most thorough in its treatment of Islam and the Saracens. Poole's "Index to Periodical Literature" gives many valuable references under the titles Arabia, Arabian Language and Literature, Arabs, Mohammed, Mohammedanism, Moors, Persia, Saracens, Spain, etc,

The history of the religion of Islam, which, from the nature of the case, has been but incidentally discussed in this volume, may be followed in all its interesting details in the books mentioned below. The variety of the list is considerable, both as to literary and historical merit. This is intentional. Some of the most valuable works are to be found in the large libraries only, while others of less merit may be had more conveniently. A book in hand though known to be not the best, is more useful than a better one that cannot be obtained.

The author desires to express his great obligations to the custodians of the Library of Harvard University, of the Boston Public Library, of the Library of Yale College, and of the Astor Library, New York, for many favors received in the investigation of authorities. The volumes which he has not been able to consult are indicated by being included between. brackets.

The orthography adopted by the authors of the following works is wonderfully various, owing to the fact that it is impossible to express the sounds of the Oriental words in Occidental letters which have no uniform values. Important information on this subject is given in an essay in the introduction to Lippincott's "Pronouncing Biographical Dictionary," page 17.

For versions of the Koran, see Lane, Lane-Poole, Kazimirski, Muir, Palmer, Rodwell, and Sale.

Abulfeda. Annales Muslemici, in Arabic and Latin. Translated by Johann Jakob Reiske, and edited by Jakob Georg Christian Adler. Copenhagen, 1789-1794. Five volumes, quarto.