the proceedings upon the said message of the presmend the said bill by adding thereto a new section dent be had and conducted with open doors. as follows: And the question being taken, Sec. And be it further enacted, That from and It was determined in the negative-Yeas 45-after the passage of this act, that the act entitled Navs 77. "An act concerning the commercial intercourse YEAS.-Messrs. Baker, Bartlett, Bleecker, Boyd, Breckenridge, between the United States and Great Britain and Brigham, Champion, Chittenden, Cooke, Davenport, Ely, Emmott, Fiance and their dependencies and for other purpoFitch, Gold, Goldsborough, Hawes, Jackson, Key, Law, Lewis, Мя con, M'Bryde, Milnor, Mostly, Pearson, Pitkin, Potter,Quiaey, Ran ses," passed the 1st day of May, 1810, and also the dolph, Reed, Richardson, Ridgely, Rodman, Stanford, Stewart, act entitled "an act supplementary to the act enti Sturges, Sullivan, Taggart, Taibadge, Tracy, Van Cortland,led "an act concerning the commercial intercourse Wheaton, White, Williams, Wilson-45. NAVS.—Messrs. Aiston, Anderson, Archer, Bard, Bassett, Bibb, between the United States and Great Britain and Clapton, Condit, Crawford, Davis, Dawson, Desha, Dinsmoor, Earle, The said report was then on motion of Mr. Cal houn, ordered to lie upon the table. Mr. Calhoun from the same committee, on leave given, presented a bill declaring war between Great Britain and her dependencies and the United States and their territories, which was read the first time. An opposition being made thereto by Mr. Randolph The question was taken in the form prescribed by toe rules and orders of the house, to wit "shall the bill be rejected ?" And determined in the negative. Yeas 45, Navs 76 The yeas and nays being demanded by one fifth of the members pre-en's es," passed the 2d day of March, 1811. And also the act entitled "an act laying an embargo on all hips and vessels in the ports and harbors of the United States for a limited time," passed the 4th day of April, 1812,be and the same hereby are repealed." A motion was thereupon made by Mr. Nelson, that the bill and the proposed amendment be recom. mitted to a committee of the whole house. And the question being taken thereon, The question was then taken on the amendment proposed by Mr. Quincy, of And passed in the negative-Yeas 42-Nays 82. Those who voted in the affirmative are, Wilson-42. Farise who voted in the affirmative are: YEAS. Messrs. Baker, Bartlett, Bleecker, Boyd, Breckenridge, Thore who voted in the negative are, Brigham, Champion, Chittenden, Cooke, Davenport, Ely, Emolt, Fitch, Gold, Goldsborouzu. Hifty, Jackson, Key, Law, Lewis, sett, Bibb, Blackledge, Boyd, Brown, Burwell, Butler, Calhoun, NAYS.-Messrs. Alston, Anderson, Archer, Bard, Bartlett, Bas MBryde, Metcalf, Milior, Mitchill Mosely, Newbold, Pearson, Pit Carr, Cochran, Clopton, Condit, Crawford, Dawson, Desha, Dins bing Potter, Quincy, Randolph, Red, Ringels, Rodman, Stanfordmoor, Earle, Findley, Fisk, Gholson, Goodwyn, Green, Grundy, Stewart Sturges, Sullivan, Taggart, Tallmadge, Tracy, Van Cort landt, Wheaton, White, Wilson--45. Tose who voteo nithe negative are, MEDD, Morgan, Morrow, Nelson, New, Newton, Ormsby. Pickens, The cut bill was then read the second time and committed to a committee of the whole house to day. The house revolved itself into a committee of the whole house on the said bill; and after some time spent therein, Mr. Speaker resumed the chair and Mr Bussett reported,that the committee had accord ing to order had the said bill under consideration and made some progress therein, and directed him to ask leave to sit again. Ordered, That the committee of the whole house have leave to sit again on the said bill. B. Hall, O. Hall, Harper, Hawes, Hufty, Hyneman, Johnson, Kent, And passed in the affirmative-Yeas 78, Nays 45. The yeas and nays being demanded by one fifth of the members present; Those who voted in the affirmative are, Those who voted the heative are, NAYS-Messrs. Baker, Bartlett, Bleecker, Boyd, Breckenridge, Brigham, Champion, Chittenden, Cooke, Davenport, Ely, Emott, And then the house adjourned until to morrow Fitch, Gold, Goldsborough, Hufty, Jackson, Key, Law, Lewis, morning 11 o'clock, Maxwell, M Bryde, Metcall, Milnor, Mosely, Newbold, Pearson, Pit kim, Potter, Quincy, Randolph, Reed, Ridgely, Rodman, Stanford, Thursday, June 4, 1872.-A motion was made by Stewart, Sturges, Sullivan, Taggart, Talluauge, Tracy, Van Cort: Mr. Milnor, that the doors he now opened. And the question being taken, It was determined in the negative. landt, Wheaton, White, Wilson-45. Ordered, That the said bill be read the third time this day. The said bill was engrossed and read the third time accordingly and the question stated that the same do pass? Whereupon, The house then resolved itself into a committee of the whole house on the hill declaring war between Great Britain and her dependencies and the United States and their territories: and after some tiine nant therein, Mr. Speaker resumed the chair and Mr. Bassett ren rted that the committee had accord-until the first Monday in October next. into order had the said bil under consideration and made no amendinent thereto. A motion was then made by Mr. Quincy, to a A motion was made by Mr. Randolph that the Fasther consideration of the said bill be postponed 81. And the question thereon being taken, The yeas and nays being demanded by one fifth Smith, J. Smith, Strong, Talliaferro, Troup, Turner, Whitehill, Williams, Widgery, Winn, Wright-79. of the members present; Those who voted in the negative are, Those who voted in the affirmative are, NAYS.-Messrs. Baker, Bartlett, Bleecker, Boyd, Breckenridge Messrs. Baker, Bartlett, Bleecker, Boyd, Breckenridge, Brigham, Carr, Champion, Chittenden, Cooke, Davenport, Ely, Emott, Fitch, Brigham, Champion, Chittenden, Cooke, Davenport, Ely, Emolt, Gold, Goldsborough, Hufty, Jackson, Key, Law, Lewis, M Bryde, Fitch, Gold, Goldsborough, Hufty, Jackson, Key, Law, Lewis, Milnor, Mosely, Newbold, Pearson, Pitkin, Potter, Quincy, Kan- Maxwell, Bryde, Metcalf, Milior, Mitchill, Mosely, Newbold dolph, Rd, Ridgely, Rodman, Stanford, Stewart,Sturges, Taggart, Pearson, Pitkin, Potter, Quincey, Randolph, Reed, Ridgely, nud Tallmadge, Tracy, Van Cortlandt, Wheaton, White, Wilson-42. nan, Sammons, Stanford, Steward, Stow, Sturges, Sullivan, Taggart, Tallmadge, Tallinan, Tracy, Van Cortlandt, Wheaton, Wante, Those who voted in the negative are, Wilson-49. Messrs. Alston, Anderson, Archer, Bard, Bassett, Bibb, Blackledge, Brown, Burwell, Butler, Calhoun, Cheves, Cochran, Clop-war between Great Britain and her dependencies, ton, Condit, Crawford, Davis, Dawson, Desha, Dinsmoor, Earle, Findley, Fisk, Gholson, Goodwyn, Green, Grundy, B. Hall, O and the United States and their territories." Mail, Harper, Hawes, Hyneman, Johnson, Kent, King, Larock, Le Mr. Poindexter moved to have inserted on the fever, Little, Lowndes, Lyle, Macon, Maxwell, Moore, MCoy, M Kee, journal a declaration in the following words: M'Kini, Metcalf, Mitchill, Morgan, Morrow, Nelson, New, Newton, Ormsby, Pickens, Piper, Pleasants, Pond, Richardson, Ringgold, George Poindexter, delegate from the MissisRhea, Roane, Roberts, Sage, Seaver, Sevier, Seybert, Shaw, Smilie, sippi territory, not having a constitutional right to G. Shita, J. Smith, Strong, Talliaferro, Troup, Turner, Whitehill, record his suffrage on the journals of the house, Williams, Widgery, Winn, Wright-81. A notion was then made by Mr. Stow, that the on the important question under consideration, and farther consideration of the said bill be postponed until to morrow. being penetrated with a firm conviction of the propriety of the measure, asks the indulgence of the house to express his own, and the sense of his con And the question thereon being taken, It was determined in the negative-Yeas 48-stituents, in support of the honorable and dignified Nays 78. The yeas and nays being demanded by one-fifth of the members present; attitude, which the government of his country has assumed, in vindication of its rights against the lawless violence and unprecedented usurpations of the government of Great Britain." The said paper was read and ordered to lie on the table. Those who voted in the affirmative are, Messrs. Avery, Baker, Bartlett, Bleecker, Boyd, Breckenridge, Brigham, Champion, Chittenden, Cooke, Davenport, Ely, Emott, Fitch, Gold, Goldsborough, Hofty, Jackson, Kent, Key, Law, Lewis. Maxwell, M'Bryde, Milnor, Moseley, Newbold, Pearson, Pitkin, Mr. Macon and Mr. Findley were appointed a Potter, Quincy, Randolph, Reed, Ridgely, Rodman, Sammons, committee to carry the bill entitled "An Act deStanford, Stewart, Stow, Sturges, Sullivan, Taggart, Tallmadge, claring war between Great Britain and her depenTracy, Van Cortlandt, Wheaton, White, Wilson-48. Those who voted in the negative are, dencies, and the United States and their territories," And then the house adjourned until to-morrow morning 11 o'clock. Messrs. Alston, Anderson, Archer, Bard, Bassett, Bibb, Black-to the senate, and to inform them that the house of A motion was then made by Mr. Goldsborough, that the house do now adjourn. And the question thereon being taken, it was determined in the negative-yeas 43-nays 82. The yeas and nays being demanded by one-fifth of the members present, Those who voted in the affirmative are, Those who voted in the negative are, Friday, June 5.-A motion was made by Mr. Macon, that the declaration of George Poindexter, entered on the confidential journal of yesterday, be expunged therefrom. And the motion was negatived, yeas 44, nays 62. Mr. Stanford moved, that the house proceed to consider the said declaration. The question being taken, it was determined in the negative. CONGRESS. From 'he National Intelligencer of Tuesday last. On Friday in the house of representatives a bili was reported" concerning letters of marque, prizes and prize goods." The title of the bill sufficiently Mesers. Alstom, Anderson, Archer, Bard, Bartlett, Bassett. Bibb, Blackledge, Boyd, Brown Burwell, Butler, Calhoun, Carr, Cheves, indicates its contents, the bill went through a com. Cochran, Clopton, Condit, Crawford, Davis, Dawson, Desha, Dins-mittee of the whole late on Saturday, and was read more, Earle, Findley, Fisk, Gholson, Goodwyn, Green, Grundy, B. Hall, O. Hall, Harper, Hawes, Hufty, Hyneman, Johnson, Kent, a third time, passed, and sent to the senate, where King, Lacock, Lefever,Little, Lowndes, Lyle, Macon, Moore, M'Coy, it was twice read and referred to Messrs. Taylor, M-Kee, M'Kim, Metcalf, Mitchill, Morgan, Morrow, New, Newton, Anderson, Varnum, Cutts, and Smith of Maryland, Ormsby, Pickens, Piper, Pleasants, Pond, Richardson, Ringgold, Rhen, Roane, Roberts, Sage, Seaver, Sevier, Seybert, Shaw, Sni On the same day was reported by the committee Lir, G.Smith, J. Smith, Strong, Talliaferro, Troup, Turner, White of ways and means the following bill: hill, Williams, Widgery, Winn, Wright-82. Partially to suspend, for a limited time, the seve ral acts prohibiting importations from Great Bri tain, her dominions, colonies and dependencies, and of the produce and manufactures thereof. Be it enacted, &c. That the operation of so much of any act or acts as prohibit the importation into the United States of goods, wares and merchandise, Those who voted in the affirmative are, of the growth, produce and manufacture of the YEAS.-Messrs. Alston, Anderson, Archer, Avery, Bard, Basset, Bibb, Blackledge, Brown, Burwell, Butier, Calhoun, Carr, Cheves, dominions, colonies and dependencies of Great BriCochran, Clopton, Condit, Crawford, Davis, Dawson, Desia, Dins-tain, be, and the same is hereby suspended until the moor, Earle, Findley, Fisk, Gholson, Goodwyn, Green, Grundy first day of April next, with the exceptions and unB. Hall, O. Hall, Harper, Hawes, Hyneman, Johnson, Kent, King, The question was then taken, that the said bill do pars? And resolved in the affirmative-yeas 79—nays 49. The yeas and nays being demanded by one fifth of the members present, Lacock, Letiver, Little, Lowndes, Lyle, Macon, Moore, MCoy, der the restrictions hereinafter provided by this act : M Ker, M Kim, Morgan, Morrow, Nelson, New, Newton, Ormsby, Provided, that nothing herein contained shall be Pickens, Piper, Pleasants, Pond, Richardson, Ringgold, Rhea' Roane, Roberts, Sage, Seaver, Sevier, Seybert, Shaw, Smilie, G. construed to prevent the recovery of any fines, for feitures or penalties incurred by reason of any in-, All these may be dispensed with, so long as the sus fraction of the act or acts first above mentioned. pension continues, provided that the contemplated Sec. 2. And be it further enacted, that nothing in increase of one hundred per cent. on the duties on this act contained shall be construed to permit the importations shall take place. importation into the U. States of any articles of the It is not believed that the result would be materigrowth, produce, or manufacture of the dominions, ally affected by a modification or partial, instead of colonies and dependencies of Great Britain, owned an absolute suspension of the non importation. For at the time of such importation, in whole or in part, the amount of importations would be principally by a subject of Great Britain, or by whomsoever regulated by the amount of American funds already owned, if of the following description, viz: hats, in England, and by the subsequent consumption of shoes, millinery, ready made clothing, articles of American produce in Great Britain, Spain and Porwhich silk, leather, hemp or flax is the principal tugal, and the British West Indies respectively. If material Irish linens excepted; cloths of which a discrimination be thought eligible, it would seem wool is the principal material, and the prime cost of that the articles entitled to preference are colonial which shall exceed six shillings sterling per square produce, particularly rum, coarse woolens, middle yard thereof and cloths of which cotton is the prin- price cotton goods, Irish linens, earthen and glass cipal material, and the prime cost of which shall beware, hardware and manufactures of steel, tin, brass less than fifteen pence, or shall exceed three shillings and copper. Fine cloths muslins, plain cotton per square yard thereof; the importation of which goods, mauufactures of silk, hemp, flax (with the several articles shall continue to be prohibited ac above exception) and leather, paper, hats, shoes cording to the true tenor and meaning of the acts and millenary may either be altogether supplied by first above mentioned, and in the same manner as domestic manufactures or dispensed with. if this act had not passed." Accompanying the bill was the following letter from the secretary of the treasury: The annual importations of British colonial and domestic produce and manufactures could not be estimated at less than thirty-five millions of dollars, COMMITTEE ROOM, June 9, 1812. supposing (on the same grounds on which the other SIR-1 am directed by the committee of ways estimates of duties on importation in time of war and means, to request you to inform them, whe were made) that the war and other restrictions ther, in your opinion, the non importation act may should reduce the amount to one half, the proposed not be so modified or partially suspended, as to af-double duties collected on the residue, would pro. ford a revenue equivalent to the estimated amount duce a net revenue of at least five millions of dollars, of the proposed internal taxes, additional tonnage and greater therefore than all the proposed internal duty, and diminution of drawbacks; and in such taxes and duties and additional tonnage duty. event whether the last mentioned objects of revenue may not, for the present be dispensed with. I am, sir, with great respect, LANGDON CHEVES. TREASURY DEPARTMENT, 10th June, 1812. Permit me, however, to observe, with respect to this last duty, that, so far as relates to foreign vessels, the proposed addition appears necessary, and is hardly sufficient to compensate the great advan tages which war will give them over American ver sels, in the American commerce. It is proper to add, that all the bills for laying and collecting the direct tax and internal duties have been prepared in conformity with the former request of the committee, so that the whole subject SIR-I had the honor to receive your letter of may be taken up at this or any other time without yesterday asking whether, in my opinion, the non-any delay on the part of the treasury. The only importation act may not be so modified, or partially detail on which the information is not as complete suspended, as to afford a revenue equivalent to the as might be desired, is that of the quotas of the diestimated amount of the internal taxes, additional rect tax intended to be laid on the several counties tonnage duty, and diminution of drawbacks; and in each state. It is also believed that the system in such event, whether the last mentioned objects has been prepared in such manner that it may be of revenue may not for the present be dispensed organized, and all the taxes be in full operation in with? the month of April next, provided the laws are enacted before the commencement of the year 1813. I have the honor to be, With great respect, sir, Your obedient servant, ALBERT GALLATIN. All the estimates of revenue which have been transmitted during this session, having necessarily been made in conformity with the existing laws. were predicated on the supposed absolute prohibi tion of British produce and manufactures. These in ordinary, times amounted to more than one half Hon. LANGDON CHEVES, of the foreign merchandise consumed in the United Chairman of the committee of ways and means. States. The actual exclusion of the greater part of On Saturday the bill for imposing additional duthe articles of our own growth from France, Hol ties [of 100 per cent. on all former duties] passed land and Germany, the consequent nullity of our through a committee of the whole, was amended so commerce with those countries, and the conquest as to include an additional duty of one dollar and by Great Britain of their colonies, still more lessens fifty cents per ton on all foreign tonnage, and limitthe proportion of foreign articles which may be iming the continuance of the act to one year after the ported from other countries than the British do end of the war, and was then, after much debate, minions. ordered to be engrossed and read a third time. It It is therefore evident that the amount of duties was yesterday read a third time, and, after debate, on importations will be more than doubled in the was (on motion of Mr. Widgery) recommitted, and event of a suspension of the non-importation, and the house immediately took up the subject in comthat they will, whilst that suspension continues, afmittee. ford a revenue at least equivalent to the estimated A motion having been made to strike out 100 per amount of the proposed direct tax, internal duties, cent. and insert 75, was lost, as also was a motion additional tonnage and diminution of drawbacks.-to insert 50 per cent, The bill was then reported to the house without amendment. It was moved by Mr. Randolph to strike out the the words "one hundred," and lost ayes 51, nays 74. It was then moved by Mr. Basset that the bill lie on the table, and negatived. The bill was then ordered to a third reading, and read accordingly and passed-yeas 76, noes 48. Mr. Richardson's proposition to amend the bill by substituting in Mr. Pearson spoke against the restrictive system, and in favor of its total removal. Mr. Widgery and Mr. Calhoun followed on the same side. The question was taken by yeas and nays, and decided in the negative. Yeas 58, nays 61. Mr. Goldsborough noved to amend the bill, so as to permit the importation of all goods not owned by British subjects. Negativ On Saturday, a resolution was offered by Mr.ed, ayes 59, noes 60. Williams; and, after debate, was agreed to, in the following words: Mr. McKim moved to postpone the consideration of the bill, til! the 1st of February next. On this question no decision was had at 3 o'clock. War against England, Resolved, That the committee of commerce and manufactures be instructed to enquire into the expediency of prohibiting, during the continuance of the war, the exportation from and importation into the United States of all goods, wares and merchan Our ancient and inveterate foe, has at length been dise in any ship or vessel not belonging to citizens proclaimed by the constituted authorities of the of the United States. United States of America. For many years we A motion was made by Mr. Johnson on Friday, endured what no independent nation ought to have to direct an adjournment of both houses on Thurs- suffered for a moment, and pursued negociation day next. The resolution was taken up yesterday, like an ignus fatuus, becoming more and more inamended so as to fix Monday as the day of adjournvolved by insults and injuires; submission to one ment, and then ordered to lie on the table by a vote wrong preparing the way for another. In the valof 54 to 50. ley of humiliation, at the foot of the throne of her In senate a motion has been made and is now ideot monarch, at the threshold of the palaces of the pending, to appoint a committee to enquire at what knaves who administer the government in his name, day it would be proper to adjourn. we sought justice and begged for peace; not because Several other matters of inferior magnitude passed we feared war, but from that moderation which disunder the view of the house, among which was a tinguishes the people, as well as the government of resolution offered by Mr. Basset, to appoint a com the United States. While we thus entreated mermittee to enquire into the expediency of raising a cy, many thousand seamen, our brethren, neighbors particular force for the defence of the Eastern shore and friends, were groaning out a weary life on board of Virginia, which was ordered to lie on the table. the vessels of her navy; whipped, spurned and In the senate, on Friday, the bill authorising an kicked by every creature that pleased to abuse issue of treasury notes, was referred to a select com them; and some were murdered, basely and delibemittee composed of Messrs. Campbell of Ten. Bay-rately murdered, for nobly attempting to regain that ard and Smith of Md. "freedom which is their birth-right," for gallantly On motion of Mr. Smith of Md. on Saturday, designing to seek their liberty through blood and the president of the United States was requested to slaughter. The indignity, abuse and destruction of lay before the senate such information as he may our seamen, and through them, the violent assault possess respecting the hostile or friendly movements on the sovereignty of the country itself, has long and intentions of the Indians towards the U. States subsequent to the battle of Tippecanoe. The house of representatives sat a short time in secret yesterday, the doors having been closed at the instance o" Mr. Mitchill. A committee was appointed in the house of representatives to enquire into the expediency of pas sing a law to convene congress before the constitu tional period for the next session. cried for revenge, as preventive of the practice in future: for rather than admit the principle for one solitary hour, or in a single instance, that an American seaman, or a seaman sailing under the American flag, may be kidnapped by those Algerines, there is not a true man among us that would not exclaim"war-a war of extermination against them*.” Great Britain herself would nobly sink into absolute ruin before she would suffer her vessels to be so search Tuesday, June 23,-[After some private petitions had been dised or her seamen so carried away. How monstrous posed of and referred to a committee of the whole house for to-morrow. then is it for her to practise towards the United Mr. Calhoun, from the committee of foreign relations, reported States what she would indignantly refuse to permit a bill to prohibit the exportation of naval and military stores, arms, and the munitions of war and provisions, to Canada and cer- another to do to her people! It is traitorous, and tain other British provinces, and for other purposes. Read twice shews a mean and pitiful spirit, to palliate, or in any Mr. Cheves, from the committee on naval affairs, reported a bill manner excuse, or justify, the impressment of our making further appropriations for the defence of the maritime seamen by the British. It springs from a heart so frontier. Read twice and referred to a committee of the whole base and sordid, that he who is guilty of it may well The house went into committee of the whole, Mr. Bassett in the be suspected of a disposition to sell his father, mochair, on a bill to suspend for a limitted time, the operation of the ther, wife and children to the Turks for a handful po importation law." Mr. Richardson moved to amend the first section by striking of sequins; to till the soil, or gratify the lust of a out all the words after the enacting clause, and substitute in lieu master, as slaves. It is an idea that the British, as thereof a total repeal of the restrictive system. house. Mr. Bibb, Mr, Mitchill and Mr. M Kim, spoke in opposition to a nation, would spurn at, with the mind of one the amendment and in favor of the bill. The amendment was man; though some shop keepers might wish it tolerated, provided they made a few pence by the com negatived, 53 to 69. Mr. Williams moved to strike out the first section. Mr. Johnson spoke in favor of the bill and in opposition to strik-promise between the sovereignty of their country, and, indeed, the freedom of their own persons, and the pitiful profits of trade. ing out. Mr. Macon made some remarks in opposition to the bill, when the committee rose, reported progress, and the house refused leave to sit again. M. Richardson renewed his proposition to amend the bill. Mr. Williams moved that the further consideration of the bill be postponed indefinitely. This question was determined by ayes and noes, and were yeas 53, nays 69. Adjourned. On the various points now at deadly issue between our country and this foreign nation, after the able « War-a war of extermination against every Wednesday, June 24.-The house resumed the consideration of man, women and child of France." Speech in the the bill suspending for a limitted time, the non-importation act.-senate of the United States, 1799. and masterly manner in which they have been pour ficient to defray all the expences of government, and trayed in the message of the president, and in the reduce the loans, expected to be made, as fast as dereport of the committee of foreign relations, it be sirable. comes us to be silent, simply recommending a fre It is the law of the land that we fight England-it quent perusal of these papers to all who doubt the is also the will of the people, goaded by insults and justice of the stand we have taken. All the world injuries. Hitherto we have been divided into two has witnessed our forbearance-our desire of peace great political sections, but professed a common ob. has been attributed, even in our own country, to ject of preserving our glorious constitution pure fear. Let the world behold with how great force and inviolate, and of giving perpetuity to the preand power the slumbering Eagle will redress her sent system of things. An honest difference of wrongs when aroused from the nest where she opinion existed as to the best means of accomplishnourished her young, harmless and unoffending. ing these matters, though some perhaps may have Let her breast plate be UNION. had sinister views. At a time like the present, every It is the law of the land that we defend ourselves honest diversity of sentiment will be sacrificed, or, at from British aggressions: it is the legal authority least, suffered to rest in peace for a season, on the of the county that we shall retaliate our wrongs ALTAR OF UNION." All men admit (or at least as the only means to end them. For six years we every man but a knave or a fool, MUST admit) there have contemplated the necessity of this resort; the is just cause for war against England, if war can be idea has become familiar, and war has lost half its just, as quakers and some others deny. The inju horrors from being in perspective so long. Our ries received from France do not lessen the enormimeans to carry it on are ample; we are young and vigorous, in all the freshness of youth as to national resources. They require only to be called into ac tion; and we should contemn and despise the crea tore that underrates them. ty of those heaped upon us by England; nor can the crimes of one nation palliate the offences of the other. In this "straight betwixt two" we had an unquestionable right to select our enemy. We have given the preference to Great Britain, not only for The whole population of Great Britain is 12,562,144 our supposed capability to coerce justice from her, souls. The white population of the United States is but also on account of her more flagrant wrongs. about half as many. In Great Britain at least three For, putting her on a par with France as to her fifths of the laboring classes are paupers; in the violations of our commercial rights, what shall we United States there are none such but the halt, say of IMPRESSMENT, of the murders by the Indians, the lame, the blind, and the infirm and insane...On of the mission of Henry? Besides, France is invul. this population, so miserably oppressed and worn nerable to us; we might as well declare war against out, Great Britain levies war taxes to the amount the people of the moon as against her; but Great of 70 millions of pounds sterling, or about $25 per Britain is tangible in her tenderest points. It is annum for every man, woman and child on the is-contended by some that if one of these powers does land. Is any man prepared to say that we, a nation us justice, the other will follow the lead. Though of freemen, with full bellies and fertile land, could we do not subscribe to this doctrine in its fullest not pay as much were it necessary? Is the slave extent, we cannot suffer from making an experimore profitable than the free laborer? Compare ment of that which it was impossible avoid-for Ohio with some of the other states and answer the war was inevitable, save by the interference of Him question. Will the man who sees before him no who moulds the hearts and dispositions of man. other prospect than monotonous labour and pover It is not to be supposed that every man will apty, work as cheerfully and do as much, as he who prove a general measure; but the minority must beholds, in his industry, the ease of old age, with submit to the majority. It is the first principle of our independence for his children? solemn compact with each other-it is the life of A one hundredth part of the people of Great Bri-the republic; and of those even who disapprove of Lain cannot point to a spot, and say,-that is mine, a law, the majority will support it while it has au. or it belongs to my father, or uncle, or COUSIN. thority, though they may exert themselves to reBut a majority in these states can proudly place peal it. Unfortunately, and to the lasting disgrace their foot on the soil, and ex claim,-this is mine, or of those who are guilty of it, many endeavors are it belongs to my father. The road to competency making to raise up an opposition having for its obis free to all, and the same perseverance, frugality and ject the defeat of their own government and the industry that a poor Englishman exercises merely triumph of a foreign enemy. It will not amount to to exist at home, would make a man rich in the Uni much-the good sense ofthe people will prevail, as ted States, in a few years. Whence comes this hor it did in 1776. At that time about one third of the rible clamor about "taxes and loans and the like," inhabitants of these states were openly or covertly bat of anti American principles? In time of peace, opposed to independence: many through prejudice, every soul in England, on the average, pays a tax of some through fear, and a great number from bribery, 14 dollars per annum, to government. The United corruption and interest. The same causes may preStates, in time of WAR, require their people to ex vail to a certain extent at this day; and it is to be ert themselves, and pay two dollars each to fight expected that all that were tories in heart, or in their own battles, or less than one twelfth part of deed, in the war for establishing independence, will what Englishmen pay to support their oppressors. also be opposed to the war for preserving it. But God forbid that the time shall ever arrive when this the number of such is contemptible. We can watch people may be taxed like the people of England ;them better than our fathers were able to do. In but how contemptible it is, to be alarmed at the pay-1776, the vessel of state was launched into an unment of so pitiful a sum from the full coders of the known sea, to contend with a nation whose power nation at large, accumulated by many years of un it had been our pride to extol; with whom, and paralleled ease and prosperity! As to the loans, for whom, we had fought, bled and conquered; there is a fund that will pay them a thousand times and we were as children, devoid of arms and the over. We have 650 millions of acres of land to dis munitions of war, and destitute of every thing but pose of, which, in due time, will bring us two dol patience and courage. In 1812, we have a stable lars an acre. But independent of this, it is ascertain-and solid government, operating upon known and ad that the usual revenues, in time of peace, are suf-accepted principles to the remotest corners of our |