of thofe troops, fhall be on the fame foot as that of the other troops of their High Mightineffes, and the money fhall be advanced to the Danish Commiffaries, for them to diftribute it, without any discount or deduction; and the pay shall commence from the day that the faid troops begin their march towards the frontiers. And if it should be thought proper to transport the troops that are to come from Denmark and Holftein, either in whole or in part, by fea, towards the countries in the dominion of the States, the faid transportation fhall be at the expence of his majefty the king of Great Britain, and their High Mightineffes; and in cafe of neceffity, they fhall be permitted to make ufe of the ships of his majefty the king of Denmark, or thofe of his fubjects, to facilitate and haften the said tranfportation. His majefty the king of Great Britain, and their High Mightineffes, may keep the faid troops in their fervice, as long as they think fit; and when they are for fending them home, they fhall let his majesty the king of Denmark know it three months beforehand. Mean time,

if any rupture or war happen, the faid troops fhall, nevertheless, continue in the fervice of his majefly the king of Great Britain, and their High Mightineffes, as long as the war lafts, unless his majesty the king of Denmark fhould be attacked in his own kingdoms and dominions, for having furnished the faid troops; in which cafe his majesty the king of Denmark referves to himself the right and power of recalling them, as foon as he thinks neceffary.

XI. In cafe that one or more regiments or companies of the faid troops have the misfortune to be ruined, his majefty the king of Great Britain, and their High Mightineffes, promife to pay, without lofs of time, to the colonels or captains of the regiments or companies ruined, the neceffary fums to recruit and replace them on the fame foot as before. And at the end of the campaign, the same sums for recruits fhall be paid to the Danifh officers, as are paid to the other officers of their High Mightineffes; to the end that the faid troops may be always kept up in a good condition, to be fent home in due time, in as good order as they came.

XII. In like manner his majefty the king of Great Britain, and their High Mightineffes promife, that if his maVOL. I.

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jefty

jefty the king of Denmark be attacked, or disturbed in the poffeffion of his kingdoms, provinces, territories, tolls, navigation, commerce, or other rights, they will speedily fend back the faid troops, and give them a month's pay, to bear their charges home; which month's pay fhall be advanced likewife, when the faid troops are fent home after the conclufion of a peace. And befides, they will fend to his majesty the king of Denmark, the fuccours both by land and fea, which are ftipulated in the fecret articles of the treaty of 1690, which fuccours they will maintain, during the war, at their own expence; only the king of Denmark shall be obliged to furnish them with bread and forage.

XIII. And for rendering this alliance and union still more perfect, and to leave the parties no manner of doubt as to the certainty of the fuccours, which they may expect from one another in the manner agreed to as above, it is exprefsly contracted, that in order to form a judgment hereafter, in what cafe this alliance exifts or not, if any one of the parties be actually attacked by force of arms, though it has not made ufe of any force yet against the aggreffor, that fhall be fufficient to determine the cafe. But this article fhall only be applicable to occafions that may happen hereafter. And for the prefent, the supply of 12000 men fhall march towards their High Mightineffes frontiers, as foon as the treaty is figned, according to the 10th article.

XIV. And to the end that no broil may happen hereafter between his majefty the king of Denmark, and their High Mightineffes, on the account of commerce, it is now agreed, that the project of the treaty of commerce and toll of the year 1692, upon which a negotiation was entered into, firft at Copenhagen, and afterwards at the Hague, fhall be reaffumed, adjusted, concluded and figned, at the fame time as this.

XV. This alliance fhall fubfift for the space of ten years, computing from the day of figning this treaty; and the alliances of 1690 and 1696, which are renewed by this treaty, fhall alfo continue ten years.

XVI. The Emperor fhall be invited to enter into this alliance; and if the king of Pruffia, the house of Lunen

burg,

burg, or that of Heffe Caffel, defire to be included in it, the high allies fhall be at their liberty to consent to it, when they are agreed among one another, on the conditions upon which the said powers may be received into it.

XVII. For the fuller explanation of all the clauses of this prefent treaty, relating to the fums for raising, maintaining, transporting, marching, recruiting, and fending back the troops mentioned in the 10th article, it is exprefsly ftipulated, that his majefty the king of Great Britain fhall pay all those charges when the faid troops are in his service, and that the States General fhall pay them when they are in the fervice of their High Mightineffes.

XVIII. The ratifications of this present treaty fhall be exchanged at Copenhagen, in fix weeks from the day of figning it, on the part of his majefty the king of Great Britain, and in four weeks on the part of the States General.

In witness whereof we have figned this treaty, and thereunto affixed the feals of our arms.

(L.S.) H. GREG.

Done at Odenfee, the 20th of Jan. 1701.

Treaty of alliance, offenfive and defenfive, between Leopold Emperor of the Romans, Anne Queen of England, and the States General of the United Netherlands, on the one part, and Peter II. King of Portugal, on the other part; for afferting the liberty of Spain, for averting the common danger of all Europe, and for defending the right of the most auguft houfe of Auftria, to the Spanish monarchy. At Lifbon, May 16, 1703. Together with feparate articles made and confirmed the fame day.

WHERE

HEREAS the moft ferene and most potent prince Leopold, emperor of the Romans, and the moft ferene and moft potent prince William III. late king of Great Britain, and alfo the High and mighty lords the States General of the United Provinces of the Netherlands, entered into an alliance which was concluded at the Hague, the 7th of September, 1701, which, after the death of the faid king, the moft ferene and most potent

E 2

princess

princess Anne, queen of Great Britain, chearfully undertook to obferve; and whereas they invited the moft ferene and moft potent Peter II. king of Portugal, that he would be pleased to accede to the faid alliance; and his facred royal majefty of Portugal, being not only prevailed on by fo friendly an invitation of the princes the confederates, but alfo confidering that the most chriftian king Lewis XIV. fince the late alliance concluded betwixt himself and his grandson, the most ferene the Dauphin's fecond son, and his Portuguese majefty, made it evidently appear, both by tokens and facts, that his fole defign was to opprefs the liberty of the Spaniards by a French government, and to annex the kingdoms and dominions of Spain, as fo many provinces to the kingdom of France, which would not only be very prejudicial and pernicious to the interests of Portugal, but also to all the other kingdoms and nations of Europe; he has thought it most just and advisable, to use his utmost endeavour to avert the common danger, to free not only the Spaniards from the yoke of tyranny, but their neighbouring and kindred nation the Portuguese, who are derived from the fame original; efpecially fince it were to be feared, that the prefent age and pofterity would have blamed a king who is a Spaniard by birth and origin, (for the Portuguese are included in the denomination of Spaniards) if he fhould forfake Spain, his native country, in the time of her greatest distress, and refuse to stretch out his friendly hand to Spain their common mother, which implored the affiftance of her children: therefore, fince nothing was decided concerning the right of fucceffion to Spain, by the treaties entered into between his facred royal majefty of Portugal, and the most Christian King and his grandfon, which, without prejudging that cause, had nothing in view but the promoting the peace and tranquility of Spain, and the rest of Europe, the faid moft ferene and most potent king of Portugal, hath therefore thought fit to enter into a treaty with the faid most serene and moft potent prince Leopold, emperor of the Romans, to whom, by the death of Charles II. without iffue, the fucceffion to the dominions of Spain belongs, by right of birth and treaties; and with his confederates in the fame cause, viz. with the most ferene and moft potent princess

Anne,

Anne, queen of Great Britain, and the high and mighty lords the States General of the United Provinces of the Netherlands; to the end that, with their united counfels and forces,, they might make the ftrongeft provifion for the common fafety, the liberty of the Spaniards, and the lawful right of fucceffion to the Spanish monarchy. Therefore, in order to bring fuch treaty to a conclufion, his Sacred Imperial Majefty on the one part, hath given his full powers and commiffion to Charles Erneft, count Waldftein, his ambaffador in Portugal, and the moft ferene and most potent princefs Anne, queen of Great Britain, to Paul Methuen, Efq; her ambassador in Portugal, and the high and mighty lords the States General of the United Provinces of the Netherlands, to Francis Schonenberg: and on the other part, the king of Portugal to Don Nonio de Mello Alvares Pereira, his dearest coufin, &c. to Don Emanuel Telles de Silva, marquis d'Alegrette, &c. and to Don Francis de Tavora Conde de Alvor, and to Don Roque Montegro Paim, and to Don Jofeph de Faria. Which faid plenipotentiaries have agreed and confented to the following articles.

I. The three confederate powers abovementioned, together with his facred royal majefty of Portugal, fhall unanimously endeavour, that the moft ferene archduke Charles, his Imperial majesty's fecond fon, may be put into the poffeffion of all Spain, as it was poffeffed by the catholic king Charles II. but with this provifo, that his facred royal majefty of Portugal shall not be obliged to carry on an offenfive war any where, except in Spain itself.

II. For the carrying on of the faid offenfive war in Spain, his facred royal majefty of Portugal fhall not be obliged to bring into the field, and maintain there, more than 12000 foot, and 3000 horfe, on his own part.

III. Befides thefe, his facred royal majefty fhall levy 13000 Portuguese foldiers, that the forces may amount in all to 28000 men; of whom 5000 fhall be horse, and 23000 foot.

IV. Of thefe 13000 foldiers, viz. 11000 foot, and 2000 horse, the said 11000 foot foldiers fhall be armed with proper weapons, which the confederate powers fhall furnish for the purpose, and 2000 arms over and above.