The Internal Combustion Engine: Being a Text Book on Gas, Oil and Petrol Engines for the Use of Students and EngineersConstable, 1908 - 326 Seiten |
Andere Ausgaben - Alle anzeigen
The Internal Combustion Engine: Being a Text Book on Gas, Oil and Petrol ... H. E. Wimperis Keine Leseprobe verfügbar - 2017 |
Häufige Begriffe und Wortgruppen
adiabatic alcohol amount atmospheric benzol burnt products calculated calories calorific value carbon carburettor cent Centigrade coal coil coke compression ratio connecting rod constant volume cooling crank cubic foot curve cylinder walls diagram Dugald Clerk effect energy entropy equation exhaust gases expansion experiments explosion extra air figures formula fuel gallon gas engine gas producer give given governor heat at constant horse-power hydrogen ignition increase indicator internal combustion engine jacket lever loss magneto maximum mean measured mechanical efficiency Messrs method mixture obtained oil engine Otto cycle paraffin passes perature petrol engine pipe piston plant pressure proportion quantity revolutions revolutions per minute S₂M scrubber shaft shown shows spark specific heat speed square inch steam engine stroke suction T₁ T₂ temperature tests thermal efficiency throttle tion trembler Tripos vaporizer velocity weight
Beliebte Passagen
Seite 108 - B with the sound velocity where y is the ratio of the specific heat at constant pressure to the specific heat at constant volume, and p is the gas pressure.
Seite 59 - At (a) it has been burnt nearly at atmospheric pressure, and compressed after burning to about 6J atmospheres absolute, while at (c) it has been first compressed to about six atmospheres as in a gas engine, and then ignited without any subsequent compression. At the point (d) much heat has been lost, since this is the first point on the wall reached by the flame ; the gas here is ignited when the pressure is about two atmospheres, its temperature rises instantly to 1,300° C. and at once begins to...
Seite 109 - When the engine is running fully loaded the temperature of the exhaust gases left in the clearance space at the end of the exhaust stroke is...
Seite 51 - Mixtures of coal-gas and air are not inflammable until the volume of coalgas is greater than one-seventeenth of the combined volumes. Only a very small fraction of the gas then burns, the amount burnt rapidly increasing with increased richness of the mixture until the coal-gas is one-twelfth of the total volume. The least inflammable of the constituents then burns, and combustion becomes and remains complete so long as air is in excess. In these latter cases it is still probable that the constituents...
Seite 59 - C., and then remains nearly stationary for some time. A few centimetres below the spark the temperature will rise rapidly and then fall ; the flame reaches the wire, and is then carried upward and away from it, the wire being cooled by the current of cold, unburnt gas which follows in the wake of the ascending flame. About 1 second after ignition, and while the pressure is still less than 10 Ibs.
Seite 141 - IN the Report of the Committee of the Institution of Civil Engineers on the Efficiency of Internal Combustion Engines*, the following remark occurs (page 247) : It would be desirable, but for one circumstance, to calculate the relative efficiency only from the indicator horse-power. But it appears that in the case of gas engines, and especially gas engines governed by hit-or-miss governors, the indicator diagrams do not give as accurate results as is generally supposed. The diagrams vary much more...
Seite 235 - VALVE from which the oil can flow back to the tank. If the speed rises beyond the required point the governor opens this latter valve and the quantity of oil getting into the vaporizer is therefore reduced. On the return stroke of the piston the mixture is compressed and some of it forced back into the hot vaporizer, where the temperature is so high that ignition occurs and a working stroke is therefore made by the piston. The vaporizer chamber can, of course, be taken out and cleaned when desired....
Seite 285 - Pressed against this platinum screw by means of a spring 6, is the contact breaker lever 7, which is connected to the armature core and therefore with the beginning of the primary winding. The primary winding is therefore short-circuited as long as lever 7 is in contact with platinum screw 5. The circuit is interrupted when the lever is rocked. A condenser 8 is connected...
Seite 152 - The indicated work is practically the same in both trials and the sum of the other two items is the same also, but the distribution is different. Less heat flows through the cylinder walls as determined by the author's new method, and the exhaust gases contain more heat than the Committee's calorimeter trials show. The ordinary trials show 9-3 per cent. too much heat as passing through the cylinder-walls, and practically the same amount too little appears in the exhaust calorimeter. That is, 18'8...
Seite 58 - suppressed heat " is to be largely, if not entirely, accounted for in this way. My experiments do not support such a view as this ; they appear to me to prove that even in the weakest mixtures combustion, when once initiated at any point, is almost instantaneously complete. Moreover, they show that the specific heat of the products is very much greater at high temperatures than at low, and the extent of the difference seems to justify the view that it is the main reason of the so-called