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(i) Closures for interior bulkhead tonnage openings. The same temporary means of closing the tonnage openings in interior bulkheads are permitted.

(j) Enclosure within an open space. An enclosure within an exempted space must be treated according to its use. [28 F.R. 14553, Dec. 31, 1963, as amended by T.D. 56378, 30 F.R. 3593, Mar. 18, 1965] § 2.46 Open shelter deck space.

(a) Space between decks. No space between the upper and shelter decks of a vessel shall be exempted from inclusion in gross tonnage as open shelter deck space unless there is in that shelter deck a permanent middle line tonnage opening which, except as provided in this paragraph, is at least 4 feet long in the clear and at least as wide, in the clear, as the after cargo hatch on that deck. If any such opening is less than the minimum size in the clear specified in this paragraph solely because one or more corners of that opening are rounded, that space shall be exempted, upon compliance with all applicable provisions of this section, in any case in which the radius of curvature of each such corner is not greater than 9 inches, or in any case in which a greater radius of curvature is required in writing by the United States Coast Guard or by a recognized classification society. In the latter case, a copy of that written requirement shall be filed in the office of the collector of customs by whom the vessel is admeasured.

(b) Position of middle line tonnage opening. The distance between the after edge of this tonnage opening and the aft side of the sternpost must not be less than one-twentieth the register length of the vessel, or if the tonnage opening is forward, its fore side must not be less than one-fifth the register length of the vessel from the stem.

(c) Coamings. The coamings of the middle line tonnage opening must not exceed 12 inches extreme mean height above the deck, including the beading, etc., at the top for confining the hatch covers. If any such opening is guarded by rails or stanchions they shall be so arranged that they may not be used to secure or assist in securing a cover over that opening.

(d) Cover. (1) When portable wood covers are fitted they may be held in place by lashings fitted to the under side of the covers: lashings may be of hemp, manila or other similar material.

(2) When a metal cover is used, it may be held in place by hook bolts spaced not less than 18 inches apart, passing through the cover plate and hooked over angle stiffeners or flanges fitted on the outside of the coamings; 1. e., the bolts must not pass through the stiffeners or flanges on the coaming, nor must there be any other attachments on the coaming for fastening the cover.

(e) Opening not to be enclosed. The middle line tonnage opening in a shelter deck must not be within a superstructure of any type.

(f) Tonnage openings in shelter deck space. When the permanent deck opening is situated aft, there must be at least two openings, each 3 feet wide by 4 feet high in the clear, in each of the transverse bulkheads within the shelter deck space forward of said deck opening; or should the deck opening be forward, the same requirements apply to transverse bulkheads abaft such forward deck opening.

(g) Coamings. Coamings, if fitted, must not exceed 2 feet in height at any part.

(h) Temporary closure. The same temporary means of closing tonnage openings in the bulkheads of the well under the middle line tonnage opening in the shelter deck and in the intermediate bulkheads, if any, in the shelter deck space are permitted as described in § 2.45 (f).

(1) Well under middle line tonnage opening. The well under the middle line tonnage opening (in the shelter deck) must have a minimum length of 4 feet throughout its entire breadth and height, and shall be kept clear at all times.

(j) Scuppers. A scupper, having a 5inch minimum inside diameter, fitted with a screw down non-return valve geared to and operated from the shelter deck, must be fitted on each side of the upper deck in way of the permanent middle line tonnage opening in the shelter deck. (See Figure 44 (§ 2.65).)

(k) Means for closing. All openings in the upper deck to the hull must be provided with proper means for closing and battening down.

(1) Closed-in spaces. Any closed-in space within an open shelter deck space shall be treated according to its usage. [28 F.R. 14553, Dec. 31, 1963, as amended by T.D. 56378, 30 F.R. 3593, Mar. 18, 1965]

§ 2.47 An open structure on small craft.

(a) A house on a small craft is considered open to the weather and exempted from inclusion in tonnage provided the after end of such house is entirely open, from the under side of its roof beam down to a coaming not exceeding 3 inches in height, if there be a coaming, otherwise to the deck or line of same; and open in an athwartship direction from and to the inboard face of the end side stiffeners. (See Figures 45

and 46 (§ 2.65).) Closed-in spaces within an open erection will be treated according to their usage.

(b) Such an opening may be guarded by wire mesh screens and/or temporarily closed by canvas secured at the top and lashed down or buttoned in place at the sides and bottom.

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(a) In ascertaining the tonnage of open vessels the upper edge of the upper strake shall form the boundary line of measurement, and a tonnage depth shall be taken from a line athwart the upper edge of said strake, at each point of division and each end of the tonnage length.

(b) An open vessel is one of any length without a deck, or with only a partial deck or partial decks, the total length of which is less than one-half her tonnage length.

(c) Further, a vessel having a tonnage length of less than 50 feet and a partial deck of any length or a single full length deck, which, in either case, lies more than one-sixth of the midship depth below the line of the upper edge of the upper strake to the usual point in the hold for taking the register depth, shall, for admeasurement purposes, be deemed an open vessel unless it has a mechanically refrigerated hold or holds. § 2.49 Deductions from gross tonnage.

(a) General. To ascertain the net tonnage, the tonnage of the following spaces meeting certain requirements shall be deducted from the gross tonnage.

(b) Requirements. No space shall be deducted unless it has been included previously in the vessel's gross tonnage; is reasonable in extent for the purpose to which it is appropriated; and is certified by marking as prescribed in paragraph (c) of this section showing that it is used exclusively for such purpose.

(c) Marking. The following markings are required by paragraph (b) of this section: For each space appropri

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ated exclusively for the use of the master, including the master's bathroom, bedroom, dressing room, observation room, office, reception room, sitting room and water closet-"Certified for the Accommodation of Master"; for each space appropriated exclusively as a bedroom for the use of crew members, including officers other than the master-"Certified to Accommodate Seamen"; and for other deductible spaces "Certified ," inserting the appropriate designation such as "Boatswain's Stores," "Chart House," "Dynamos," "Galley," "Hospital," "Messroom," "Office of Chief Engineer," "Pump Room," "Radio," "Steering Gear," "W. C." The following abbreviations may be used: "Cert. Accom. Master," "Cert. Accom. Seamen," "Cert. Boatswain's Stores," "Cert. Chart House," "Cert W. C." or "Cert. inserting the space designation. The marking shall at all times be embossed, center-punched, or otherwise permanently cut in metal, and painted over with oil paint in a light color on a dark background, or a dark color on a light background, or carved or branded at least three-eighths of an inch in wood over the doorway, on the inside of the deductible space. Roman letters and Arabic numerals at least one-half of an inch in height shall be used and shall be readily legible at all times. If desired, the marking may be made on a plate of metal (but not of other material) permanently fastened in place by means of welding, riveting, or lock-type screws. The metal certification plates may be fastened in place to a metal door frame, on the inside of the space, by means of a metal-to-metal synthetic contact adhesive if the vessel owner or his agent satisfactorily establishes that the bonding agent is currently acceptable to the U.S. Coast Guard or the Department of the Navy for use on merchant ships or naval vessels for affixing metal hull label plates; and, further, certifies that the metal-to-metal bond will be accomplished in accordance with the techniques recommended by the manufacturer of the bonding agent.

(d) Crew spaces. The tonnages of the spaces or compartments exclusively occupied by and appropriated to the use of the officers and crew of the vessel including:

Bathrooms. A bathroom is a compartment or a room containing (1) a bath tub, or (2) a bath tub and a water closet, or (3) a shower

bath or showers without a water closet regardless of its location.

Clothes drying room.

Drinking water filtration or distilling plant below deck.

Hospital.

Crew mess rooms.

Officers' mess rooms.

Office of chief engineer.

Oil skin locker.

Pantry.

Recreation room.

Shower baths.

Sleeping rooms.

Smoking room.

Water closets, private. A private water closet is defined as one intended to serve not more than one member of the crew, whose stateroom or bedroom affords the only means of entrance thereto and is treated as part of the room served by it. Other water closets are considered to be public water closets for admeasurement purposes.

Water closets, public-below the upper deck.

Passageways and companionways serving the above spaces.

But none of these spaces when used by the passengers on a passenger vessel are to be deducted nor is the clerk's, purser's or paymaster's office deductible.

(e) Nondeductible spaces on deductible passageway. Lockers of less than 2 tons each, containing medicine, linen, mops, etc., for the free use of the crew; the ship's office, also spare rooms, not exceeding two in number and used as required by a pilot, customs officer, reserve engineer, a company official or employee shall not invalidate the deduction of a passageway serving as sole access to their location.

(f) Master's cabin. Any space exclusively for the use of the master. This space includes sleeping room, dressing room, bathroom, office, and passageways serving the master's accommodations.

(g) Measuring deductible spaces. Deducted spaces, rectangular in shape, are to be measured by taking the product of the three dimensions, but when bounded by curved surfaces conforming to the sides of the vessel below the tonnage deck exceeding 15 feet in length, they are to be measured according to the formula on the back of Form 1410 for measuring peak tanks. When the space is less than 15 feet in length it may be measured by any practical method.

(h) Platforms. (1) When there is a platform, not more than 1 foot above the top of the bottom frames, to give a flat surface at the bottom of deductible spaces, and the space between the plat

form and said frames is not used for the stowage of gear, stores, etc., or for any other purpose, take depths of transverse sections to the top of the bottom frames and find areas as in the case of transverse sections for finding the tonnage below the tonnage deck. (See Figure 47

(§ 2.65).) P represents the platform 1 foot above the top of the bottom frames. A, B, and C are the positions of the sections. The forward section A, being sharp, yields no area.

(2) When the platform is more than foot above the bottom frames, then find the areas only of the portion of the sections above the platform. (See Figure 48 (§ 2.65).)

(3) The depth of deducted spaces extending from the top to bottom of a deck erection may be taken between the same points as the depths used in finding the tonnage of the erection. In other words, if the erection was measured before the deck covering, if any, was laid and the ceiling or paneling, if any, overhead was fitted, and depths were taken from the underside of the covering planks or plating of the deck over as required by the law and regulations to the deck beneath, the deck covering and overhead ceiling are to be disregarded in obtaining depths of the various deducted spaces. In determining the number of men that may be berthed in a space the act of March 4, 1915, (38 Stat. 1165; 46 U. S. C. 660-1) is to govern.

(1) Spaces in the between decks, etc. Deducted spaces in the between decks or erections on or above the upper deck having curved sides are to be measured according to § 2.40.

[28 F.R. 14553, Dec. 31, 1963, as amended by T.D. 56399, 30 F.R. 6116, Apr. 30, 1965] § 2.50 Navigation spaces.

(a) Spaces used exclusively for navigation. Spaces used exclusively for maneuvering or navigating the ship shall be deducted from the gross tonnage to the extent of what is considered reasonable. When the steering gear, anchor gear, helm, etc., are situated within a room unnecessarily large for the purpose, or are not partitioned off at all, a 2-foot allowance on every side of the apparatus may be made for working space. The height to be allowed should, as a rule, be the mean height of the between deck space.

(b) Anchor gear. The spaces below, occupied by anchor gear, include the capstan, windlass, and chain locker. When the fore peak is used exclusively as the

chain locker, it is to be measured in the manner prescribed for measuring fore peak tanks when used for water ballast.

(c) Boatswain's stores. (1) Subject to the restrictions stated below, any space exclusively appropriated to and used for keeping the boatswain's stores may be deducted.

(2) The allowance for boatswain's stores shall be 1 percent of the gross tonnage in vessels of 100 gross tons and over, but this allowance shall in no case exceed 100 tons. In the case of vessels of less than 100 gross tons this deduction shall not exceed 1 ton.

(d) Chart room. (1) The space for keeping the charts, nautical instruments and for plotting the course. When the space is a combined wheel and chart room, such part as is not exempted as wheelhouse shall be deducted.

(2) In small vessels requiring the use of navigation charts, and where the cabin or saloon is the only space available for filing or use of such charts, one-half of the cabin or saloon, may be allowed for this purpose provided the allowance does not exceed 11⁄2 tons.

(1)

(e) Donkey engine and boiler. The space occupied by a donkey engine and boiler, if situated within the boundary of the engine room or the casing above it, and if the donkey engine is used as an auxiliary in connection with the main machinery for propelling the vessel and this space forms part of the actual engine room it shall not be subject to a separate allowance.

(2) When the donkey engine and/or boiler is in a house above the upper deck and not used in connection with the main propelling machinery as described above, the space thus occupied is an exemption and therefore must not be included in the gross tonnage of the vessel.

(3) In all other cases the space occupied by the donkey engine and boiler, if same are connected with the main pumps (except cargo pumps) of the vessel, is to be allowed as a deduction from the gross tonnage, if reasonable in extent. It must be certified in the same manner as other deductible spaces.

(f) Dynamo spaces. The space or spaces when reasonable in extent, occupied by dynamos, switchboards and apparatus necessary for the operation of same, when located below the upper deck shall be deducted regardless of the service for which the dynamo or dynamos are used.

(g) Pump room. A pump room or space below the upper deck containing

room.

the pumps of the vessel which are used solely for handling ballast, feed water, water for cleansing purposes, and for freeing the ship of water entering her hold, etc., shall be deducted as pump A pump room or space below the upper deck containing pumps primarily used for handling cargo, as in the case of bulk-oil carriers, shall not be deducted. The portion of either of the above pump spaces above the upper deck is exemptible as machinery space.

(h) Radio house. The space set apart for sending and receiving wireless messages.

(i) Storage of sails. In the case of a vessel propelled wholly by sails, any space not exceeding 22 percent of the gross tonnage of the vessel when such space is used exclusively for storage of sails.

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(a) Engine room must be measured. Notwithstanding the ratable allowance for propelling power for which the act of March 2, 1895 (28 Stat. 741; 46 U.S.C. 77) provides, it is necessary to measure the engine room, regardless of size, in order to ascertain whether the allowance to be deducted for propelling power shall be regulated by a percentage of the gross tonnage or by the actual tonnage of the engine room ascertained by measurement.

(b) Spaces included in engine room must be in gross tonnage. No space shall be included in the tonnage of the engine room unless it has first been included in the vessel's gross tonnage.

(c) Deductions from engine room. Conversely the spaces occupied by cabins, storerooms, etc., and any space not used in connection with propelling the vessel but included in the tonnage of the engine room through process of measurement must be subtracted therefrom. § 2.52 Spaces included in engine room.

The space occupied by the engine room is to be understood to include not only that occupied by the engine room itself but also the space occupied by the boiler room, together with the spaces strictly required for the working of the engines and boilers, and consisting of the following items:

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the point or height at which the slope terminates. (See Figures 49 and 50 (§ 2.65).)

(b) Space between crown and upper deck. Space between the crown and the upper deck framed in for the machinery or for admission of light and air thereto.

(c) Space above upper deck. Space similarly framed in above the upper deck when permitted under paragraph (1), act of March 2, 1895 (28 Stat. 741; 46 U. S. C. 77).

(d) Shaft tunnels, etc. The shaft tunnel or tunnels and the thrust block recess.

(e) Escape shaft. The trunked ladderway leading from the after end of the shaft tunnel to the deck, provided that it is no larger than is necessary for the purpose of access to and escape from the shaft tunnel. The part of an escape shaft above the upper deck line, also the companion sheltering the escape shaft, is accorded the treatment of light and air space.

(f) Fuel oil transfer pump. (1) When the fuel oil transfer pump is located in a separate space, this space, if reasonable in size, may be considered propelling machinery space provided said pump is not used for bunkering the vessel.

(2) Should such pump perform the dual service of handling both ballast and transferring fuel oil to the settling tanks, one-half the space may be credited to propelling machinery space.

(g) Settling tanks. (1) Fuel oil settling tanks used solely for rendering crude oil fit for consumption in the main boilers are considered as part of the propelling machinery space.

(2) The permissible allowance for settling tanks is based on a 4 days' supply under full steam, which allowance must not exceed 1 percent of the vessel's gross tonnage.

(h) Engineers' stores and workshops. The engineers' stores, and/or workshops are regarded as part of the engine room, up to three-quarters of 1 percent of the gross tonnage, if in the engine room, open to same, or separated therefrom only by a screen bulkhead and located below the upper deck.

§ 2.53 Length of engine room.

(a) As a rule, the length of the engine room extends from the bulkhead forward of the boilers to the one aft of the engines; but if these bulkheads limit a space considered excessive in length for the proper working of the boilers and en

gines, then that length only which is requisite for containing and operating the boilers and machinery, is to be allowed, with the addition of such length as is necessary for the stoking or working of the fires when the furnaces are in a fore-and-aft direction.

(b) No such additional length is, however, required when the boilers are placed with the furnaces athwartship. The clear central space allowed between the boilers when the stoking is athwartship should be sufficient for this purpose. The point to which the after boundary of the length of the engine room is to be measured should be such as to provide sufficient space for the safe operation of the engine.

(c) The measurer should allow such length between the engines and boilers as may appear to him necessary for the safe working of the machinery.

§ 2.54 Boilers and engine in same compartment.

The boilers and engine are considered to be in the same compartment when there is a transverse bulkhead, screen or otherwise, through which the boilers project into the engine space, and where there is only sufficient space between the boilers and engine for the safe working of the machinery.

§ 2.55

Engine room measured in parts.

If the boilers and engine are entirely in separate rooms, or if there is a break or breaks in the bottom or side lines of the propelling machinery space resulting from a break or breaks in the double bottom or varying height of floors thereunder, or from side bunkers or other spaces not considered propelling machinery spaces, measure each room separately as a whole or in parts, according to the number of breaks in its bottom or side lines, and the sum of the several results shall be deemed to be the tonnage of the said spaces.

§ 2.56 Rule for measuring engine room.

(a) Space in hold amidship. When the propelling machinery (boilers and engine) space is in the hold amidship, and without a break in its bottom or side lines, measure its length between the foremost and aftermost bulkheads or limits of its length, excluding such parts, if any, not actually occupied by or required for the proper working of the machinery. Divide the length by 2 and measure 3 depths of the space, one

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