Vessels from either country employed in salving in the waters of the other shall, as soon as practicable afterwards, make full report at the nearest customhouse of the country in whose waters such salvings takes place. (Art. II of the Treaty with Great Britain dated July 10, 1908, p. 2036, vol. 35, part 2 Statutes.)

Wrecks in Foreign Waters.

Consuls and vice consuls, in cases where vessels of the United States are stranded on the coasts of their consulates respectively, shall, as far as the laws of the country will permit, take proper measures, as well for the purpose of saving the vessels, their cargoes. and appurtenances, as for storing and securing the effects of merchandise saved, and for taking inventories thereof; and the merchandise and effects saved, with the inventories thereof so taken, shall, after deducting therefrom the expenses, be delivered to the owners. No consul or vice consul shall have authority to take possession of any such merchandise, or other property, when the master, owner, or consignee thereof is present or capable of taking possession of the same. (R. S. 4238.)

Wrecks in Florida Waters.

All property, of any description whatsoever, which shall be taken from any wreck, from the sea, or from any of the keys and shoals, within the jurisdiction of the United States, on the coast of Florida, shall be brought to some port of entry within the jurisdiction of the United States. (R. S. 4239.)

Every vessel which shall be engaged or employed in carrying or transporting any property whatsoever, taken from any wreck, from the sea, or from any of the keys or shoals, within the jurisdiction of the United States, on the coast of Florida, to any foreign port, shall, together with her tackle, apparel, and furniture, be forfeited, and all forfeitures incurred by virtue of this section shall accrue, one moiety to the informer and the other to the United States. (R. S. 4240.)

No vessel, or master thereof, shall be regularly employed in the business of wrecking on the coast of Florida without the license of the judge of the district court for the district of Florida; and, before licensing any vessel or master, the judge shall be satisfied that the vessel is seaworthy, and properly and sufficiently fitted and equipped for the business of saving property shipwrecked and in distress; and that the master thereof is trustworthy, and innocent of any fraud or misconduct in relation to any property shipwrecked or saved on the coast. (R. S. 4241.)

Part XXVIII.-COAST GUARD CUTTERS

Coast Guard Cutters.

The President may, for the better securing the collection of import or tonnage duties, cause to be maintained so many of the Coast Guard cutters as may be necessary to be employed for the protection of the revenue, the expense whereof shall be paid out of such sum as shall be annually appropriated for the Coast Guard, and not otherwise. (R. S. 2747.)

The Secretary of the Treasury may direct the performance of any service by the Coast Guard vessels which, in his judgment, is necessary for the protection of the revenue. (R. S. 2758.)

The officers of the Coast Guard cutters shall respectively be deemed officers of the customs, and shall be subject to the direction of such collectors of the revenue or other officers thereof as from time to time shall be designated for that purpose. They shall go on board all vessels which arrive within the United States or within four leagues of the coast thereof, if bound for the United States, and search and examine the same and every part thereof, and shall demand, receive, and certify the manifests required to be on board certain vessels, shall affix and put proper fastenings on the hatches and other communications with the hold of any vessel, and shall remain on board such vessels until they arrive at the port or place of their destination. (R. S. 2760.)

The collector of each district may, with the approval of the Secretary of the Treasury, provide and employ such small open row and sail boats, and persons to serve in them, as shall be necessary for the use of the surveyors and inspectors in going on board of vessels and otherwise, for the better detection of frauds. (R. S. 2763.)

The cutters and boats employed in the service of the Coast Guard shall be distinguished from other vessels by an ensign and pendant, with such marks thereon as shall be prescribed by the President. If any vessel or boat, not employed in the service of the Coast Guard, shall, within the jurisdiction of the United States, carry or hoist any pendant or ensign prescribed for vessels in such service, the master of the vessel so offending shall be liable to a penalty of one hundred dollars. (R. S. 2764.)

Whenever any vessel liable to seizure or examination does not bring-to, on being required to do so, or on being chased by any cutter or boat which has displayed the pendant and ensign prescribed for vessels in the Coast Guard, the master of such cutter or boat may fire at or into such vessel which does not bring-to, after such pendant and ensign has been hoisted and a gun has been fired by such cutter or boat as a signal; and such master, and all persons acting by or under his direction, shall be indemnified from any penalties or ac

tions for damages for so doing. If any person is killed or wounded by such firing, and the master is prosecuted or arrested therefor, he shall be forthwith admitted to bail. (R. S. 2765.)

Hereafter Coast Guard cutters shall be used exclusively for the public service, and in no way for private purposes. (July 7, 1884.)

* In the discretion of the Secretary of the Treasury, any of the Coast Guard cutters provided for in this Act, or any other revenue cutter now or hereafter in commission, may be used to extend medical and surgical aid to the crews of American vessels engaged in the deep-sea fisheries, under such regulations as the Secretary of the Treasury may from time to time prescribe, and the said Secretary is hereby authorized to detail for duty on Coast Guard cutters such surgeons and other persons of the Public Health Service as he may deem necessary. (June 24, 1914.)

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Part XXIX.-REMISSION OF FINES AND PENALTIES

Remission of Fines and Penalties.

The Secretary of Commerce may, upon application therefor, remit or mitigate any fine, penalty, or forfeiture provided for in laws relating to vessels or discontinue any prosecution to recover penalties or relating to forfeitures denounced in such laws, excepting the penalty of imprisonment or of removal from office, upon such terms as he, in his discretion, shall think proper; and all rights granted to informers by such laws shall be held subject to the Secretary's powers of remission, except in cases where the claims of any informer to the share of any penalty shall have been determined by a court of competent jurisdiction prior to the application for the remission of the penalty or forfeiture; and the Secretary shall have authority to ascertain the facts upon all such applications in such manner and under such regulations as he may deem proper. (R. S. 5294; Dec. 15, 1894; Mar. 2, 1896. See sec. 618, Tariff Act 1922, p. 490.)

Any officer or other person entitled to or interested in a part or share of any fine, penalty, or forfeiture incurred under any law of the United States, may be examined as a witness in any of the proceedings for the recovery of such fine, penalty, or forfeiture by either of the parties thereto, and such examination shall not deprive such witness of his share or interest in such fine, penalty, or forfeiture. (R. S. 5295.)

Whenever any fine, penalty, forfeiture, exaction, or charge arising under the laws relating to vessels or seamen has been paid to any collector of customs or consular officer, and application has been made within one year from such payment for the refunding or remission of the same, the Secretary of Commerce if on investigation he finds that such fine, penalty, forfeiture, exaction, or charge was illegally, improperly, or excessively imposed, shall have the power, either before or after the same has been covered into the Treasury, to refund so much of such fine, penalty, forfeiture, exaction, or charge as he may think proper, from any moneys in the Treasury not otherwise appropriated. (June 26, 1884, sec. 26.)

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Part XXX.-CATTLE, LIVESTOCK, AND DAIRY TRADE

Regulation of Cattle Ships.

The Secretary of Agriculture is hereby authorized to examine all vessels which are to carry export cattle from the ports of the United States to foreign countries, and to prescribe by rules and regulations or orders the accommodations which said vessels shall provide for export cattle, as to space, ventilation, fittings, food and water supply, and such other requirements as he may decide to be necessary for the safe and proper transportation and humane treatment of such animals. (Sec. 1.)

Whenever the owner, owners, or master of any vessel carrying export cattle shall willfully violate or cause or permit to be violated any rule, regulation, or order made pursuant to the foregoing section the vessel in respect of which such violation shall occur may be prohibited from again carrying cattle from any port of the United States for such length of time, not exceeding one year, as the Secretary of Agriculture may direct, and such vessel shall be refused clearance from any port of the United States accordingly. (Mar. 3, 1891, sec. 2.)

Inspection of Livestock and Meat Products.

That on and after October first, nineteen hundred and six, no person, firm, or corporation shall transport or offer for transportation, and no carrier of interstate or foreign commerce shall transport or receive for transportation from one State or Territory or the District of Columbia to any other State or Territory or the District of Columbia, or to any place under the jurisdiction of the United States, or to any foreign country, any carcasses or parts thereof, meat, or meat food products thereof which have not been inspected, examined, and marked as "Inspected and passed," in accordance with the terms of this Act and with the rules and regulations prescribed by the Secretary of Agriculture.

No person, firm, or corporation, or officer, agent, or employee thereof, shall forge, counterfeit, simulate, or falsely represent, or shall without proper authority use, fail to use, or detach, or shall knowingly or wrongfully alter, deface, or destroy, or fail to deface or destroy, any of the marks, stamps, tags, labels, or other identification devices provided for in this Act, or in and as directed by the rules and regulations prescribed hereunder by the Secretary of Agriculture, on any carcasses, parts of carcasses, or the food products, or