cuse the king. 4. Has the queen been condemned to death? (No.) 5. Who will be condemned to death? 6. Who have been accused of treason? 7. We shall be presented with two beautiful books. 8. Have you not been presented with a very fine dog? 9. Had not the Greeks been conquered by the Romans? 10. By whom were the Romans conquered? 11. We shall be conquered by the enemy.

LESSON LIX.

Subjunctive Mood of the Passive Voice.

342. PARADIGM of the Subjunctive Passive.

PRESENT (1st root), may or can be loved, &c.

Am-arĕr,

Am-ārēris (re),

Am-ārētur ;

Am-ārēmur,

Mon-ērēmur,

Am-ārēminī,

Am-arentur.

IMPERFECT (1st root), might, could, &c., be loved, &c.

Mon-ērĕr, Rĕg-ĕrĕr, Aud-irěr,

Mon-ērēris (rě), Reg-ĕrēris (rě) Aud-īrēris (rě),
Mon-ērētur ; Reg-ĕretur; Aud-iretur;

Reg-ĕrēmur, Aud-īrēmur,

Mon-ērēmini, Reg-ĕrēmini, Aud-īrēminī,
Mon-ērentur. Reg-ĕrentur. Aud-irentur.

PERFECT (3d root-perf. part. and sim or fuĕrim), may have

PARADIGM-Continued.

PLUPERFECT (3d root-perf. part. and essěm or fuissĕm), might have been loved, &c.

Amat-us essěm, Monĭt-us essěm, Rect-us essěm, Audīt-us essěm, Amat-us esses, Monit-us esses, Rect-us essēs, Audīt-us esses, Amat-us esset; Mõnit-us esset; Rect-us esset; Audīt-us esset; Amat-i essēmus Mõnit-i essēmus Rect-i essēmus Audit-i essēmus Amat-i essētis, Monit-i essētis, Rect-i essētis, Audit-i essētĭs, Amat-i essent. Mõnit-i essent. Rect-i essent. Audit-i essent.

343. RULE OF SYNTAX.-Verbs signifying to separate from, or deprive of, are followed by the ablative in addition to the accusative of the direct object; e. g',

(a) 1. Non sum tam imprudens ut verbis speciōsis decipiar. 2. Bonae leges a principibus sanciantur. 3.

*The emphatic word is generally written between the two parts of this word; thus, nē grānō quidēm, not even a grain.

Praeparētur animus contra omnia. 4. Praebeātur senectūti perfugium. 5. Ne me luce privētis. 6. Ne grano quidem uno pauperes fraudētis. 7. Pauperes ne grano quidem uno fraudentur. 8. Invitus te furti accusaverat. 9. Caius, vir summo ingenio, Romae vivit.

(b) 1. Be not deceived 2. Let him not be, deceived. 3. I was so imprudent as to be deceived (that I was deceived) by specious words. 4. You will not be so imprudent as to be deceived by flattery. 5. Let all good laws be observed by the citizens. 6. The boys fled that they might not be punished. 7. Do not defraud the poor. 8. Let not the poor be defrauded. 9. May they never be defrauded by you. 10. You shall never be defrauded of even a single grain by us.

LESSON LX.

Imperative Mood-Active and Passive.

346. THE Imperative mood expresses a command, an exhortation, or entreaty. It is used only in the present tense, and in the second and third persons.

347. If a negatíve accompanies the imperative, it must be expressed in Latin by nē (instead of non); e. g., Nē peccatě, do not sin.

REM.-It will be remembered that a command or exhortation may also be expressed by the present subjunctive (231).

348. The imperative is formed from the first root by the addition of the following endings:

P. 2. Mon-ětě or mon-etōte,advise ye Mon-ēminī, be ye advised.

REM.-The second forms of the imperative (to, tote, nto, &c.) are used in laws, rules, and other formal expressions of duty or permission.

350. VOCABULARY.

Ac, and.

Aměrĭcānus, ă, ŭm, American.
Audirě. iv, it, to hear, listen to.
Castīgārě, āv, āt, to chastise.
Cogitare, av, at, to think about.
Compescere, compescu, to re-
strain, repress.

Exōrārě, av, at, to supplicate.

Lībĕrī, ōrum (pl.), children.
Nōměn, inis, name.
Pernicies, ei, destruction.
Populus, I, people.

Que (joined to the word ut con

nects), and.

Conjux, ŭgis, m. or f., husband, Ruěrě, ru, ruit (or rut), to rush.

wife, spouse.

Conservarě, av, āt, to preserve.

Consilium, ī, advice, instruction. Corrumpěrě, corrup, corrupt, to mislead, corrupt.

Sălas, atis, f., safety.

Scrīběrě, scrips, script, to write.
Sĕpělírě, iv, sěpult, to bury, inter.
Tonderě, totond, tons, to shear,
shave.

Defendere, defend, defens, to de- Vestěr, tră, trăm, your.

fend.

Dēgluběrě, děglups, deglupt, to

flay, to skin.

Vidērě, vid, vis, to see.

351. Exercises.

(a) 1. Caium ne accusa. 2. Balbum ne accusate 3. Tonde oves: ne deglube. 4. Tondēte oves: ne deglubĭte. 5. Audi, puer, consilia sapientium. 6. Audīte, pueri, consilia sapientium, et vidēte, ne in perniciem ruatis. 7. Exorare, mi (115) pater, compesce iram. 8. Nemo in urbe sepelitor. 9. Lex erat his verbis scripta: "Nemo in urbe sepelītor." 10. Audi, mi fili (103, N.), ab improbis ne corrumpitor. 11. De vobis ac de liberis vestris cogitate. 12. Conservāte vos, conjuges, liberos, fortunasque vestras. 13. Populi Romani nomen salutemque defendite.

(b) 1. Do not accuse me of theft. 2. Let him shear the sheep. 3. Let no one break the laws. 4. Let the laws be observed. 5. Do not chastise the slave. 6.