VOL. II.]

BALTIMORE, SATURDAY, JULY 11, 1812.

[No. 45.

Hæc olim meminisse juvabit.-VIRGIL.

Printed and published by H. NILES, South-st. next door to the Merchants' Coffee-House, at $5 per ann.

Triumph of Principle.

reg. U. S. Infantry, then rose and pronounced a short but very excellent and pertinent oration; cal

The birth day of freedom was celebrated in Balti-culated to fan the sacred fame of liberty, to che more with great splendor and unrivalled harmony rish union, promote concord, and direct the energies The dawn was announced by nearly two hundred of the people to maintain the sovereignty of the condischarges of cannon, from detachments of the vastitution and laws of the United States-and defeat rious volunteer companies appointed to that duty, the foe. The company then dispersed, and retired from the fort, and the privateers in the harbor near to their several private places for spending the day. ly ready for sea, while the bells rang a joyful peal But these ceremonies, however well planned or and banished sleep from the eye-lids of a delighted executed, formed but a small part of the pleasures community. The countenance of the people as of the people of Baltimore on that happy occasion. they left their homes to perform the duties, or take It is not for the sake of detailing them that we have part in the ceremonies of the day, presaged happi occupied so large a space in our work, but to desness; for in it, as in a glass, was reflected the patri-cribe and give effect to the universal harmony that ot feelings of their souls. The old rejoiced to ob prevailed among all sects, ranks and conditions of serve that the sensations they felt thirty-six years the people-to show the general zeal manifested for ago had not lost their exquisite value in the esti- the prosperity of our beloved country, and the fixed mation of their children, whose eyes sparkled with determination to rally round the law as the anchor joy their limbs seemed also invigorated with a of hope and pledge of felicity. Tarty discriminaglorious zeal, able and willing to meet the exigen-tions were consolidated into a generous Americaz cies of the times in defence of their heritage of free-feeling, and every one seemed willing to make a readom and independence, at once the gift of God and sonable allowance for the political aberrations of right of conquest. It was, indeed, a day of general his neighbor from what he himself esteemed orthojubilee. dox points, charitably believing that their object At an early hour the regiments of artillery, horse and aim was the same-to wit, the safety of the reand infantry, with the rifle corps attached thereto, public and the discomfiture of its enemies. We were under arms. This elegant brigade of volun- pretend not to say that all the people agreed as to teers, completely armed and equipped, commanded their internal concerns, nor perhaps ought they to by general Stricker, retired a short distance from do so-but we venture to assert, without fear of conthe city, and performed, with great accuracy and tradiction, that but one sentiment prevailed as to precision, their evolutions in honor of the day.-the exterior relations of the United States. The Being dismissed, they re assembled as citizens in arrangements made by the general committee were Market street, and precisely at 11 o'clock, as pre-eminently calculated to bring about this happy viously arranged, the great body of the population union, and the patriot, resident in any part of our of Baltimore and its vicinity, of all sects and classes, widely extended country, let him be called by what religious or political, moved in procession to How name he may, will rejoice that the people of Balti. ard's Park, preceded by military music, to witness more, the WHOLE PEOPLE of this prosperous city the ceremonies appointed for the solemn occasion. Jand neighborhood, have erected a temple to ConOn a concave spot,shaded trees, from whence the cord. May they preserve it by moderation and ground rose gently on every side but one, a stage justice, sacred and inviolate!

was erected. On it were seated several distinguish- That readers at a distance may duly appreciate ed and reverend gentlemen, with the mayor of the the facts as he stated, we are reluctantly compellcity as chairman of the meeting. Immediately ined to resort to the party phrases of the times, to It is notorious front of the stage were placed the members of the enlighten their view of th.m. city councils, &c. and the people, as in an immense that four-fifths of the population of Baltimore are amphitheatre, covered the surrounding space, to democrats or republicans—but on the committee of the amount of ten thousand. While the multitude arrangement were several federal gentlemen. The was arranging itself into order, the bands played Rev. Mr. Inglis is considered as a federalist, and Yankee doodle, which "good old tune for fun or Messrs. Sterett and Winder are universally acknowfighting" was greeted by three most hearty and ledged as such. Further, the Washington society, unanimous cheers. After which the Rev. Mr. In- wholly composed of federalists, by an unanimous glis offered an elegant and appropriate address to resolve, so arranged their accustomed exercises as the throne of Grace, as well adapted to the peculiar to give the members an opportunity to join the gesituation of our country, as to the general wants neral procession, which they did; and the oration and dependence of the people on the Divine Provi- pronounced before them by Virgil Maxcey, esq. is dence for counsel and comfort-Samuel Sterett, esq. spoken of, by republicans who heard it, as excep then read the Declaration of Independence and tionable in its matter and excellent in its manner. James A. Buchanan, esq. the message of the presi Putting all these circumstances together, our readdent setting forth the causes of and recommending ers will conclude with us, that a foreign nation bas war, with his proclamation declaring WAR existed nothing to hope for from the party divisions of the between the United Kingdoms of Great Britain and people of Baltimore.

Ireland and their dependencies and the United States It may also be stated, that the convivial meetings and their territories-all of which were heartily of the citizens, which were uncommonly nume greeted by the people, Et. col. Winder, of the 14th rous, were as much mixed as the procession. Their VOL. II. W

toasts and sentiments breathe a general language,, pure as that of the whigs of the revolution, on simi

Oration

lar occasions; long before the present opposing Delivered on the 4th of July, 1812, at the celebration of American parties took their rise, and all were known as whigs

or tories.

Independence, in Howard's Park, (Baltimore) by LIEUT. COLONEL Wм. H. WINDER. Let this generous feeling prevail, and we bid de- When it is recollected that the task which has fiance to Europe in arms. That it will prevail we now devolved on me, was originally assigned to an cannot permit ourselves to doubt, whatever a few orator* whose eloquence can adorn the most exalted desperate and unprincipled partizans may say.-topics; that but a few days have been allowed to What country have we to desire but this? What treat a subject that might fully occupy the protractform of government to hope for better calculated to ed efforts of the most vigorous and brilliant imagisecure our happiness than the one we possess? If we nation; that this fragment of time has been broken look at Europe, and behold the wants and oppres- by a multitude of pressing avocations, which have sions of its population-see the rich grinding down perpetually solicited my attention from the subject, the face of the poor, and the poor in a state of star-it will readily be understood that I meet my situation vation for the mere necessaries of life and then with the most unaffected consciousness of incomturn our eyes to the general ease and prosperity of petence to equal the great expectations which this the people of the United States, under the mildest occasion must excite.

government in the world, appointed of ourselves, The authors of the ceremonies of this day, movand acting according to the will of the majority-ed by a pure and holy patriotism, have become the shall we not be led to bless the Great Bestower of apostles of concord, of conciliation. They have every good and perfect gift, and solemnly resolve to engaged in the noble work of assuaging the exacer. défend, at every hazard and cost, such inestimable ad-bated passions of political partizans, and under the vantages? Or shall we become traitors to ourselves, influence of this spirit have selected me as one of the and jeopardize the whole by squabbling whether ministers of their designs. My confidence springs Madison, Chaton or Pinkney shall be our chief ma from their choice-my qualifications from the ungistrate, and, according to the constitution, adminis- feigned sincerity in which I co-operate with their ter the government? Our first and great business is wishes.

to support the law and defeat the common enemy It is now thirty-six years since the fathers of our -that being done, we will quietly proceed to cor- nation, stimulated by an attempt to impose upon rect abuses if they exist, and cleanse the body poli- them the bonds of slavery, declared their country tic, if corrupted-not as men who would christianize free and independent. The tyrant wielded the rethe world with fire and sword, and other oppres-sources of a great and powerful nation, then at peace sions and grievances, to be found in all the canting with the rest of the world; and free to devote its hypocritical church establishments of the old world, whole power to crush the first efforts of resistance. but as brethren, to reason together, to convince Our country was then trammelled by the fetters of each others hearts of error; and incline them, in various governments, all flowing from and depen. virtue, to pursue the better way. DO THIS AND BE

INVINCIBLE.

dent on the will of our oppressor. It presented a thin population scattered over a vast extent of terIt is cause of sincere congratulation to the people ritory-disunited by habits and local circumstances, of the United States and to the friends of liberty in without even a name as a nation-without revenue every part of the world, to discover that the holy and destitute of all warlike munitions or organized spirit of union is working mightily among our citi military force. zens. Party, or faction, had so fairly seized on the It was under these discouraging circumstances minds of some that they could not shake it off im-that our memorable declaration of independence was mediately. They are not yet enabled fully to ap- might have deterred, and dangers which might have ushered forth to the world.-Difficulties which preciate the exact situation of their country, con

stitutionally, and after years of patience and for appalled the stoutest resolutions, encompassed their bearance, involved in war with a foregn nation, way on all sides; but animated by an invogorating with whom they have had such intimate connec- zeal for liberty, they boldly resolved to surmount tion by commerce and otherwise. The interests of them-to break their chains-or perish in the atsome are particularly injured by the war, as they tempt

must be in any event of the kind; and they are dis- A band of heroes, who would have shed new lussatisfied. But when the whale community shall tre on the brightest days of Roman or Grecian hishave time for reflection, the great body of the peo their country. tory, gathered round the new raised banners of sple will settle down into a genuine American feeling Under a series of gloomy and disi-all will admit that there are abundant causes for astrous events, they evinced an inflexible fortitude war with Great Britain, and resolve by unity of ac- made to yield the wholesome fruit of experience, united with the most active courage. Adversity was ion to harrass and distress the foe and bring him to terms, as speedily as possible. In the mean time and the Howers of victory were engrafted upon the let the majority bear patiently with the honest dif thorns of defeat. Our unjust and infatuated tyrant, ferences of opinion of their brethren-between who, counting on our imbecility, had despised our which and treason there is a vast distinction. If the manly but just remonstrances, was vanquished— gallant Rodgers shall return from his present cruize, was humbled and compelled in the most solemn after having captured, sunk or destroyed 50 or 60 of our rights, that declaration which, in the insomanner to acknowledge, as the legitimate assertion ships of the enemy-or the brave Hull shall break up the infernal nests at Amherstburg and Malden, every American will rejoice.

channel.

*William Pinkney, esq. attorney general of the The tide of joy as United States, was originally appointed to deliver well as of sorrow) will flow through a common the oration--the reading of the declaration of independence being assigned to lieut. col. Winder; but unexpected absence from the city prevented Mr. P. from complying with the request of the committee.

It is only necessary to add, that in this city the day passed over without even an accident to mar its pleasures or disturb the general harmony,

ED. REG.

lence of power, had been branded as rebellious.-ism from them, boldly undertook the arduous labor. Yes, my fellow citizens, the result of that glorious All the anticipated difficulties and many not foreseen struggle was, that you have the proud right of ce- were successfully encountered, and from the united lebrating this day as the anniversary of your inde wisdom of as bright a constellation of statesmen as pendence and liberty. But for the magnanimous ever acted together, sprang our present unrivalled patriotism of the sages and heroes of the revolution, form of government. This government was the you might have had to deplore it the era of hopeless result, not of the profoundest wisdom only, but slavery. of the 'most disinterested virtue: political animosi Our wrongs first, our dangers afterwards, had ties, local interests, private grievances, state consupplied the want of a regular and well constituted sequence, favorite systems; in fine the most pow government-our patriotism and courage, the want erful and obstinate passions of the human heart, were of resources. But the struggle over, the danger all surrendered as the price of its purchase. passed, the frailty of our nature had nearly proved fatal to us. Discontents, jealousies, resentment for the supposed ingratitude of their country had begun to swell the breasts of many of those gallant heroes who had in the field so nobly vindicated the liberties The fruit of this government has been a series of and avenged the wrongs of their country. In an twenty years of unexampled prosperity-the ulti Al-fated moment they seemed ready to surrender the mate measure of human happiness was here filled rich prize of their victories into the grasp of their up-in the condition of humanity, reason has novanquished, exasperated foe, and to tarnish the thing more to hope.

Departed heroes, witness that your generous example is not lost on us-Genius of America, spirit of Washington, look down and behold our obedience to thy parting admonitions!

bright mantle of glory which surrounded them. But all sublunary affairs are transitory and we At this awful portentuous moment, Washing-this day stand admonished that we must not allow ton, transcendant among heroes and patriots, ap- ourselves to subside into the idle dream of undispeared again to save them at his approach, the ge- turbed enjoyment or the unwarrantable hope that nius of discord retired, abashed and confounded; he we are to enjoy happiness without the allotted price renewed fortitude and sustained his war-worn com of its purchase. panions, and confirmed them in the resolution to The great rival competitors of Europe for power sacrifice every comfort, to suffer every distress to and dominion, viewed with corroding jealousy and complete the salvation of their country. Their pri- distrust, the rising consequence and power of our vate grievances, their galling discontents, their country: a thick and rapid succession of injuries heart rending anguish from supposed ingratitude, and insults has been heaped upon us; the struggle were all sacrificed on the altar of their country. between them seems to have been which could mul Can we recollect this magnanimous effort, this tiply their wrongs and enormities with most inge glorious surrender of irritated feeling; of exaspera- nuity-patience, forbearance and remonstrance on ted passion-and refuse to banish from our bosoms our part have been opposed to them as long as a the intollerant spirit of faction, excited from no per- just and proper respect for ourselves would permit : sonal injuries, springing from no unrequited scenes we have at length been roused under our injuries; of danger and suffering; but arising solely from a and, no other hope remaining, have appealed to difference of opinion upon subjects, about which the the God of battle for redress-Arise then, my counwisest and best men may and have honestly differed ? trymen, and with all your strength second the appeal No, my countrymen, this assemblage, indiscrimi. which has been made by the constituted authorities of nately composed of persons of all parties, uniting your government-What was before a question has together the hail the return of this auspicious day, now become a law-let us therefore, by an united, is no slight evidence that the spirit of the fathers of vigorous effort prove, that however we may differ our independence has descended upon us; that we are not altogether unworthy of them.

But this is not the only, perhaps not the greatest instance of mananimity in the sacrifice of private feeling, of party animosity and rankling passion, to public weal which the short history of our country affords.

The political association which, under the sting of injustice and the pressure of danger, served to unite us together and conduct us through the revolation, was found insufficient, when those extrinsic causes of union and concert were removed.

on particular questions of policy, we shall ever hold inviolate the obedience which we owe to every legitimate act of our government, and shall always oppose an undivided resistance against every hostile assailant.

Dandled as we have been in the lap of prosperity, and enervated by an indulgence in the gratifications which rapidly increasing wealth and luxury afford; we had, I fear, begun to fall off from the spirit of our revolutionary fathers; our high and keen sense of insult and injury was blunted by the baneful ing fluence of luxurious peace, and our ardent sensibiliThe history of mankind furnished no example of ty, our jealous regard of national honor began to government founded upon the free and deliberate fade before the meretricious charms of inglorious choice of a nation. This glory was reserved for our ease and tranquility.

bappy country. But when it is recollected how va- A nation to be great, must disregard privation, rious, how extensive, how complicated this subject toil and danger, in comparison with national glory was in itself, how interwoven with the motley, he to be happy, she must prefer safe and honorable erogeneous, conflicting passions, wants and local peace to restless and warlike ambition; but to diversities of this extended empire; how easy it was secure safe and honorable peace, she must prefer for vice and ambition, without danger of detec-even the horrors of war to unsafe and inglorious ion, to assume the garb of virtue and patriotism, peace: shew yourselves ready to act on these max. the formation of a government, which might seeure ims, now and at all times, and you may soon have The happiness of their country, presented a task, in and preserve an honorable and lasting peace; your the accomplishment of which, the most persevering rights, your happiness, your glory, will find a conigor might despair and the most sagacious intellect genial atmosphere, and will flourish with renewed have been confounded. The heroes and statesmen and increasing security and splendour. of the revolution, supported by some of their young- Let us cautiously avoid undervaluing the power, r brethren, who had caught the flame of patriot resources and character of our adversary: we wage,

Senatorial Address.

wealth of Massachusetts.

war with a great, gallant and powerful nation; the struggle requires that we bring to the contest our united will and power. Let every one devote him. Address of the Senate, to the People of the Commonself zealously to discharge his duty, and we shall terminate the conflict triumphantly; but if we The senate announce to their constituents that come to the contest with distracted wills and divided power, we shall certainly prolong and increase its WAR exists between the United States and Great evils, and may even render the issue doubtful.Britain and its dependencies. This last resort of Dissention, discord, tumult and violence, will lead injured nations is at all times a most serious event; us into the horrors of a civil war, and prepare us at the present peculiarly solemn. It is a war against an easy victim of foreign conquest or domestic des violence and rapacity, by an unoffending nation, potism-our excellent government; our prosperity aloof from the vortex and collision of European and happiness; that great pillar of our salvation, politics-whose utmost ambition was to live in hoUNION may be swept away, and the remembrance norable peace with the world-at home to enjoy the of it only preserved, to embitter the sorrows of our equal benefits of a republican government-and aposterity and aggravate the sigh of despair which broad to carry the productions of its soil and inwill be heaved for the folly and infatuation of their dustry in the usual channels of legitimate com

ancestors.

merce.

"Your government, the offspring We will not enter into a detail of the injuries in of your own choice, uninfluenced and unawed, adopted upon full flicted on us, nor of the flimsey pretexts by which investigation and mature deliberation, free in itse has affected to justify her outrages-It is suffi principle, in the distribution of its powers uniting cient to say that England no longer pretends to dissecurity with energy, and containing within itself guise her ambitious designs, under the pretence of a provision for its own amendment, has a just clair bounded right to dominion, only because she as retaliation on her enemy. She asserts her unto your confidence and support. Respect for its authority, compliance with its laws, acquiescence sumes unbounded power. She annexes conditions in its measures, are duties enjoined by the fundamento the repeal of her orders which she knows we have tal maxims of true liberty.

no right to require of her enemy-which she knows are impossible-thus adding mockery to her long train of perpetrated injuries. With the boldness of the highwayman, she has, at last, stripped the mask from violence, and vindicates her aggressions and impressments on the only plea of tyrants: that of whim and convenience. The same plea extends to the weltering victim of savage barbarity on our frontiers.

"The alternate dominion of one faction over another, sharpened by the spirit of revenge, natural to party dissention, which in different ages and countries, has perpetrated the most horrid enormi ties, is itself a frightful despotism-but this leads to a more formal and permanent despotism. The disorders and miseries which result, gradually in eline the minds of men to seek security and repose It was not sufficient that we were remote from in the absolute power of an individ al; and sooner European politics, and courted peace under every or later the chief of some prevailing faction, more sacrifice:-acquiesced in minor injuries-remonfortunate than his competitors, turns this disposi strated against those of a deeper die-forbode until tion to the purposes of his elevation on the ruins of forbearance became pusillanimity-and finally re public liberty. tired from the scene of controversy, with the delu "There is an opinion that parties in free counsive hope that a spirit of mode ation might succeed tries, are useful checks upon the administration of that of violence and rapine. We were hunted on the government and serve to keep alive the spirit of the ocean-Our property was seized upon by the liberty. This, with certain limits, is probably convulsive grasp of our now open and acknowledg true; and in governments of a monarchial cast, ed enemy, and our citizens forced into a cruel and patriotism may look with indulgence, if not with ignominious vassalage. And when we retired, we favor, upon the spirit of party. But in those of were pursued to the threshold of our territory-oule the popular character; in governments purely elec- rages of an enormous cast, perpetrated in our bars tive, it is a spirit not to be encouraged-From their and harbours-the tomahawk of the savage uplitted natural tendency, it is certain there will always be against the parent-the wife-the infant, on out enough of that spirit for every salutary purpose-frontiers :-and spies and incendiaries sent into the and there being constant danger of excess, the bosom of our country to plot with the desperate effort ought to be, by force of public opinion, to and ambitious the dismemberment of our gomitigate and assuage it; a fire not to be quenched, vernment, and involve us in all the horrors of a it demands an uniform vigilance to prevent its burst civil war. ing into a flame; lest, instead of warming, it should consume."

of

We have sought in vain for the motives of this horrible warfare. What British subject has ever When retiring from a career of public life, more been personally injured by America? What British uniformly great and virtuous than any before had property has ever been confiscated or condemned? been exhibited, and seeking the shade of retirement What insult has ever been offered to the ensigns and tranquility, it was thus that Washington ad-national authority? In a time of profound peace,dressed his countrymen. Let the principles which when we were supplying their citizens with the pro he inculeated sink deep into your hearts and ani ducts of our soil, and replenishing their coffers mate your conduct, so shall he not have lived in by a lucrative commerce-with no disputes const vain, and you reap the rich harvest of happiness cerning territory-with no armies or navies to ex and freedom which his virtues, aided by the courage cite their national jealousies- We have experienced and patriotism of your ancestors, have acquired, injuries and outrages, at which the humanity and which their generous example makes it imperious duty, as I am sure it is your settled de termination, to transmit unimpaired to your pos terity.

your

modern warfare revolts.

The constituted authorities of the United States

in congress assembled, submitting the justice of their cause to the God of battles, have at length de

An Address

Of Members of the House of Representatives, of the Congress of the United States to their Constituents, on the subject of the war with Great Britain.

clared WAR against this implacable foe: a WAR for the protection of commerce :-A WAR for the liberties of our citizens:-A WAR for our national sovereignty and independence:-A WAR for our repub lican form of government, against the machina-The undersigned, Members of the House of Representatives, to their tions of despotism.

Constituents.

The senate affect not to disguise from their con- A republic has for its basis the capacity and right of the people stituents, that the times are times of peril. The ene public is the responsibility of the representatives to their constituto govern themselves. A main principle of a representative remies of republics are on the alert. The present is ents. Freedom and publicity of debate are essential to the predeemed the favorable time for the dismemberment servation of such forms of government. Every arbitrary abridg of the union-that favorite project of the British go-ment of the liberty of the people. Every unnecessary concealment ment of the right of speech" in representatives, is a direct infring vernment-which has been attempted by their au- of their proceedings, an approximation towards tyranny. When, thorised agent and we have alarming proofs is by systematic rules, a majority takes to itself the right at its pleasure, of limiting speech, or denying it, altogether; when secret countenanced and cherished by citizens of this go-sessions multiply; and in proportion to the importance of questions, vernment. Yes we say with assurance, that a is the studious concealment of debate, a people may be assured, deep and deadly design is formed against our happy that, such practices continuing, their freedom is but short-lived. Reflections, such as these have been forced upon the attention union. We say it from conviction forced upon our of the undersigned, members of the house of representatives of the minds-from declarations from responsible sources: They have witnessed a principle, adopted as the law of the house, United States, by the events of the present session of congress. from intrigues that have existed between the ene by which, under a novel application of the previous question, a mies of republics and an authorised British spy-at any stage, and under any circumstance of debate. And recent power is assumed by the majority to deny the privilege of speech, and from a settled determination in individuals to ly, by an unprecedented assumption, the right to give reasons for oppose the government in the prosecution of the an original motion, has been made to depend upon the will of the war now forced on us.

majority.

Principles more hostile than these to the existence of representaThe senate will not assert that there exists a partive liberty, cannot easily be conceived. It is not, however, on ty (in the two grand divisions into which parties these accounts, weighty as they are, that the undersigned have are generally divided in the United States, and on importance impels them to the present duty. undertaken this address. A subject of higher and more immediate which the senate are reluctantly compelled to ani The momentous question of war with Great Britain, is decided. madvert) which gives countenance to such nefari. On this topic, so vital to your interests, the right of public debate, in the face of the world and especially of their constituents, has ous projects. The great body of the people are A been denied to your representatives. They have been called mericans. It is the enemies of republics of whom into secret session, on this most interesting of all your public rela tions, although the circumstances of the time and of the nation, we speak-monarchists in principle and by profes-afforded no one reason for secrecy, unless it be found in the appre sion; who disguise not their enmity to our happy hension of the effect of public debate, on public opinion; or of government, and do not conceal their intention Except the message of the president of the U.States, which is now public opinion on the result of the vote. to embrace the opportunity of popular disaffec- before the public, nothing confidential was communicated. That tion and commotion to attempt a revolution.-message contained no fact not previously known. No one reason for war was intimated, but such as was of a nature public and noDeeply impressed with the solemnity of the crisis, torious. The intention to wage war and invade Canada, had been and with the dangers attendant on our beloved long since openly avowed. The object of hostile menace had been country, as well from our declared enemies as our navy, for successful invasion, and the insufficiency of the fortificaostentatiously announced. The inadequacy of both our army and intestine toes, the Senate have contemplated the tions for the security of our seaboard were, every where known. duties which as members of the social compact been carefully kept in ignorance of the progress of measures, until Yet the doors of congress were shut up on the people. They have each individual owes to his country-and they de the purposes of administration were consummated, and the fate of clare them to be a firm support of the the government country sealed. In a situation so extraordinary, the under of his choice. The rightful authority has decreed. signed have deemed it their duty by no act of theirs to sanction a proceeding, so novel and arbitrary. On the contrary, they made Opposition must cease: He, that is not for his every attempt, in their power to obtain publicity for their proceed country is against it. The precedents on recordings. All such attempts were vain. When this momentous subject was stated, as for debate; they demanded that the doors should be will serve for your guide. When engaged with this opened. same enemy, our fathers obeyed the calls of their country, expressed through the authority of their edicts. In imitation of their example, let the laws every where be obeyed with the most prompt ala-would be little less than treachery to the essential rights of a free crity; let the constituted authorities be aided by the patriotic efforts of individuals; let the friends of government rally under committees of public safety, in each town, district and plantation; let a common centre be formed by a committee in each county, that seasonable information may be given of every movement of the enemy. Let our youngndersigned to reconcile the great duty they owe to the people, men who compose the militia, be ready to march at a moment's warning to any part of our shores in defence of our coast. These precautions are ren dered necessary against our external foe, and the internal machinations she may again attempt. These measures are sanctified by the example of our fathers in our revolutionary struggle-And relying on the patriotism of the whole people, let us commit our cause to the God of battles, and implore his aid and success in the preservation of our dearest rights and privileges.

IN SENATE, June 26, 1812-Read and accepted.
SAMUEL DANA, President.

The address of the house of representatives shall e inserted hereafter.]

This being refused, they declined discussion; being perfectly convinced, from indications, too plain to be misunderstood, that in the house, all argument, with closed doors, was hopeless; and that any act, giving implied validity to so flagrant an abuse of power, people. In the situation to which the undersigned have thus been reduced, they are compelled reluctantly to resort to this public declaration of such views of the state and relations of the country, A measure of this kind has appeared to the undersigned to be more as determined their judgment and vote upon the question of war. imperiously demanded, by the circumstances of a message and which the causes for war were enumerated and the motives for manifesto being prepared, and circulated at public expense, in it concentrated, in a manner suited to agitate and influence the public mind. In executing this task, it will be the study of the with that constitutional respect, which is due to the administrators of public concerns.

In commencing this view of our affairs, the undersigned would fail in duty to themselves, did they refrain from recurring to the course, in relation to public measures, which they adopted and have undeviatingly pursued from the commencement of this long minor consideration to, what they deemed, the best interests of the and eventful session; in which they deliberately sacrificed every country.

disapproved, a series of restrictions upon commerce, according to For a succession of years the undersigned have from principle their estimation, inefficient as respected foreign nations and inju rious, chiefly, to ourselves. Success, in the system, had become identified with the pride, the character, and the hope of our cabinet. As is natural with men, who bave a great stake on the suc cess of a favorite theory, pertinacity seemed to increase as its hopelessness became apparent. As the inefficiency of this system could not be admitted by its advocates, without casuring its abandonment, ill success, was carefully attributed to the influence of oppo

sition.

To this cause the people were taught to charge its successive failures and not to its intrinsic imbecility. In this state of things the undersigned deemed it proper, to take away all apology for ad