point of view, but he would mention the utilitarian aspect of the question. There were parts of Scotland which possessed no advantages in the way of scenery, but they possessed interest for tourists because it was the country of Sir Walter Scott. In Ireland they possessed objects of interest of which no other country could boast, and they would prove a great attraction if they were preserved and made known.

Mr. Beytagh, Solicitor, explained the powers which the County Council had in the matter. They could expend money on the preservation of the monuments, and prosecute in cases where they were injured.

Colonel Grove-White spoke of the ruins in the north of the county. There was Ballybeg Abbey and Bridgetown Abbey, and a good deal could be done to preserve them, as well as other objects of interest in the way of ruins and monuments.

Canon Moore mentioned several ruins in his parish, and how much could be done for their preservation by the expenditure of some few pounds. For example, in a churchyard, there was an old tower which was struck by lightning in the middle of the eighteenth century, and in the year 1807 the base was removed and built into the foundations of a house. He had compiled a history of the ruin, and so made some reparation for the piece of vandalism committed. The north-east of the county of Cork contains a great deal of material on which money could be expended with advantage.

Rev. Father Dwyer, O.P., said he took an interest in some of the ruins mentioned by Canon Moore, because they were remains of houses of his Order. He was most anxious to have all historic ruins and monuments looked after. It was a pity to see them in such a neglected state. These monuments and ruins were the landmarks of history. On them were footprints of time, and they should be preserved for the present and future generations.

Mr. Dalton also spoke, and pointed out that these monuments were the only authentic documents they had of the history of their country and the greatness of their ancestors. Apart altogether from the aesthetic. point of view, the Council should take steps for the preservation of these ancient objects of interest.

The Chairman said the first question was as regards their duty, and their duty was to do it. Formerly this duty devolved on the Board of Public Works, and the only thing he knew about it was that they did it badly. He would ask Mr. Exham how they stood regarding the matter. Mr. Exham, Solicitor to Council, said the Council has now the power of the Board of Works, that is, with the consent of the owner of the monument, they could undertake the maintenance and repair of it. They could also undertake prosecutions.

The Chairman said the first thing he would suggest was that they should approach the Board of Works and ask them what they want to do, and why they would evade their duty?

Mr. Beytagh-They will do nothing.

The Chairman said if the Board of Works were entitled to spend money on it they should find out why it was they did not spend their money on it instead of the County Council being asked to spend theirs.

Councillor C. O'Callaghan agreed with the Chairman, and said from a national point of view this was one of the most pressing things that had been brought before the Council. He suggested that they should direct

their Secretary to communicate with the Board of Works with regard to the monuments that existed in the county, and he was sure every county councillor, in his respective district, would see that the monuments that existed there were scheduled.

The Chairman said they were all in favour of preserving these monuments, but, first of all, they should demand some right over them, because he would object to spending money in private work if afterwards they would not be allowed to have control over it. He would suggest that, in addition to the list that could be supplied by county councillors, that the deputation should also send in a list of the monuments that required improvements, and they could then ask the County Surveyor to inspect them and give an estimate of the probable cost of the necessary work. He would certainly be then for approaching the Board of Works and asking them why they would not carry out the impovements.

The Chairman's suggestion was agreed to, and the members of the deputation, having returned thanks, retired.

Letters were received from the following, regretting they were unable to attend the deputation :

Robert Day, President of the Society, F.S.A, Cork: "You are, of course, aware that the Government have a department in Dublin to whom are entrusted the care of certain tabulated ancient remains, Pagan and Christian, in the country; and I have no doubt that any such structures recommended by the County Councils would be added to the list of those already made, and so saved from injury and destruction. Any help that our local Society in Cork can give will be most heartily at your service, and I need scarcely add that you will be most welcome to make any use of my name in such a patriotic and important matter.'

Major-General F. W. Stubbs, V. P. R.S.A., Vice-President Society, Cork : "As I am away from Cork, I will not be able to attend the deputation to the County Council the day after to-morrow, but fully join in its object, and hope that every effort may be made to preserve all historical remains in this county; raths, mounds, standing-stones are in special danger from the levelling and utilitarian tendencies of the present day, especially as they have no certain known histories. I almost wish the belief in the "good people" had not so far died out, it had an influence which preserved many Irish remains from destruction.'

Sir Robert Uniacke Penrose-Fitzgerald, Bart., M.P., Corkbeg Island: "I agree with you, it is time something was done to preserve our antient monuments. It is one of much national importance.

The O'Donovan, D.L., Liss Ard, Skibbereen: "I consider the preservation of ancient monuments a matter of importance, and I hope your deputation may be successful in helping to preserve them from damage, whether by time or other causes."

Rev. Michael Canon Higgins, P.P., Castletownroche: "I need not tell you that I am in the fullest sympathy with the object of your meeting. I daresay there are many members of the County Council who would not be very willing to tax the ratepayers, even lightly, for what they regard as heaps of worthless old stones, but I trust the majority of the Council will not be of that mind."

Rev. Cornelius Canon Cahill, P.P., Glanworth: "Wishing you every success in your praiseworthy efforts."

Rev. P. A. Sheehan, D.D., P.P., Doneraile (the well-known author): "I consider the object of your deputation is a very commendable one, for next after the preservation of our language and our history ranks in importance the preservation of the ancient monuments scattered so widely over the country, and which, if not saved now, will very soon have crumbled entirely away."

Edmond Synan, Charleville: "I need not say the object has my entire sympathy, and any little support I can give the movement shall be a labour of love to me."

Mr. Arthur Hill, M.R.I.A., Cork: "However people may differ as to the practical value of speaking Irish, there can be none as to the importance of maintaining everything of historical importance we have in the country."

H. L. Tivy, J.P., Cork: "I thoroughly approve of the steps taken by the C. H. and A. Society."

Letters were also received from James Coleman, Secretary Society; Richard Barter, J.P.; W. H. McMahon, J. J. Horgan, Solicitor; and Robert Walker, J.P.

Notes and Queries.

Notes on Parish of Kilshannig in April to June Number.-Cork and Bristol.-The "Sirius."A rare Cork Imprint.-Feargus O'Connor.

Notes on Parish of Kilshannig in April to June Number.-Mr. Berry is not entirely correct as to townland of Kilpadder. The name, I presume, is from a pre-existing cell on the site of the present Roman Catholic chapel, Kilpadder, the Fathers' Church. The cottage residence in which the late Rev. James Hingston, and afterwards a Mr. Foot and a Mr. Christopher Crofts lived, is now non-existent.

The first connection of my family with the place was the late Mr. James Butler Stopford, who was married to Elizabeth, daughter of late Rev. Edmund Lombard, of Lombardstown, who took a lease from late Mr. Christopher Crofts, for lives renewable for ever, of part of the lands of Kilpadder North, in or about year 1801, and then built the present dwellinghouse and erased the former cottage. In or about 1811 he sold his interest to his brother-in-law, the late Captain Edmund Lombard, who resided here until his death in year 1848, who bequeathed to my late father, James Hunt, from whom I derive. The said Rev. Edmund Lombard, of Lombardstown, who died in year 1799, never resided in Kilpadder or had any connection with it.

The "wart well" mentioned exists no longer over ground. I drained it with adjoining springs. EDMUND LOMBARD HUNT.

Danesfort (Kilpadder), Mallow,

20 July, 1905.

Cork and Bristol.- His Majesty's War Office Steam Packet Severn (with a Royal Mail), Burden 350 tons, and Engines of 120 Horse Power, N. S. Parker, Commander, will be despatched from Cork every Tuesday and

Bristol every Saturday with passengers and goods" [here follow the sailings from May to September, 1829]. "A Female attends the Ladies' Cabin. Refreshments to be had on board at moderate prices. Berths secured at Warren's Place, Hare's Corner. The Severn plies throughout the winter Bolster, Printer." See vol. i., new series, April, 1895, for an article on the Port of Cork Steamships, from 1815 to 1889, by Mr. W. J. Barry.

The "Sirius."-Annexed are particulars of the historical voyage of the "Sirius," which may interest the public. She had a dog for a figurehead, a curious emblem of her name, and had only two masts. She was built in Scotland.

The "Sirius" steamer, under command of Lt. Richard Roberts, R.N., left London for New York, advertised to call at Cork to coal-up on the 28th March, 1838, and sailed from Passage Quay at 10 a.m. on the 4th of April. Distance run-April 5th, 135 miles; 6th, 106 miles; 7th, 140 miles; 8th, 85 miles; 9th, 136 miles; 10th, 95 miles; 11th, 165 miles; 12th, 190 miles; 13th, 220 miles; 14th, 200 miles; 15th, 205 miles; 16th, 195 miles; 17th, 112 miles; 18th, 126 miles; 19th, 145 miles; 20th, 180 miles; 21st, 195 miles; 22nd, 195 miles, afternoon, 72 miles. Total, 2,897 miles, 18 days; average, 161 per day. The "Sirius" arrived at New York at 9 p.m. on 22nd April.

The "Great Eastern," Lt. James Hoskin, left Bristol on 8th April, arriving at New York on 23rd at 3 p.m. She made an average of 208 miles per day (best 247, least 130).

The "Sirius" thus claimed to be the first steamer that had made a "bona fide" steamer voyage from England to America.

After her return she made a second voyage under Captain Stephen S. Mowle.

A rare Cork Imprint.-"His Majesty's most gracious Speech to both houses of Parliament on Thursday, December 5th, 1782. Cork: Printed by William Flyn at the Shakespeare. [Price 2 pence.]" It contains 3 pages measuring 8 by 13 inches, and has the following paragraph relating to Ireland: "The liberal principles adopted by you concerning the rights and commerce of Ireland have done you the highest honour, and will, I trust, increase that harmony which ought always to subsist between the Two Kingdoms. I am persuaded that a general increase of commerce throughout the Empire will prove the wisdom of your measures with regard to that object. I would recommend to you a revision of our whole trading system upon the same comprehensive principles, with a view to its utmost possible extension."

These "liberal principles," which were working so beneficially, were dragged from an unwilling Parliament in Dublin by the Irish Volunteers of 1782.

R. D.

Feargus O'Connor.-The following particulars copied. from the "Gentleman's Magazine" for November, 1855, correct some errors as to the date and place of death of Feargus O'Connor in the sketch of him given on page 240, vol. ix. (1903), of this "Journal, and supply some interesting though melancholy details as to the closing years of this once famous Chartist leader and County Corkman. According to the "Gentleman's Magazine," Feargus O'Connor's death took

place on the 30th of August, 1855, aged 59, at the residence of his sister, Miss O'Connor, in Albert Terrace, Notting Hill, London. It is generally admitted that Mr. O'Connor was an honest though rash enthusiast. Although his Land Scheme was a complete failure, and involved many in disappointment and ruin, it betrayed no personal or mercenary views. He did not fatten on his supporters, but rather spent and exhausted himself and his own means in their behalf. They acknowledged this self-sacrifice in the motto displayed at his funeral"He lived and died for us."

He was still Member for Nottingham when during the session of 1852 he exhibited on various occasions conduct so extravagant and violent, that he was committed by the Speaker to the custody of the Serjeant-at-Arms; and at length it was manifest that he was permanently insane. He was thereupon committed to the care of Dr. Tuke, of the Manor House, Chiswick, under whose care he remained until within ten days of his death. Dr. Tuke published a remarkable report of his patient's condition during those three years, in which he said: "I first saw Mr. O'Connor on the 16th of June, 1852. I had been sent for by the House of Commons, and found him in the custody of two policemen, who had orders to remain constantly with him. He had been thus confined in an apartment at the top of the House of Commons for fourteen days. He was in a state of considerable excitement, talking volubly and loudly, exclaiming against the Speaker, who had imprisoned him, he said, 'for nothing at all'; and in the next breath praising him enthusiastically as the best Speaker and the most capital fellow that ever lived. He addressed those around him as 'your majesty,' or 'you ruffian'; seemed to delight in terrifying his visitors by pretended violence, but manifested great timidity when checked by his guardians. He was unable to command his attention, sometimes singing, sometimes bursting into tears. He appeared to retain to a great extent his memory; and had perfect consciousness of his situation, and the reason for it. I expressed to the Committee of the House my opinion of his insanity, and my willingness to take charge of him. A Speaker's warrant was made out; I signed an undertaking to keep him till the pleasure of the House was known in safe custody; and Mr. O'Connor was delighted to go down to Chiswick with me at once. He was under the impression that he was a State prisoner, and to be treated entirely as a visitor, and under this impression he always remained. He made himself quite at home in my house; and as is invariably the case in this form of brain disease, expressed himself perfectly well and happy; everything was with him 'couleur de rose'; and it would have been impossible to make him feel miserable, even if the experiment had been tried. His nephew kindly spent a part of every Sunday with him while under my care. One or other of his friends saw him constantly. He used to accompany them to the gate, and if they offered to take him with them, he would reply: "I am to dine here to-day, and go to-morrow to the House of Commons in the doctor's carriage'; and to this formula he adhered long after the House was dissolved, and he had ceased to be Member for Nottingham. Though his recollection of preceding circumstances was strong, his memory of the events of the last three months before his committal by the Speaker seemed entirely gone. During that time he had been drinking as much as fifteen glasses of brandy daily: and this may account for his violence in the House. He had a curious passion for counting; and would carefully number the books or chairs in a room, the tassels of the curtains, or the figures in a picture. He played whist remarkably well; and would recite long speeches with wonderful exactness, sometimes inducing visitors to suspect that he only 'feigned' insanity, and was not really insane. Early in 1853 it became neces