The Equality of the Human Races (positivist Anthropology)Taylor & Francis, 2000 - 470 Seiten Antenor Firmin's "Equality of Human Races" is a pioneering work of early anthropology written in French by a Haitian who is probably anthropology's first scholar of African descent. Firmin published "De l' galit des Races Humaines " in Paris in 1885 twenty years after the 'Father of Racism, ' Count Arthur de Gobineau, published "Essai sur l'in galiti des Races Humaines." De Gobineau's racist tome was translated into several languages and influenced Nazi ideology, while Firmin's work became obscure and marginal in the anthropological and scientific communities it sought to affect. "Equality of Human Races " is far more than a response to de Gobineau. It is a substantial work of early anthropology that presaged in the 19th century most of what became accepted anthropological science about race in the 20th century. It is also an early work of Pan-Africanism that highlighted the civilizational achievements of African cultures, from ancient Egypt and the Nile Valley countries of Sudan and Ethiopia, to the first 'Black' Republic of Haiti, as evidence of the fundamental equality of African peoples. One hundred and fourteen years later, this is the first appearance in English of Firmin's trailblazing work in Anthropology and Pan-Africanist thought. |
Inhalt
Acknowledgments | vii |
Note on the Translation by Asselin Charles | ix |
Introduction by Carolyn FluehrLobban | xi |
Dedication to Haiti | li |
Preface | liii |
Anthropology as a Discipline | 1 |
Early Classification Systems | 15 |
Species in the Animal Kingdom | 27 |
The Hindus and the Arya | 257 |
General Perfectibility of the Human Races | 269 |
Intellectual Evolution of the Black Race in Haiti | 295 |
Prejudices and Vanities | 325 |
Comparisons | 329 |
Evolutionary Pace of the Black Race | 357 |
European Solidarity | 379 |
The Role of the Black Race in the History of Civilization | 393 |
Monogenism and Polygenism | 35 |
Criteria for Classifying the Human Races | 87 |
Artificial Ranking of the Human Races | 139 |
Comparison of the Human Races Based on Their Physical Constitution | 173 |
Métissage and Equality of the Races | 203 |
Egypt and Civilization | 225 |
Religious Myths and Words of the Ancients | 405 |
Aptitudes and Organic Qualities | 427 |
Theories and their Logical Consequences | 437 |
Conclusion | 443 |
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achievements African ancient Egypt ancient Egyptians animals Anténor Anténor Firmin anthropology aptitudes arguments Auvergnats beauty believe Black race blood Bory de Saint-Vincent brain Broca Cap-Haitien Caucasian Caucasian race century cephalic index characteristics civilization classification complexion conclusion considered different human races distinct doctrine Egypt equality Ethiopian ethnic Europe European evolution fact Firmin François Lenormant French German Gobineau Greek groups hair Haiti Haitian Herbert Spencer human species ideas individual inequality inferior inspired intellectual intelligence language living loco citato logical method métis mind Mongolian monogenists moral mulatto nations natural naturalist Negro never observed opinion organic origin Paris particular philosophical physical poet political polygenism polygenist progress Quatrefages question Races Humaines racial Retous Saint-Domingue scholars scientific scientists sebaceous glands skin color skull slave slavery social superior theory thesis thought tion Topinard Toussaint Louverture traits transformation truth White race words writes yellow