Pamphlets on Railways: Together with Miscellaneous Reprints1841 |
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abstract number admit air-pump piston Alkanet amount apparatus Arithmetical ascer ascertained Atmospheric Railway atmospheric system bination blue calorimeter carbonic oxide carriage chlorine coated colour combination combustion consequently considered cooling copper correct cylinder deduced density discharging power Dulong effect equal equation equivalent form exhaustion exist expense experiments Formula Gamboge gramme oxygen grms heat evolved heat produced horse horse-power increased latter leakage length lines of curvature litre oxygen locomotive engine long valve mean pressure ments mercury miles per hour minute necessary observed obtained operation Peacock phosphorus pipe plates platina present principle protoxide Prussian blue pump radiating power rails ratio reporters represent Smooth species of quantity specific speed steam engine suppose surface Symbolical Algebra temperature Theorem thermometer tion tons traffic train travelling piston vacuum gauge velocity vessel weight whole Wormwood Scrubs zinc
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Seite 14 - On a line 30 miles long, supposing the average distance between the engines to be 3 miles, there would be 10 engines and airpumps with their engine-houses ; and if the railroad were appointed for transporting 5000 tons per day over the whole distance (considerably more than double the amount carried daily on any railroad in England), the expense of one of these stationary engine establishments would cost complete £4200, which, multiplied by 10, will give £42,000 — total cost on the whole line....
Seite 24 - From the foregoing remarks it will appear that the evils of the present system are entirely attributable to the use of locomotive power, and the remedy must be sought for in the employment of stationary power in its stead...
Seite 14 - ... of that produced on a horizontal plane, at the previous velocity ; the power being lost or absorbed, in the inverse ratio in which it requires to be augmented, precisely at the moment when it is most important to obtain an increase. This subject has been ably treated in the Second Report of the Irish Railway Commissioners (see notes D and E, pp. 104- to 110, which are understood to be from the pen of Professor Barlow). It is there...
Seite 8 - Association, the radiating powers of substances would not be rightly compared by equalizing their thickness upon a given surface, nor by equalizing their weights, but by ascertaining for each substance that thickness beyond which radiation does not take place. This will be placed in a clearer point of view in the sequel. I do not, however, consider the question at issue as the less difficult to determine, " no substance can be made to assume different colours without at the same time changing its...
Seite 8 - ... the merit of the invention, and the foundation of the patent ; the operation consisting first, in opening the valve to admit the free admission of the external air, to press on the back of the piston, and produce motion ; and then in effectually closing down and sealing the valve again, so as to leave the pipe in a fit state to receive the travelling piston of the next train, and ready to be again exhausted of its air. Stationary engines of sufficient power, proportioned to the amount of traffic...
Seite 17 - ... designedly perpetrated, could never happen at all. But for the sake of argument, we will suppose a pipe has been broken — no matter how ; the time of removing it and replacing it with another would be considerably less than the time now necessary to clear off the fragments of a broken engine and train after a collision ; and supposing a length of valve to require replacing, it could be done in less time than replacing a rail when torn up by an engine running off the line. If, instead of one,...
Seite 4 - ... been broken by lifting the valve, and which upon cooling becomes solid, hermetically sealing the valve as before. Thus each train in passing leaves the pipe in a fit state to receive the next train. A protecting cover, I, formed of thin plates of iron about 5 feet long, hinged with leather, is placed over the valve, and serves to preserve it from snow or rain ; the end of each plate underlaps the next in the direction of the piston's motion, thus insuring the lifting of each in succession, which...
Seite 23 - The fourth evil is the large consumption of fuel in proportion to the power obtained, which arises, in part, from the great velocity in the movement of the pistons, preventing the steam from acting on them with full force ; which causes a back pressure on the pistons, reducing their force in proportion to the velocity at which they move : the power of the engine is thus constantly diminished as the velocity of the train is increased. To so great an extent is the combined action of these defects felt,...
Seite 54 - There are many other incidental advantages, of an importance scarcely yet appreciable, which are obtained by the simple command of steeper gradients. It will be seen that this opens at once a much wider and more free choice to the engineer in the course of his line, and the expenses of compensation...