211 Specification of the Patent granted to WILLIAM CHAMBERS DAY, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Ironfounder and Weighing Machine Manufacturer, for Improvements in Machinery for Weighing.-Sealed February 14, 1849. WITH AN ENGRAVING. To all to whom these presents shall come, &c., &c.My invention consists of a combination of mechanical parts for producing weighing machinery. And in order that my invention may be most fully understood and readily carried into effect, I will proceed to describe the drawing hereunto annexed, in the various figures of which the same letters of reference are used to indicate the same parts. Description of the Drawings. Fig. 1, shows a front elevation of the machinery. Fig. 3, shows a plan, with the platform and upper parts of the machinery removed; and Fig. 4, shows part of a vertical section of the machinery. a, a, is the platform on which the article or thing to be weighed is placed: this platform has a back, b. The platform, a, is carried by the lever, c, the knife edge steel bearings of which rest on the steel parts, e, e; these bearings constitute the point or fulcrum about which the lever moves. j,j, are knife edge bearings of steel, which are carried by the lever, c, and it is on these bearings that the platform, a, is received, there being steel pieces, k, fixed on the underside of the platform, a, as shown. The lever, c, when weighing, is lifted by the rod, i, so that it will be seen that the lever, c, is supported by its fulcrum, d, at one end, and by the rod, i, at the other; the platform, a, acting on this lever, c, intermediate of the points, d, and g. And it is this arrangement of the platform, a, with the lever, c, combined with steelyard weighing apparatus, as hereafter explained, which constitutes the chief peculiarity of this weighing machinery. The connecting-rod, i, connects the lever, c, with the steelyard weighing apparatus, o, the fulcrum of which is carried by the links, p, and lever handle, q, as shown. The lever handle, q, when in the position shown in the drawing, holds the parts in position for weighing, and when the lever handle is removed from under the fixed hook, r, the platform, a, will rest on the lower part, f, of the framing of the machinery. The steelyard weighing apparatus, o, is adjusted as heretofore by a weight, s, moveable on a fixed screw; the other end of the steelyard is guided by fixed guides, t, and the steelyard apparatus has a weight or scale, u, suspended therefrom, by adding weights to which, the platform will weigh articles or things of greater weight than when the apparatus is used in the state shown in the drawing, as is well understood in the machines known as Fairbank's weighing machines,-of which machines the present invention may be said to be an improvement, by materially simplifying the arrangement of levers for supporting the platform, which, according to this invention, is done by a simple lever, in place of the compound levers of Fairbank's machine. And in order to keep the platform, a, correct, I apply the instrument, , which by the end, l', rests on a triangular bearing fixed to the upper framing, as shown at fig. 5; the other end, l, enters an eye, n, which is fixed to and carried by the back, b, of the platform, a, the hooked portion, 1, sliding freely in the eye, n. And I would state, that this mode of having a back, b, with an instrument, 7, may be also applied to Fairbank's machines, when weighing sacks and other articles requiring such support. I would, however, state, that a similar instrument to , has before been employed to a back of the platform of a weighing machine, but in such case the platform was supported by the end of a lever, and not within the fulcrum, as when applied to the present machine, or Fairbank's machine. v, v, are wheels at the back of the machine, by which the machine may be moved in the manner of a barrow, when inclined so as to rest on the wheels; at other times the machine rests on the lower part, f, of the framing, and not on the wheels. Having thus described the nature of my invention, and the manner of performing the same, I would have it understood that I do not confine myself to the details herein shown and described, so long as the peculiar character of my invention be retained, as variations may be made in respect to such details without departing from my invention. But what I claim is, the mode herein described of combining a platform, a, with a lever, c, and steelyard weighing apparatus. I also claim the employment of the part, l, to retain the back of a platform correct, when the platform is supported within the fulcrum, as in respect to the lever, c, and in the machines called Fairbank's machines. And I also claim the mode of applying two wheels to the back of a weighing machine, as herein described.-In witness, &c. WILLIAM CHAMBERS DAY. Enrolled August 14, 1849. Specification of the Patent granted to PIERRE ISIDOR DAVID, of Paris, in the Republic of France, for Improvements in Bleaching Cotton.-Sealed February 28, 1849. WITH AN ENGRAVING. To all to whom these presents shall come, &c., &c.— The invention consists of improvements in bleaching cotton by means of chlorine gas, as will be more particularly described. I will first proceed to describe the apparatus by which I carry out my invention. Description of the Drawings. A, is a retort, with two tubes placed upon a furnace in a sand balk. B, a leaden pipe for the introduction of muriatic acid into the retort, through the cock No. 7. c, another leaden pipe for conducting the chlorine gas from the retort to the vessel, E'. D, D, are leaden pipes for conducting the gas and connecting the vessels, E', E2, E3, E, together. The pipe, c', conducts the gas into the chamber, F. These vessels, E, E', E', E3, E', may be of glass or other material, resisting the action of acids, and they serve for the purifying, washing, and drying of the gas; that of E' is empty, and receives the impurities of the gas; those of E2 and E3 are half filled with water, and the fourth, E', is half filled with sulphuric acid of sixty-six degrees; some vessels with water and more with acid may be employed if desired. The liquids in these vessels are to be withdrawn when they become too 3 K, is much charged; %, are tubes of glass in each of the vessels. F, is a box, of wood or other suitable material which will resist the action of the gas. At the lower part of this chamber or box is a false bottom, of lead, pierced with holes above the opening of the pipe of introduction, c', on to which the cotton to be bleached is placed, so as to leave an empty space below to facilitate the action of the gas. There is a small window, of white glass, placed upon one side of the box, and another on the cover, through which may be seen the progress and end of the operation of bleaching. G, is a leaden pipe with a cock, 3, for conducting the air from the blowing-machine, v, into the vase, H, which is half filled with quick lime in lumps, to absorb the humidity of the air, from whence it passes through the cock, 2, into the chamber, F. the framing of the machinery. L, is a vase, with two tubes furnished with material proper for producing a vapour, as will be explained in treating the manner of working. M, M, are pipes furnished with cocks, Nos. 4 and 5, through which the gas escapes, so as to saturate the cotton after bleaching and ventilating, and to renew the ventilation if desired. T, is the discharge-pipe upon the box, F, with cock, No. 6, for the passage away of the gas. Upon this pipe, between the box and the cock, is a small opening, o, kept closed hermetically, and serving for expulsion of air in case of need during the bleaching, when the pressure of the gas becomes too great, which will be indicated by the elevation of the water in the tubes, z,-tubes serving as manometres, which should show an elevation of about fifteen inches, when the gas is working at the proper pressure. This elevation becomes greater according to the state of the cotton, whether yarn or cloth; that is to say, as it is more or less compressed in the box. v, is a blowing machine, or airpump, or ventilator, which may be worked by hand or other power. x, pipe branched upon that of c, and furnished with a cock, No. 8, communicating with a chimney. The cocks are to be formed of materials to resist the action of acids and of chlorine gas; may be of lead, with a fifth part of antimony, or of other metal or composition. The part of the pipe, c', between the vase of sulphuric acid and the chamber, or case, F, I prefer to make of vulcanized caoutchouc. I will now describe the manner of carrying out the invention. The box, F, is to be filled with cotton, either in the raw state, or yarn or thread in a woven state, and without other humidity than that which is natural to it. Whether the box be wholly or partially filled, it must be closed hermetically, in order to prevent the escape of gas. The vases or vessels, E, E, being perfectly stopped, I introduce into the retort, A, placed upon the furnace, but first rinsed, a quantity of peroxide of manganese in lumps, in weight four per cent. of that of the cotton to be bleached, if this peroxide gives eighty per cent. of pure matter; if not, a quantity proportioned to its degree of purity, so as to obtain its equivalent. The pipes, B, and c, are then adjusted upon the retort, as it is indicated in the accompanying drawing, and fastened thereto. The cocks, Nos. 7 and 8, are then placed upon the pipe, B,—a funnel in glass or in lead, through which I pour into the retort the acid hydrochlorique (muriatic), of twenty-one to twenty-two degrees French, in quantity three times heavier than that of the peroxide of manganese, diminishing in proportion as the manganese gives less than eighty per cent. of pure matter, and conformable always to the ordinary mode of manufacturing chlorine. Afterwards, the cock, No. 1, being opened, No. 8 is closed, afterwards No. 7, then the evolution of the chlorine, in the state of gas, commencing the operation of bleaching. After chlorine gas has been evolved for about a quarter of an hour in a cold state, I commence gradually to warm the retort, in augmenting the caloric, so as to reach sixty or seventy degrees centigrade, according to the activity which is observed, so as to terminate the discharge in two hours. If the quantity of ingredients is given for acting upon one chamber, F, at one time, and in about four hours, if the quantity of ingredients is intended to operate upon several boxes successively, the water tubes, z, ought to attain the required elevation from the beginning of the flow of gas, and should be maintained during the operation of bleaching in the box, except a slight falling towards the end, otherwise there may be a prejudicial action, by reason of the atmospheric air. But if the pressure appears too strong, a light emission is made of air from the box by means of the small opening, o, which is made in the discharge pipe. In the case where the excess of pressure arises from a too great activity in |