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GERMAN LIBRARY

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DR. ALFRED HOLDER.

The publishing a collection of Original records of Ancient and Mediaeval Germany, irrespective of the language and dialect they are written in, needs no apology, if we keep in mind the increasing desire of the German nation to become more intimately acquainted with the life and doings of their past. A similar attempt has long and most successfully been made in the field of Classical and Foreign literature.

This series begins, as is but just, with the Germania of TACITUS, in a text-form faithfully representing the Archetype of the 8th century, the correctness of which has been corroborated by investigations of the editor, made with the aid of new manuscript materials after his revision of the year 1878.

Every deviation from the Archetype is marked by Italics. EINHART'S Life of Charlemagne is grounded on original collations with the assistance of the important materials contained in the editions of Pertz-Waitz and Jaffé-Wattenbach.

The edition of BEOWULF gives in the first number a faithful fac-simile of the manuscript (copied by the editor during a stay of four weeks in London in 1876).

All that former scholars were able to decipher, but which is now illegible, is printed in Italics. The original collation of Benjamin Thorpe of the year 1830, now in possession of the editor, has been of most important service to the latter. — Illegible individual letters are represented by an equal number of angular points, erasions are placed between round brackets.

Prof. Dr. Piper has undertaken to edit OTFRID'S Metrical Gospels, and in a short preface, to which for the sake of brevity we refer the reader, has given particulars concerning his edition. The text of IORDANIS "History of the Goths" is a faithful reconstruction on a diplomatic basis after a most thorough investigation of the original sources.

Besides the old Palatine codex destroyed by fire in 1880, but which the editor fortunately collated before that event, Parisian manuscripts have especially been consulted.

NITHARD'S History is edited according to a new collation

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The Revelations of Margaretha Ebner to Maria Medingen († 1351) are edited here for the first time, according to the Medingen manuscript of the year 1353 with reference to a manuscript of the British Museum as well as one of the library of prince Wallerstein. After them follows the correspondence of Heinrich of Nördlingen and some other mystics with Margaretha chronologically arranged, according to the above mentioned manuscript of the British Museum, which also contains the Revelations.

The Introduction gives an account of the manuscripts, their present condition, the language of these records and the lives of Margaretha and Heinrich of Nördlingen. In conclusion there is a running commentary to these writings in the form of notes.

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Koberstein-Bartsch, Outlines of the History of German Literature (I. 5th Edition, page 413) calls the "Zimmerische Chronik":,,Eine reiche Quelle für die Culturgeschichte im weitesten Sinne, Rechtsgeschichte, häusliches und öffentliches Leben, Mythologie und Volksglauben, Schwank und Novelle."

Gervinus says in the 5th edition of his History of German Poetry Vol. II, page 532:,,Seit der Veröffentlichung der Zimmerischen Chronik hat diese Seite [Hofnarren] der Lachlust des damaligen Zeitalters neue lebenvolle Illustrationen erhalten; die in absichtlicher Systematik als komische Zwischenspiele zur Ergetzlichkeit eingestreuten Allotria sind in den früheren Partien der Chronik vorzugsweise alte Sagen, in den letztern mehr Gespenster-, Spuk- und Teufelsgeschichten, in den mittlern aber, die in diesen Anfängen des 16 Jahrhunderts spielen, sind es Schwänke und schimpfliche Historien, die sich zumeist anknüpfen an professionierte Narren und,,kurzweilige Räthe", die mit Witsreden, Possenreissen und Schalkstreichen sich mit aller Welt, wie alle Welt mit ihnen, zu foppen suchen.“

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DR. ARTHUR C. BURNELL.

WHEN about going to press, we received the sad news of the death of our friend Dr. Arthur C. Burnell, which took place at his residence, West Stratton, Micheldever, on the night of the 12th of October. Dr. Burnell retired from the Indian Civil Service in consequence of suffering from an insidious disease, from which he had vainly sought relief at various Continental watering-places; he might, however, have lived for some years longer, had he not caught a cold which culminated in inflammation of the lungs, which his debilitated state prevented him from successfully combating. A memoir of Dr. Burnell by his friend Dr. R. Rost may be expected very shortly, and when it has appeared, we may have occasion to refer to it; but in the mean time we think we cannot do better than reproduce Col. H. Yule's sympathetic tribute to the memory of his departed friend, which appeared in the Times of October 20th:"The first column of The Times of Monday announced the death of Dr. Arthur Burnell, at the early age of 42. The name is not widely known to an English public, but his loss will be lamented by Oriental scholars all over Europe. It may be safely said that he was the most eminent scholar whose name has stood on the list of the Indian services for many years past. He was born in 1840, the son of the late Arthur Burnell, of the East India Company's service, and by his mother's side great-nephew of the late Sir William Coke, Chief Justice of Ceylon. After studying at King's College, London, he passed for the Indian Civil Service in the fourth year of the competitive system, and went to India in the same year (1860). Professor Max Müller, who was one of his examiners, finding that Burnell had taken to Tamil, but knew little of Sanskrit, told the candidate that he would not find Sanskrit a stiffer fence than Tamil, and that he would never know Tamil well without knowing Sanskrit. This remark, as Burnell told the great philologist years afterwards, stuck to him, and made him go at Sanskrit full speed. Till 1868 Burnell held subordinate posts in various districts of the Madras Presidency, from Malabar on the West Coast to Nellore on the East. After two years in Europe, he returned in 1870, to act as District Judge, again in various districts, but longest at Tanjore. At this place also was committed to him the duty of examining the great collection of Sanskrit MSS. in the library of the deceased Maharajah. His intense devotion to study, in addition to his official duties, impaired his health, and, after returning from a short leave to England in 1879, it quite broke down. In 1880 he obtained furlough, and after he had struggled through more than one dangerous illness, his friends began to hope that, though either severe labour, or a return to India, was out of the question, he might still enjoy a fair measure of health and accomplish some literary work. What seemed a happy occasion also favoured him in the grant of a proportionate pension-an exceptional measure, which circumstances led the Indian Government to concede to a few members of the Madras service who had not completed the obligatory period. The Governor in Council (Mr. Grant Duff), in publishing Burnell's retirement, placed on record his regret that the Madras Presidency should be prematurely deprived of the services of so distinguished a scholar.' Some weeks ago, at his house near Micheldever, he caught a cold, which induced inflammation in the lungs. His strength gradually failed, and he died on the night of October 12. He was buried on the 17th, in Micheldever churchyard. The works which are most likely to preserve Burnell's name are the Tanjore Catalogue, and the Elements of South Indian Palæography.' The library of Tanjore was first brought to notice by an estimable person, who was strongly attached to Burnell, and who preceded him to the tomb by less than a year-viz. Prince Frederick of Schleswig-Holstein, better known of late Lord Napier and Ettrick, then years as Count Noër. Governor of Madras, deputed Burnell in 1871 to report on the library. He found it of much greater importance than had been imagined, and suggested a full catalogue. This he was authorized to undertake. But the task was subject to many interruptions, and was not completed till 1878-9. It was printed by Stephen Austin, of Hertford, in 1880, and fills 203 pages of large quarto size, with 30 pages of indices prepared by another attached friend of Burnell's, Dr. Reinhold Rost, of the India Library. The work represents an enormous mass of dogged and learned labour. It affords a kind of conspectus of the Sanskrit literature of the South of India, and exhibits the important part which was played in the peninsula in the later development of that literature. More has been done, Burnell observes, in this way, in the past 1,000 years in the South than in the North. His 'South

Indian Palæography' was originally intended as an introduction to the catalogue. This work, which is of far more general interest than the former, was first published in 1874, and again (much enlarged) in 1878; both editions being printed, and the second beautifully printed, at the Basel Mission Press at Mangalore. Dr. Rost writes that Burnell's publications on Hindu law are also striking in their way. His identification of Mádhava and Sáyana (preface to his edition of the Vansá Bráhmana, 1873), though not universally accepted, is one of the most brilliant contributions to Sanskrit literature made in this century.' In his acquaintance with the South Indian vernaculars and their dialects Burnell stood probably unrivalled, or rivalled only by Bishop Caldwell. In the last years of his life Burnell took great interest in the history and literature of Portuguese India, and collected many valuable books on the subject, which would probably (had life been spared) have formed the foundation of interesting work. Preliminary works of love in this connexion were a reprint (1881) for a few friends only, in very handsome form, of the excessively rare and curious Letter written in 1505 by King Emmanuel of Portugal to Ferdinand of Castille, giving an account of the Portuguese discoveries and conquests in the Indies, and a Tentative List of Books and some MSS. relating to the History of the Portuguese in India Proper' (Mangalore, 1880). Burnell was a lover of books in every kind-he read largely, collected largely, lent liberally, and spent largely upon them. He has left more than one task incomplete, including an annotated edition of Linschoten's Voyages,' for the Hakluyt Society. Of this about two-thirds of the first (or East Indian) part are in type. Another is the Discursive Glossary of Indian Colloquial Terms,' advertised by Mr. Murray. This a joint undertaking with a friend, had been the occasional occupation of both for many years, and his part in it had been pretty well completed. The circle of Burnell's intimates was not large, but where he gave his friendship it was given very heartily and generously. There remains but to add that the University of Strasburg some years ago conferred on him the degree of Ph.D. in honour of his Indian Palæography,' which he acknowledged by dedicating to the Philosophical Faculty there the second edition. In 1880 the Viceroy (Lord Lytton) gave him the Companionship of the Indian Empire."

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Subjoined will be found a list of Dr. Burnell's literary labours.

1. Dâyavibhaga. The Law of Inheritance from the published Sanskrit Text of the Vyavaharakāṇḍa of the Madhaviya Commentary on the Paraçarasmṛiti. Roy. 8vo. Madras, 1868.

2. Catalogue of a Collection of Sanskrit MSS. Part I. Vedic MSS. With many Extracts. Fcap. Svo. London,

1869.

3. A few Suggestions as to the best way of making and utilizing Copies of Indian Inscriptions. 8vo. Madras, 1870.

4. The Law of Partition and Succession from the MS. Sanskrit Text of Varadarāja's Vyavahāranirṇaya. Roy. 8vo. Mangalore, 1872.

5. Specimens of S. Indian Dialects (consisting of versions of the Parable of the Sower, St. Matthew xiii. 1-34). With grammatical and ethnographical Introductions, by A. B. Square 16mo.

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No. 1. In the Konkani spoken by the R. Catholics of S. Canara, pp. xii. and 15. Mangalore, 1872. Do. Second edition, pp. 21. 1873. 2. In the Dialect of Malayalam spoken by the Mappilas of S. Canara and of Amindivi (Laccadive) Islands. In the Mappila-Arabic characters and in Lepsius's Standard Alphabet. pp. xxvi. and 19. Do. 1873. 3. In the Kodagu (Coorg) Language, by the Rev. F. Kittel. pp. v. and 10. Do. 1873.

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4. In the Tanjore Dialect of Tamil. pp. 12. Tranquebar, 1876.

5. In the Language of the Todas (Nīlagiri Hills), by the Rev. F. Metz. pp. 14. Do. 1873.

6. In the Dialect of Canarese spoken by the Badagas of the Nilagiri Hills, by the same. pp. 10. Do. 1873. 7. In the Dialect of Konkani spoken by the Sarasvat

Brahmans of S. Canara.

8. In the Kundapur Dialect of Canarese.

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