Art as a Social SystemStanford University Press, 2000 - 422 Seiten This is the definitive analysis of art as a social and perceptual system by Germany's leading social theorist of the late twentieth century. It not only represents an important intellectual step in discussions of art--in its rigor and in its having refreshingly set itself the task of creating a set of distinctions for determining what counts as art that could be valid for those creating as well as those receiving art works--but it also represents an important advance in systems theory. Returning to the eighteenth-century notion of aesthetics as pertaining to the "knowledge of the senses," Luhmann begins with the idea that all art, including literature, is rooted in perception. He insists on the radical incommensurability between psychic systems (perception) and social systems (communication). Art is a special kind of communication that uses perceptions instead of language. It operates at the boundary between the social system and consciousness in ways that profoundly irritate communication while remaining strictly internal to the social. In seven densely argued chapters, Luhmann develops this basic premise in great historical and empirical detail. Framed by the general problem of art's status as a social system, each chapter elaborates, in both its synchronic and diachronic dimensions, a particular aspect of this problem. The consideration of art within the context of a theory of second-order observation leads to a reconceptualization of aesthetic form. The remaining chapters explore the question of the system's code, its function, and its evolution, concluding with an analysis of "self-description." Art as a Social System draws on a vast body of scholarship, combining the results of three decades of research in the social sciences, phenomenology, evolutionary biology, cybernetics, and information theory with an intimate knowledge of art history, literature, aesthetics, and contemporary literary theory. The book also engages virtually every major theorist of art and aesthetics from Baumgarten to Derrida. |
Inhalt
Preface | 1 |
Observation of the First | 54 |
3 Medium and Form | 102 |
The Function of Art and | 133 |
Coding | 185 |
6 Evolution | 211 |
7 SelfDescription | 244 |
Notes | 319 |
403 | |
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Häufige Begriffe und Wortgruppen
aesthetics art system artistic artwork Ästhetik August Wilhelm Schlegel autonomy autopoiesis autopoietic beauty becomes boundary claim communication concept concerned consciousness context created criteria criticism difference differentiation distinction distinguish emergence evolution evolutionary example excluded external Federico Zuccaro first-order observation formal Frankfurt Friedrich Schlegel functional systems further genres Gotthard Günther Heinz von Foerster historical idea imitation indication individual internal Jacques Derrida Kant Karl Philipp Moritz Kunst Laws of Form literature longer meaning medium modern nature Niklas Luhmann notion novelty objects one's ornament painting paradox perception perspective poetry possible presupposes problem produced question quoted reality realm recursive reference reflection relationship remains rendered requires romanticism Schlegel second-order observation self-description self-reference sense side social system society speak specific Spencer Brown structural style symbol taste temporal theory of art tinction tion tradition trans unity unmarked space Werke work's