The Marshal then read the following ode, written by George Sennott, Esq.:

The concluding hymn, words by G. Washington Warren, music by Abt, was then sung by the Apollo Club.

A benediction was pronounced by the Rev. Phillips Brooks, and at eight o'clock the exercises at the pavilion were brought to a close.

The following letter has been received from His Excellency Governor Ingersoll, in response to a call made upon him :

State of Connecticut, Executive Department,
New-Haven, June 18, 1875.

DEAR SIR:-I very much regret that, under the erroneous supposition that the exercises at Bunker Hill yesterday would, by reason of the lateness of the hour, close with the oration of General Devens, I left the tent at that time to fulfil another engagement, and, therefore, was not present to acknowledge the honor paid to my State by your call upon me among the other guests of the occasion.

It is the singular fortune of Connecticut that, although she sent into the armies of the Revolution more soldiers than any other colony save one,-maintaining in actual service, at one time, out of the state, twenty-two full regiments, when her population but little exceeded two hundred thousand persons,-she must, nevertheless, look beyond her borders for the battle-fields that have been made historic by the valor and blood of her children. Conspicuous among them all, and by far closer than any by its associations of peculiar force, is that field upon the Charlestown heights, where New-England for the first time confronted Old England in war. It was there that our young militia received its "baptism of fire," and our peaceful vines were first emblazoned upon a flag of battle; and it is through the smoke and dust of the conflict around Bunker's Hill that there looms up most distinctly to Connecticut eyes one heroic figure of the Revolution,-the man "who dared to lead where any dared to follow,' Israel Putnam.

It is for these reasons, especially, that it gave me great pleasure to participate in the superb demonstration in Boston yesterday, and that I now regret the circumstances which deprived me of the pleasure of sharing in all the subsequent exercises in Charlestown.

I am, sir, very respectfully yours,
CHARLES R. INGERSOLL.

G. WASHINGTON WARREN, Esq.,
President Bunker Hill Association, etc., etc,
Charlestown, Mass.

Letters and despatches were also received by the Mayor from Charles J. Leeds, Mayor of New-Orleans; John Loague, Mayor of Memphis; C. J. Chase, Mayor of Omaha; The Ladies' Centennial Committee of Allentown, Pa.; and from Frederick Fraley, President, and Charles Randolph, Secretary, of the National Board of Trade in session in Philadelphia.

IN CAMBRIDGE, Saturday, July 3, 1875.

The one-hundredth anniversary of Gen. Washington's taking command of the continental army was celebrated this day. By invitation of the committee of arrangements, the invited guests were requested to assemble at Lyceum Hall at ten o'clock, where they were received by Mayor Bradford and the members of the city government. Among the distinguished guests who attended were Governor Gaston, Senator Boutwell, President Eliot, General Hincks, Rear-Admiral Davis, Rev. D. O. Mears, Professor Lowell, General Chamberlain and Oliver Wendell Holmes.

A procession was formed about eleven o'clock, under direction of Chief of Police Copeland, who acted as chief marshal, and marched to the tent in the following order, substantially:

Marshal and Aids-Chief Copeland and Captains Ames and Hagar. Edmands's Band. City Messenger F. L. Pratt. Orator, poet and chaplain. Mayor and president of the common council. Board of aldermen. Common council. Vice-president of the United States. Governor Gaston and staff. President and fellows of Harvard University. Trustees of Memorial Hall, the Hon. John G. Palfrey and Henry B. Rogers. United States Senators Boutwell and Dawes. The Hons. J. M. S. Williams, W. W. Warren, E. R. Hoar and Charles Hudson. Collector Simmons, Postmaster Burt, Rear-Admiral Davis and Major-General Banks. Department Commander Merrill, G. A. R. The Hon. Josiah Quincy. Grand Master and suite of grand lodge of masons of Massachusetts. Ex-mayors and ex-presidents of the common council. Mayors of Boston, Somerville and Newton. Selectmen of Lexington, Concord and Arlington. Chairman of the selectmen of Watertown and Belmont. Ex-Governor Emory Washburn, Lucius R. Paige, D.D., Dr. O. W. Holmes, the Rev. Alexander McKenzie, the Hon. R. Frothingham, the Hon. G. W. Warren, Professor Benjamin Peirce, the Hon. Estes Howe, the Hon. Marshall P. Wilder. Senators and representatives from Cambridge in the legislature. General Hincks, General Chamberlain and Winslow Warren. John Owen and James Alexander. Judge Ladd and Sheriff Kimball. Captains Keeler and Hawkes. Commanders of G. A. R. Posts. Members of the school committee. Overseers of the poor. Board of assessors. Heads of city departments. The water board. Board of county commissioners. Trustees of Dana library. Commissioners of sinking fund. Engineers of the fire department.

THE TENT.-A large tent had been erected on the Common, within a few feet of the old elm, capable of holding two thousand people. The interior was decorated with banners and bannerets hanging pendant from the centre, with streamers connecting the centre and sides, with flags and bunting around the side. On the rear of the platform were the words, in large black letters on a white field, "Muzzey; Monroe ; Jona. Harrington,―They gave their lives in testimony to the rights of mankind,Caleb Harrington; Porter; Hadley; Brown." At the end on the left of the platform were the words, "What a glorious morning for America, Adams"; at the right end, "Too few to resist, too brave to fly." On the platform was a chair used by General Washington at his residence, Mount Vernon, now owned by Mrs. Augustus Towne of Cambridge. On the bottom was the inscription, Contributed by Mrs. Oliver Parsons, 1853. A gift, from General George Washington's residence, in 1815." Another chair on the platform belonged to a lieutenant in the continental army, and is over 125 years old.

66

The exercises in the tent were opened with a prayer by the Rev. D. O. Mears, the chaplain of the day, followed by music by Edmands's Band, after which Mayor Bradford introduced Professor James Russell Lowell as the poet of the day.

The poem occupied about ten minutes in delivery. After giving a description of the historic scene under the elm, it sketched the character of Washington, and ended with extending the right hand of reconciliation to the Old Dominion.

At the conclusion of the poem Mayor Bradford introduced the Rev. A. P. Peabody, D.D., LL.D., chaplain of Harvard University, who delivered the oration. On the

conclusion of which, the procession was reformed, and marched to Memorial Hall, where dinner was served.

A CHILDREN'S SERVICE occurred in the tent in the afternoon, in which thirty-eight young ladies were assisted by as many young men, in costumes representing different eras in the nation's history.

DECORATIONS.-Longfellow's house on Brattle street was marked by the inscription, "Headquarters of Washington; occupied by him from July 12, 1775, to March, 1776. Built and owned at the time by John Vassall, a refugee and tory." The house of James Russell Lowell, on Elmwood avenue, bore the inscription, "Built by Andrew Oliver, stamp commissioner and lieutenant governor-a refugee. Occupied as a hospital after Bunker Hill. In the field in front many soldiers were buried. Afterward the residence of Elbridge Gerry, a signer of the declaration of independence, governor of Massachusetts and vice-president of the United States." The old house on Brattle street, opposite Fayerweather, was inscribed, "Fayerweather House, used as a hospital, 1775." The Brattle House, also on Brattle Street, bore this inscription, "Brattle House; residence of Thomas Brattle, Esq. Headquarters of General Mifflin." The old house on the corner of Brattle and Sparks Streets had this inscription, "Lechmere House; Baroness Reidsel, taken prisoner with her husband at Saratoga, was lodged here." The Holmes, off North Avenue, near the Common, was inscribed, "Holmes House. Headquarters of General Ward. Here was held the council of war which ordered the fortification of Bunker Hill." The site of the Inman House on Inman Street, near Main, was inscribed: "Site of Inman House, headquarters of General Putnam, commanding centre of American army, July, 1775." The house on the corner of Ash and Mt. Auburn Streets, a structure of great antiquity, was marked by an inscription, stating that it was built during the reign of Queen Anne; probably by the father of Governor Belcher, who sold it in 1719. It was occupied in 1775 by Benjamin Church, M.D., surgeon general of the provincial army. The Wadsworth House, in the college grounds facing Harvard Street, was inscribed, "Wadsworth House, first headquarters of Washington and Lee, July 2, 1775. Officers' quarters during the siege of Boston, 1775-6." The house on Harvard Street, near Plympton Street, had this inscription: "Built by East Apthorp, called the Bishop's Palace. Occupied by General Burgoyne while a prisoner." At the junction of Kirkland Street with North Avenue was a placard stating that to be "The road to Bunker Hill, down which the troops marched, under Colonel Prescott, on the evening of June 16, 1775, after prayer on the Common by President Langdon.

HARVARD COLLEGE.-Over the main entrance to the college grounds, opposite Church street, was raised an arch draped with colored bunting and crowned by a shield bearing the motto, "Veritas." Across the top of the arch was the verse from Lowell,

"Life of whate'er makes life worth living,

One heavenly thing whereof earth has the giving."

On the left pillar of the arch was the inscription: "Promote, then, as an object of primary importance, institutions for the general diffusion of knowledge. In proportion as a structure of a government gives force to public opinion, it is essential that public opinion should be enlightened. [Washington's farewell address.]" On the opposite pillar was the following: "Harvard College- The Nest of Sedition' -General Gage, 1775. Hatched in this nest were James Otis, Joseph Warren, John Hancock, Josiah Quincy, Sam Adams, John Adams, Artemas Ward, Timothy Pickering and William Eustis. The older buildings of the college,-Massachusetts Hall, built in 1720; Holden Chapel, built in 1744; Hollis Hall, built in 1763, and Harvard Hall, built in 1764,-all bore inscriptions stating the date of their erection, and the fact that they were occupied by provincial troops during the siege of Boston, 1775-6. On Dane Hall, the law school, was inscribed, "Site of Old Church, where the first and second provincial congresses were held, presided over by John Hancock and Joseph Warren. General Washington worshipped in this church in 1775.”

THE WASHINGTON ELM.-The decorations here were elaborate. A staff had been fixed in the centre of the tree, from which floated above the highest branches an American flag. Smaller flags were fastened upon all the larger projecting limbs of the tree, and extended beyond it on all sides. On the stone at its base, which commemorates Washington's assumption of command, was placed a life-size figure painting of General Washington on horseback. A little in front of the elm, and so

erected that the stone and painting show through it in perspective, was an arch covered with colored bunting, under which the procession passed on the way from Lyceum Hall to the tent. The upper portion of the arch was inscribed, Birthplace of the American Army," and on the pillars were the dates "1775" and "1875." CHRIST CHURCH was decorated with flags drooping over the door and from the window in the tower. From the window also projected several flags, as well as from the corners. On the centre of the front was a round shield bearing this inscription,"Christ Church, erected A.D. 1760. Captain Chester's Co., from Wethersfield, Conn., was quartered here during the siege of Boston in 1775-6. Reoccupied as a house of prayer by the order of General Washington, who worshipped here on Sunday, Dec. 31, 1775, and it is believed on subsequent occasions."

THE MONUMENT in the Old Burial Ground erected to the Cambridge men who fell at Lexington was very beautifully trimmed. It was surmounted by an arch from which was hung a flag forming a background to the monument itself. On the crown of the arch was the motto, " The Blood of the Patriots was the Seed of Liberty." On the pillars of the arch were the names of the soldiers,-Hicks, Marcy, Richardson, Russell, Wyman and Winship.

THE COMMON.-The soldiers' monument on the Common was decorated with small flags. Around it, mounted, pointed in different directions, were the three cannon recently given the city by the state. They are very old pieces of ordnance, having been captured from the French at the taking of Louisburg in 1758.

THE CITY HALL was the most elaborately decorated of any building in the city. A large painting was hung over the front, emblematical of the victory of freedom in the Revolutionary War. On either side of the painting were the dates "1775" and "1875," and at the bottom the motto " Liberty and Union, Now and Forever, One and Inseparable." An eagle on the centre of the roof held in his beak strips of bunting, which draped the cornice to the corners. The painting was also draped, and the bunting so arranged as to form an immense shield covering nearly the whole front of the building, with the painting in the centre. From the flagstaff on the centre of the roof a 66 glory" of variously colored bunting depended to the edges of the roof.

LYCEUM HALL, the headquarters of the Committee of Arrangements, was profusely trimmed. Festoons of bunting depended from the apex of the roof to the corners of the first story. On the front was a painting of the Goddess of Liberty with drawn sword, holding the stars and stripes, which was draped with flags hung from the story above. On the left side of the entrance was the motto, "Liberty-generations past and generations to come hold us responsible for this sacred trust." On the right side was the inscription, "Warren, Hancock, Adams, Prescott. We would recall the forms and lineaments of the honored dead."

THE OFFICES OF THE UNION RAILWAY were elaborately decorated. The roof was surmounted by a gilt eagle holding festoons of bunting in his beak, which drooped to either corner of the roof. From the centre also fell festoons of flags to the corners of the building on the first floor. Pennants depended from the roof in four places. and small flags projected over the street. On the front of one building was a shield with the national arms and motto. Under that was the inscription, "Mansion House of Zechariah Bordman 1775, Tavern of Major John Brown 1781." On the front of the other building was the name Washington."

66

THE SITE OF FORT PUTNAM, on the corner of Otis and Fourth streets, was marked by a flag hung across Otis street from the Putnam School-house, with the inscription, "Site of Fort Putnam."

THE SITE OF FORT WASHINGTON, near the foot of Brookline street, was also appropriately marked and the way to it pointed out.

APPENDIX.

LEXINGTON CELEBRATION.

FOR want of time several addresses were necessarily omitted at the dinner, and for the same reason the reading of a large number of letters was also omitted. It had been expected that Col. W. S. Clark would speak for "The Agricultural Interests of New-England;" the Hon. D. W. Gooch for "The Participating Towns:" Luther Conant, Esq., for "The Men of Acton;" the Hon. Alfred T. Goshorn for "The Centennial Commission and its Work ;" and the Hon. Marshall P. Wilder, President of the New-England Historic, Genealogical Society, for "American His tory. Mr. Wilder has furnished to the Lexington Committee the following report of the substance of what he had intended to say:

66

Mr. President, I thank you for the privilege of being present and participating in the ceremonies of this most interesting occasion. As the toast expresses it, we meet to celebrate one of the most sublime events in the annals of history; for, sir, as the first gun on Sumter sealed the fate of slavery in the United States, so the first shot at Lexington sealed the doom of British empire in America, and forever settled the destiny of freedom for this western world.

The 19th of April, 1775! What a glorious day,-the baptismal day of a nation in the blood of her sons, on the altar of freedom! And, sir, as the first light of morning streams over the mountain tops and spreads into universal day, so the fires of patriotism, kindled on these plains a hundred years ago, will continue to electrify and illume the world with the results of American independence and American civilization,

"While the earth bears a plant, or the sea rolls a wave."

The results of the battles of Lexington and Concord were of far greater consequence ultimately, in their influence on the welfare of mankind, than those of Thermopyla, Marathon, Cannæ, Austerlitz, Waterloo, or Sedan; leading as they did to the American Revolution, and giving to the world the only free and independent nation which has existed for a hundred years,-a nation exalted in privilege, progress, and prosperity above any other on earth; a nation whose example will ultimately, we believe, revolutionize the world, and secure the rich inheritance of liberty and equality for all mankind. Some sections of our favored land may possess more luxuriant soils and milder skies; but I believe, sir, there is no spot on earth so green in the hearts of freemen, so sacred in the heart of memory, as that watered by the blood of those who fell in defence of their homes and human rights on the 19th of April, 1775. The events of that day were the heralds of that freedom which we now enjoy; and from that moment when the first martyr fell on the plains of Lexington the cause of liberty and human right has been "marching on."

And what adds to the interest of this occasion is the fact that the events we celebrate took place on Massachusetts soil. Massachusetts has been a great leader in the cause of American liberty and American civilization. She was first to receive upon her soil the exiles for religious freedom, first in the martyrdom of her sons at Lexington and Concord, first in the signature of her sons to the Declaration of American Independence, first in the field for the suppression of the American Rebellion, first for the abrogation of human bondage on this continent.

But, Mr. President, the thought that most engrosses my mind to-day is the wonderful progress, prosperity, and influence of this nation. Never before in the annals of history has there been such an illustration of the enterprise, capacity, and independence of a people; never before such an illustration of the divine favor, if we except God's chosen people, the Jews, as has been manifested to this nation in raising it up to be an example of those great principles of civil and religious freedom which constitute the foundation of human happiness. But what shall we say of the great future of this Republic? When we reflect on the amazing progress and vast resources of our nation; when we compare the condition of our few feeble colonies as they existed one hundred years ago, with the thirty-seven independent states of our