with only a man and maid, and passing through an unruly tumult with their swords in their hands, searched for their Commander, Jeffries, who, whilst he was loyal, had received many civilities from your father. I told him it was necessary that upon that change I should remove, and I desired his pass that would be obeyed, or else I must remain there. I hoped he would not deny me that kindness. He instantly wrote me a pass both for myself, family and goods, and said he would never forget the respect he owed your father. With this I came through thousands of naked swords to Red Abbey, and hired the next neighbour's cart which carried all that I could remove; and myself, sister, and little girl Nan, with three maids and two men, set forth at five o'clock in November, having but two horses among us all, which we rid on by turns. In this sad condition I left Red Abbey with as many goods as were worth £100 which could not be removed, and so were plundered. We went ten miles to Kinsale in perpetual fear of being fetched back again; but by little and little, I thank God, we got safe to the garrison, where I found your father the most disconsolate man in the world for fear of his family, which he had no possibility to assist; but his joys exceeded to see me and darling daughter and to hear the wonderful escape we, through the assistance of God, had made."

"But when the rebels went to give an account to Cromwell of their meritorious act, he immediately asked them where Mr. Fanshawe was. They replied he was that day gone to Kinsale. Then he demanded where his papers and his family were? at which they all stared at one another but made no reply. Their General said it was as much worth to have seized his papers as the town, for I did make account to have known by them what these parts of the country were worth.

The Colonel Jeffries mentioned by Lady Fanshawe in her Memoir was ancestor of the Jeffry family of Blarney. His son, Sir James Jeffry, in 1701, purchased this portion of the forfeited estate of the Earl of Clancarty.

The Red Abbey above referred to was originally the Augustinian Friary founded by Patrick de Courcy, Baron of Kinsale, in 1420. The tower, 64 feet high, and the walls of the church are still standing. At the suppression of the religious houses this priory with its belongings was granted to Cormac MacCarthy, son of Teigue Lord Muskerry. In Lady Fanshawe's time the Red Abbey appears to have practically become the Cork town house of Dean Boyle, a relative of the first Lord Cork, who was then Chaplain-General of the Munster army.

A few days after her escape to Kinsale, Lady Fanshawe says her husband received the King's order to go to Spain. En route to the Continent they had to travel to Galway to take ship there. At the beginning of their journey they stayed for two nights at Macroom Castle with Lord Clancarty, and were presented on their departure with a great Irish greyhound by Lady Clancarty. Hence they proceeded to Limerick city, and while in this neighbourhood they were entertained by Lord Inchiquin and also by Lady Honor O'Brien, the youngest daughter of the Earl of Thomond, in whose house they saw by night an appalling apparition, which always manifested itself when a death occurred in the family. In due time they arrived at Galway, where they were received by the owner of the house in which they lodged in the following terms:-"You are

welcome to this disconsolate city where you now see the streets grown over with grass, once the finest little city in the world."

They sailed from Galway early in February in a great ship of Amsterdam bound for Malaga in Spain, at which port they arrived in the beginning of March.

The rest of the Memoir being chiefly concerned with the doings and experiences of the Fanshawe family in Spain and Portugal, does not call for further notice in this Journal.

Distinguished Corkmen.

GENERAL STEPHEN MOYLAN.

GENERAL STEPHEN MOYLAN, one of the heroes of the American Revolution, was the very beau ideal of a cavalry officer, of splendid presence, dashing courage, rapidity of plan and execution, he was conspicuous in the army of the Revolution, in which he rose to be Brigadier-General.

He was a native of Cork; and came to America with his two brothers, Jasper and John, before the Revolution began. Another brother, Francis, remained in Ireland, studied for the priesthood, became Catholic Bishop of Kerry about 1775, and in 1786 was translated to the see of Cork, where he died in 1815.

Stephen Moylan was a successful merchant in Philadelphia when England's action towards her Colonies made resistance necessary. When the first guns were fired at Lexington he left his counting-house to enlist in a regiment that hastened to the American camp before Boston. His business experience led to his assignment to the Commissariat Department; but Moylan had not come to manage army supplies; and he chafed at being kept from active duty in the field.

His fine military figure and bearing caught the eye of General Washington, who, in March, 1776, placed him on the staff, and made him Colonel, by brevet, June 5th, 1776. After a time he was made Quartermaster-General, but this was not to his taste. He went back to Pennsylvania, and raised the Fourth Pennsylvania Regiment of the Light Dragoons, of which he was commissioned Colonel, January 8th, 1777. This regiment did good service in the field; and in operations, conducted by Mad Anthony Wayne, made its mark. It underwent the horrors of Valley Forge. It served to the end of the war; and Moylan's men left their record on battlefields from Connecticut to Carolina. Before its termination he was promoted to the rank of Brigadier-General.

On the close of the war he resumed business in Philadelphia, attempting to build up a fortune sadly shattered by his absence at the call of his adopted country. He was in the decline of life when this patriotic and able man was made United States Commissioner of Loans.

He was one of those also who organised and was first President of the Friendly Sons of St. Patrick in Philadelphia, in which city this. illustrious Corkman died, April 11th, 1811.

DANIEL CALLAGHAN, M.P.

THE Gentleman's Magazine for December, 1849, chronicles the death on the previous 29th of September, at his residence, Lotabeg, near Cork, aged 63, of Daniel Callaghan, Esq., M.P. for that city. He was the second son of Daniel Callaghan, one of the most enterprising and successful merchants of Cork; and was first returned to Parliament in 1829 by a combination of men of all parties. He supported the Reform Bill, and also became a Repealer; and despite opposition from various quarters continued for twenty years the representative of his native city. Mr. Callaghan had great knowledge of business; and was intimately conversant with the state of Ireland. He had acquired a large property from the provision trade. At one time it was the wish of some of the leading members of the Whig Party to have made him Vice-President of the Board of Trade; but Lord Melbourne objected on account of his having been a pledged Repealer. At a subsequent period, when that objection could not have been pressed against him, Mr. Callaghan had become indifferent to office. He died of cholera, but his health had for some months previous been declining.

SAMUEL SKILLEN, ARTist.

So little is now known of this comparatively recent Cork artist, that the following extract from the Gentleman's Magazine for June, 1847, deserves to be recorded here. Died, January 27th, 1846, at Cork, Mr. Samuel Skillen, painter. He became a student in London about three years before his death; and has since visited Portugal, Spain, Malta, and Italy, from whence he wrote some lively letters, which were published in the Literary Gazette.

JOHN AUGUSTUS SHEA.

This

THE Gentleman's Magazine for October, 1845, records the death of John Augustus Shea, at New York, in his forty-fifth year, on the 16th of August, 1845- Mr. Shea was a native of Cork, and there commenced his career in the counting-house of Messrs. Beamish & Crawford. During the few years of his employment in this establishment he devoted his brief moments of disengagement from business to an assiduous cultivation of those literary and poetical talents which he had evinced at an early age; and many and varied effusions from his productive pen were communicated to the Cork newspapers. He subsequently made a collection of these fugitives, which with his larger and more ambitious oriental romance, "Rudekki," he published by subscription in Cork city in 1826. work secured him the approbation of many, but the patronage, as he speedily discovered, of few indeed. In 1830 he determined to seek in the New World a wider field for the exercise of his abilities. His love of fatherland, however, never ceased; visions of his own far-distant land haunted him in all his peregrinations; and his poetical productions continued to testify the fervour of his attachment to the Green Isle he was fated never more to see. In 1843, he published at New York another volume of poetry, entitled Clontarf, an Historical Romance, treating of a subject referred to with particular pride by Irishmen-the defeat of the Danish invader, the ruthless devastation of Ireland for ages, and the

liberation of the land from bondage-only a few copies of which reached this side of the Atlantic. At one of the monster meetings of 1843, O'Connell received, nearly at the same moment, from the hands, we believe, of Hogan, the early friend of John Augustus Shea, at once the Repeal Cup, figured from the "Asion," or closed crown of the ancient Kings of Ireland, and Shea's Clontarf, amidst the plaudits of countless thousands. Poor Shea did not long survive this production; but ere yet his career had ended, he lost his wife, within a few months of its publication, after nearly twenty years of companionship, leaving to him the sole charge of a rather numerous family. He married again, a short time previous to his decease, his second wife being, like the first, a native of Cork.

DR. P. SHARKEY.

THE death lately at Berehaven of Doctor P. Sharkey, senior physician to the Cork General Dispensary, is recorded in the Gentleman's Magazine for March, 1840. In his collegiate career Dr. Sharkey was distinguished amongst the first, if not the best, of the Greek scholars of his day; and he won a prize for a Greek poem on a subject proposed to all the British universities by the Rev. Claudius Buchanan on the occasion of founding a college in India. He was also the author of a Latin poem on the death of Dr. Young, for which he was awarded a silver medal by the Historical Society; and he was the successful competitor for more than one of the Royal Irish Academy's Prizes.

LUKE H. BOLSTER, BOOKSELLER AND Publisher.

DIED March 17th, 1840, at Cork, Mr. Luke H. Bolster, bookseller. was persevering and industrious, no less than five or six books of considerable interest, by different authors, having during the last twelve months been the result of his unwearied exertions. His body was interred in St. Michael's, Blackrock; and the Rev. Mr. St. George, Rector of St. Paul's, delivered an affecting address on the occasion.-Gentleman's Magazine for May, 1840.

WILLIAM WEST, BOOKSELLER AND Author.

WILLIAM WEST, the author of Recollections of a Bookseller, a work published at Cork, is the only one of his craft connected with that city of whom anything like a biography exists in book-form. This book of "Recollections" was completed by him on his sixtieth birthday, October 23rd, 1830, when he was still a bookseller at Cork, with a large family of children and grandchildren. A native of Whaddon, in Croydon parish, Surrey, he was bound apprentice to Mr. Thomas Evans, a wholesale bookseller in Paternoster Row, of whose business he became manager. When he first settled as a bookseller at Cork does not appear, but he was there in 1808, when he published A Picturesque Description of Cork and its Environs, a 12mo. volume; and he remained in Ireland about thirty years. In 1830, he published, at Birmingham, his most important work, The History, Topography, and Directory of Warwickshire, which occasioned him a pedestrian tour of 7,000 miles. In the same year he compiled the

letterpress of Picturesque Views and Descriptions of Cities, Towns, Castles, etc., in Staffordshire and Shropshire. In 1837, Mr. West had returned to England, when a new edition of his "Recollections" appeared, "London, printed by and for the Author." In 1839, he became Editor of the Aldine Magazine of Biography, Bibliography, Criticism of the Fine Arts; or Annals of Authors, Artists, Books and Booksellers, which began December 1, 1838, and ended in June, 1839.

On his return to London he did not, we believe, enter into business, but was employed by the booksellers either as an assistant or in literary work. His son, Mr. Samuel West, was a portrait painter of considerable ability; his second grandson was an engraver on wood, and his eldest grandson an artist in zincography. Mr. West died in the Charter House on the 17th of November, 1854, in his 85th year.-Gentleman's Magazine for August, 1855.

J. C.

Notes and Queries.

The Cost of Living in Mitchelstown seventy years ago.-Travers Family.—Barrys of Annagh. — James Freney, the Highwayman.-St. Nicholas Parish Church, Cork.-Loss of the Cork Steamer "Killarney” in 1838.—Spencer Pedigree.

The Cost of Living in Mitchelstown seventy years ago.-In A Journey Throughout Ireland in 1834, by Henry D. Inglis (London, 1835), vol. i., p. 147, the following interesting particulars are given, and are adduced here, not in support of tariff reform, as some politically minded reader may suppose, but to shew that a County Cork town possessed very substantial attractions in those old days.

"Mitchelstown is a very cheap place of residence; and in proof of this, I annex the following list of prices.

"Beef sells at from 31d. to 4d. per lb. Mutton, at from 4d. to 5d. Lamb, in season, about 3d. Veal is rarely to be had, and is not of a good quality. Pork, about 24d., but is sometimes as low as 1d. per lb. Bacon pigs, average 20s. a cwt.

"Fish is scarce. A good cod may be bought for 2s. 6d. A haddock 6d. to Is. The very best salmon may be bought at 5d. per lb., and trout at Is. a dozen.

"Rabbits are sold at 8d. a couple. Turkeys, 3s. a couple; geese, Is. 10d. a pair; ducks, 1s. a pair; fowls, 10d. to Is. a pair.

"Bread of the first quality is 2d. per lb. Fresh butter, 9d. per lb. in summer; and Is. or Is. Id. in winter. Milk is sold at 31d. per four pints, all the year round. Vegetables are not supplied in great variety, or plenty, except potatoes, which average about 2 d. per stone.

"Coals are 26s. a ton; turf, Is. 8d. a horse load.

“A mason will receive for his labour 2s. a day; a carpenter, 2s. 6d. ; a slater, 2s.; but they cannot get constant employment.

"The rent of a good house, containing two sitting rooms, three bed rooms, good attics, a commodious basement story, with garden, coach house, and stables, rents at about 201. per annum. Smaller, but respectable houses, may be had at rol." J. BUCKLEY.