the motion of the screw, b, the rods, f, will guide the cores into the moulds, and the moulds being completed the fluid metal is to be poured down the centre gatetube produced by the gate-pin, j', and it will fall into the part, j', and diverge through the several gates or openings into the several moulds till the metal overflows the centre gate, when it will flow into the upper parts of and fill the moulds, completing the castings.

I would state that although this mode of making moulds is particularly applicable when several moulds are being formed, yet this mode of raising the patterns is also very useful when a single mould is to be produced.

I will now describe the second part of my invention, which consists of forming moulds on apparatus in such manner as to avoid the lifting heretofore necessary when transmitting large moulds into drying- stoves. For this purpose I cause stoves to be constructed with railways or tramways through them, and I have trucks suitably arranged for having moulds formed thereon, so that, without being raised or moved from the surface where they have been formed, they may be at once moved by their trucks into the drying-stoves.

Fig. 5, shows the front of a drying-stove.
Figs. 6 and 7, show two side sections.
Fig. 8, is a transverse section.

Fig. 9, a plan in section, with a truck having a mould. thereon within the stove; and,

Fig. 10, is a plan in section of the stove empty. Heated air is to be caused to blow into the space below the gratings, either by force or otherwise, and thence to flow up into and pass away from the stove.

Thus will the moulds be dried with great facility without the mould being lifted or moved from the surface on which it has been constructed.

And in order to manufacture cores I employ hollow core-bars with grooved sides, as shown at fig. 11, and in order to save straw-bands heretofore employed, I use vegetable matter, such as saw-dust or peat, and I mix the same with as small a quantity of clay as will enable the compound to work well, and I apply such plastic matter in filling up the hollows or flutes of the bar. A bar thus partially coated I force into a cylindrical sand

mould, whose internal diameter is somewhat less than the external diameter of this coated bar. The cylindrical sand mould I make in a core-box, in a similar manner to the way in which I make moulds, as described in my former specification. By raising the bar the sand will adhere thereto, and be removed from the box, forming a sand surface to the bar, capable of being used as a core, and in order to get out this core-bar, and core-bars made in the ordinary way, from the moulds when on a large scale, I apply an hydraulic press.

Fig. 12, shows a plan.

Figs. 13 and 14, show two elevations of this appa

ratus.

A truck such as above described brings the casting (within a mould and having a core-bar therein) into position, so that the upper parts of the castings will come under the parts, x, x, of the press, and then the press is to be set to work, and the bar will be started and raised, so that it may be readily moved away.

Having thus described the nature of my invention, and the manner in which the same is to be performed, I would have it understood that I do not confine myself to the details as herein described, so long as the peculiar character of any part of my invention, as herein described, be retained.

But what I claim is,

First, the making several moulds at one time, or a single mould, by using patterns capable of being forced upwards progressively into the mould-box.

Secondly, I claim the mode of manufacturing and drying moulds of pipes or cylinders, whereby they are formed and moved on trucks into the stoves.

Thirdly, I claim the mode of constructing cores, and also the mode of moving large core-bars out of castings. -In witness, &c.

Enrolled July 4, 1849.

DAVID YOOLOW STEWART.

133

Specification of a Patent granted to FRANCIS HOBLER, of Bucklersbury, in the City of London, Gentleman, for Improvements in the Construction of Cylinders, or Barrels of Capstans and Windlasses. - Sealed January 11, 1849.

WITH AN ENGRAVING.

To all to whom these presents shall come, &c., &c.My invention consists of constructing the barrels or cylinders of capstans and windlasses with curved grooves according to the size of the cables to be used therewith; and in order that my invention may be most fully understood and readily carried into effect, I will proceed to describe the drawings hereunto annexed in the various figures of which the same letters are used to indicate similar parts.

Description of the Drawings.

Fig. 1, shows an elevation of a capstan-barrel.
Fig. 2, a horizontal section thereof.

Fig. 3, shows an elevation of so much of a windlass as will enable me to describe my invention, the barrel being constructed according to my improvements; and,

Fig. 4, is a section of the barrel.

The drawings show the cylinders or barrels as being of wood, with iron (or it might be other metal) forming portions of the surfaces, but the whole surface may be of metal if desired. a, a, are a series of curved grooves, which in width correspond with the size and figure of the links of a cable which come within such grooves, and the distances apart of the grooves correspond with the links. By this arrangement a capstan or windlass-barrel will offer greater holding powers than when made as heretofore. I would state that although the barrel of a capstan or windlass be made correct for the links of the largest cable to be used therewith, yet cables having somewhat smaller links may be used. The numbers of curved grooves on the barrels shown are those which I have used, but the same may be varied, depending on the diameter of the barrel and the size of links. I have not thought it necessary to show complete capstans or windlasses, the construction of the parts left out being well known. I would, however, state that I prefer to use, in

addition to the ordinary parts, Caldwall's patent selffleeting apparatus and purchase and purchase-wheel. In place, however, of using such or other purchase and purchase-wheel, holes may be found in the barrel of the windlass, as shown by red lines, for the insertion of hand spikes. In using capstans and windlasses constructed with my improvements, the cable should be caused to take three turns round the barrel.

Having thus described the nature of my invention, and the manner in which the same is to be performed, I would have it understood that

What I claim is,

The construction of capstan and windlass cylinders or barrels with curved grooves, as herein explained.In witness, &c.

Enrolled July 11, 1849.

FRANCIS HOBLER.

Specification of a Patent granted to ANTHONY BArberis, late of Mondovi, Piedmont, but now of Leicester-square, in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, for Improvements in the Construction of Swifts, and in the Arrangement of Apparatus for Winding Silk and other Fibrous Substances.-Sealed January 16, 1849.

WITH AN ENGRAVING.

To all to whom these presents shall come, &c., &c.— My invention consists,

First, of a new mode of constructing expanding swifts used in the winding of silk and other fibrous substances; and,

Secondly, in a new mode of constructing apparatus for winding silk and other fibrous substances, but in order that the invention may be fully understood, I will proceed to describe the drawings.

In the drawing marked No. 1, fig. 1 represents a front view of a swift constructed according to my invention, in which it will be seen there are six arms, but this number may be varied according to fancy.

Fig. 2, shows a vertical section taken through the line, a, b.

A, is the shaft or axle of the swift, upon which are fitted the two plates or discs, B, B', which are adjusted to the axis so as to move freely thereon and to be capable of moving the one independently of the other. D, D', are rods which are attached to the discs, B and B'; those marked D, are attached to the disc, B, and those marked D' to the other disc, B', by means of small metallic pins, on which they move or oscillate freely. F, is a thin circular plate of metal, or other suitable material, fitting freely on the middle of the shaft and passing between the two series of arms or rods, D, D', in order to facilitate their sliding freely past each other. When it is required to turn the discs a certain distance, so as to increase or diminish the diameter of the swift, the other ends of the rods are connected together, by means of pins, to the cross-pieces, E, over the outer surface of which the threads or skeins are passed. The various parts composing the swift are thus arranged in relation to each other, as shown by the black lines upon the fig. 1; and when it is desired to increase the diameter of the swift, all that is necessary to be done is to press the ends of the rods, d, d', outwards. This will cause the discs to revolve in contrary directions to each other, and all the parts will then assume the position indicated by the red lines, which will give the required increase in the diameter of the swift. And in order to give a solidity to the rods with the axle there is a pin or cotter, g, which is driven into a hole made through the axle on each side of the disc, as shown in the drawings, and serve to press the discs together against the ends of the rods sufficiently to hold them in the position in which they may be placed.

Fig. 3, shows two modifications, in which it will be seen that the rods, D, D', are differently arranged.

In the drawing marked No. 2, I have shown an application of the principle of expansion to a reel or apparatus for winding silk or other substance, and which is constructed in the following manner:-a, is a hollow shaft or tube running through the reel; d, is a shaft or axle which passes through it. At each end of the hollow shaft are attached circular plates or discs, b, and to which are affixed the rods, f, by means of pins, as in the swift, and at the side and parallel to them are the similar discs, c, of the same character as the discs, b, they being fixed