industry and frugality, have maintained their standing; in which case it appears plainly, that, A plowman on his legs, is higher than a gentleman on his knees, as Poor Richard says.

11. "Perhaps they have had a small estate left them, which they knew not the getting of: they think, It is dry, and will never be night; that a little to be spent out of so much, is not worth minding; but, Always taking out of the meal-tub, and never putting in, soon comes to the bottom, as Poor Richard says; and then: When the well is dry they know the worth of water. But this they might have known before, if they had taken his advice.

12. "If you would know the value of money, go and try to borrow some; for he that goes a borrowing, goes a sorrowing, as Poor Richard says; and indeed so does he that lends to such people, when he goes to get it back again. Poor Richard further advises and says: Fond pride of dress is sure a very curse;

Ere fancy you consult, consult your purse.

13. "And again: Pride is as loud a beggar as Want, and a great deal more saucy. When you have bought one fine thing, you must buy ten more, that your appearance may be all of a piece; but Poor Richard says: It is easier to suppress the first desire, than to satisfy all that follow it. And it is as truly folly for the poor to ape the rich, as for the frog to swell in order to equal the ox.

Vessels large may venture more,

But little boats should keep near shore.

14. "It is, however, a folly soon punished; for, as Poor Richard says: Pride that dines on vanity, sups on contempt. Pride breakfasted with Plenty, dined" with Poverty, and supped with Infamy. And after all, of what use is this pride of appearance, for which so much is risked, so much is suffered? It can not promote health, nor ease pain; it makes no increase of merit in the person; it creates envy; it hastens misfortune.

15. "But what madness must it be to run into debt, for these superfluities? We are offered, by the terms of this sale, six months' credit; and that, perhaps, has induced some of us to attend it, because we can not spare the ready money, and hope now to be fine without it. But, ah! think what you do when you run into debt; you give to another power over your liberty. 16. If you can not pay at the time, you will be ashamed to see your creditor; you will be in fear when you speak to him; you will make poor, pitiful, sneaking excuses, and, by degrees, come to lose your veracity, and sink into base, downright lying; for, The second vice is lying, the first is running into debt, as Poor Richard says; and again, to the same purpose: Lying rides upon Debt's back; whereas a free-born, honest man, ought not to be ashamed nor afraid to see or speak to any one living. But poverty onen deprives a man of all spirit and virtue. It is hard jor an empty bag to stand upright."

QUESTIONS.-1. What does Father Abraham say must be joined with industry? 2. How does he illustrate this? 3. Can you repeat some of the precepts which he gives? 4. Do you know who is meant by Father Abraham and Poor Richard?

LESSON LVI.

SPELL AND DEFINE.-1. BELLES, gay young ladies. 2. Co TIL' LON, a brisk dance performed by eight persons. 3. QUA DRILLE', a game of cards played by four persons. 4. VAUNT' ING LY, boastingly. 5. WAR' BLES, sings. 6. RUS TIC AL, pertaining to the country. 7. Drr'TY, a song. 8. Ex' QUI SITE, exact; complete. 9. Po' TENT, powerful. 10. E VAD ED, escaped; avoided. 11. WITCH' ER Y, sorcery; enchantment. 12. ARM OR Y, place where arms are kept. 13. POL'ISH ED, made smooth and glossy. 14. BURN' ISH ED, brightened; polished. 15. CoN' QUEST, victory; captivation. 16. ROUT, crowd; a fashionable assemblage.

Avoid saying boas for boast, wist for whist, d'rected for directed, and dart for and art.

Be careful to avoid a sing-song tone in reading the two follow ing pieces of poetry.

THE NEEDLE.

SAMUEL WOODWORTH

1. The gay belles of fashion may boast of excelling
In waltz or cotillon, at whist or quadrille;
And seek admiration by vauntingly telling

Of drawing, and painting, and musical skill;
But give me the fair one, in country or city,
Whose home and its duties are dear to her heart,
Who cheerfully warbles some rustical ditty,
While plying the needle with exquisite art:
The bright little needle-(")the swift-flying needle,
The needle directed by beauty and art.

2. If love have a potent, a magical token,
A talisman, ever resistless and true,—
A charm that is never evaded or broken,
A witchery certain the heart to subdue,--
'Tis this,—and his armory never has furnished
So keen and unerring, or polished a dart; .
Let Beauty direct it, so pointed and burnished,
And, oh! it is certain of touching the heart:
The bright little needle-(")the swift-flying needle,
The needle directed by beauty and art.

3. Be wise, then, ye maidens, nor seek admiration
By dressing for conquest, and flirting with all;
You never, whate'er be your fortune or station,
Appear half so lovely at rout or at ball,
As gayly convened at a work-covered table,
Each cheerfully active and playing her part,
Beguiling the task with a song or a fable,
And plying the needle with exquisite art:
The bright little needle-(")the swift-flying needle,
The needle directed by beauty and art.

QUESTIONS.-1. In what terms does the author express his admiration of those ladies that "ply the needle"? 2. What advice in the 3d stanza does he give to young ladies? 3. What celebrated piece, by the same author, in the same measure? Ans. "The Old Oaken

Bucket."

How, according to the notation marks, should the latter part of each stanza be read? How many accented syllables in each line of this poetry? What is such kind of poetry called?

LESSON LVII.

2.

SPELL AND DEFINE.-1. BREED' ING, bringing up; education. FAITH LESS LY, in a manner without faith; falsely. 3. No' BLE MAN, a person of noble rank, or birth. 4. IN TOL ER ANT, oppressive; tyrannical. 5. IM' PULS ES, instincts; motives; feelings. 6. TEM'PER ED, moderated; governed. 7. COR' DI AL, kind; loving.

Avoid saying affex for affects, it sease for its ease, nature sown for nature's own, finest tin for finest in, &c.

NATURE'S NOBLEMAN.

MARTIN F. TUPPER

1. Away with false fashion, so calm and so chill,
Where pleasure itself can not please;
Away with cold breeding, that faithlessly still
Affects to be quite at its ease;

For the deepest in feeling is highest in rank,
The freest is first in the band,

And nature's own Nobleman, friendly and frank,
Is a man with his heart in his hand!

2. Fearless in honesty, gentle yet just,

He warmly can love and can hate,

Nor will he bow down with his face in the dust
To fashion's intolerant state;

For best in good breeding, and highest in rank,
Though lowly or poor in the land,

Is nature's own Nobleman, friendly and frank,
The man with his heart in his hand!

3. His fashion is passion, sincere and intense,
His impulses, simple and true;

Yet tempered by judgment, and taught by good sense,
And cordial with me, and with you;

For the finest in manners, as highest in rank,
Is you, man! or you, man! who stand
Nature's own Nobleman, friendly and frank,

A man with his heart in his hand!

QUESTIONS.-1. What is the author's description of the character whom he designates as "nature's nobleman"? 2. What is meant by the line- "The man with his heart in his hand"?

What kind of emphasis on his and you, last stanza? Note VI, p. 21

LESSON LVIII.

SPELL AND DEFINE.-1. AN' GUISH, extreme pain. 2. CON DEMNATION, the act of condemning. 3. DO MES' TIC, pertaining to home. 4. E CON' O MY, frugality; saving. 5. PHIL AN THROP IC, pertaining to the love of mankind. 6. EM PRISE', an undertaking; an enter prise. 7. SIG NIF I CANT LY, meaningly; with force of expression. 8. DE CI DED LY, in a manner decided; positively. 9. Vi' ANDS, food; victuals. 10. GRUDG' ING LY, unwillingly. 11. NUR TUR ED, fostered; brought up. 12. EF FEM' I NATE, weak; unmanly. AP PLI AN CES, agencies; means. 14. LEDGER, the principal book of accounts. 15. CAS' U AL, accidental.

13.

Avoid saying gether for gather, fathers' stables for fathers' tables, &o.

THE FALSE POSITION

KNICKERBOCKER MAG.

Uncle. What do you mean, Anne, by the "undercurrent," which you and James appear to be so warmly discussing?

Anne. I was saying, Uncle, that there are a great many persons who suffer keenly from poverty; not truly for want of bread, or clothing, or even the ordinary comforts, and, I might add, many of the luxuries of life.

Uncle. Well, what kind of poverty is that which affords all the needful things, and many of the enjoyments of luxury? I'm like James; I can not see the "suffering" you talk about.

Anne. It is the anguish that settles upon the heart of every honest man, when he feels that he is living beyond his means.

Uncle. No man has a right to do that; it is dishonest, and should receive condemnation rather than pity.

Anne. Yes; that's very well; but for all you say, there are hundreds and thousands all through our cities and country, who do it, and are forced by circumstances so to live on from year to year, outwardly maintaining the appearance of rank and wealth; when, could we glide into the bosom of their every-day domestic economy, we should see heart-burnings, and toil, and scantiness, such as the world does not dream