No. 26 or VOL. XII.]

BALTIMORE, SATURDAY, AUGUST 23, 1817.

[WHOLE NO. 312.

Hac olim meminisse juvaàit.—VIRGIE,

PRINTED and fUBLISHED BY H. NILES, AT THE HEAD OF CHEAPSide, at 85 per ANNUM.

A SUPPLEMENT of eight pages, to dispose of a quantity of miscellaneous matter (frequently postponed,) was intended for the present number, but forbidden by circumstances. On closing this vo lume the editor felt justified in saying something about himself-see Address and Remarks," and was willing to make an indemnity for the space occupied by it.

Editorial Address and Remarks. We have arrived at the end of the 6th year of our work. The 12th volume of the WEEKLY REGISTER is herewith completed, except the title Page and index, to be issued as heretofore. This publication has acquired a body that now speaks for itself. Its matter and manner have been judged by the people. It has outlived the fate predicted for it, by many of the best friends of the editor; and, whatever may be its future lot, it has established a new era, if the phrase is not too

It was the editor's design, to have published the concluding number on "POLITICAL ECONOMY," in this volume. Other avocations, of a less pleasant but more pressing nature, have prevented it. Per-Pompous for the occasion, in the printing businessa haps, as the preceding numbers are complete as lection of documents and facts, in so many depart not only in regard to its regular and extensive colfar as they go, the delay may be advantageous, by ments of useful knowledge, but in passing through enabling him to give a more extended and a better the warmest period of politics, and most warmly view of the subjects that have so much interested engaged in them, without a solitary personal at

his readers.

The observations on Banks and Bank notes are not concluded. Some have thought them severe, but all acknowledge them to be just; and it is a pleasure to add, they have done good. The evils complained of have been lessened by them.

The second letter on the "Public Lands," though our obliging correspondent regrets the dryness of its detail, will be found interesting to those concerned in them; as well as for its history of the things that belong to them in the section of our country described.

tack-a descent to remarks upon men, so much easier to an editor than the support of principles; exthree others,whose outrages on every thing that cept in the case of Cockburn, perhaps, and two or was laudable, placed them under the bann of all the worthy. But-ever in regard to these, as well as in respect to all else that has been inserted in this volumnious work, the editor can lay his hand upon his heart and declare, that he never has believe was one; and he may further observe, given a thing for a fact that he did not seriously that apparent facts were generally examined with much caution before they were received as such.

When these barbarisms were going on by the Cockburns, and when the Disgraceful Convention A NAVY-"Cato" has favored the public with was in preparation to be held, or was holding,—the another essay in the National Intelligencer. He editor was frequently told by very many persons chiefly maintains the propriety of his former views who negatively sanctioned them, that the REGISTER of the subject, re-urges his arguments, and depre- was too warm; that so much politics injured it, &c. cates the probability of the evils that some have Perhaps, the latter may have been true-but they apprehended from the adoption of them; but does might as well have requested a man in a fever to not touch the main point-the manning of such a keep himself cool, as to have advised me to a differforce as he wishes us to have. He sarcastically ent course from that which was pursued. With thanks the editor of the "WEEKLY REGISTER" for all my heart, and soul, and mind, and strength, I having "condescended" to treat him as a "real obeyed the dictate of WASHINGTON, to "frown in. friend of the navy "This does not seem quite dignant" on the desperate "attempt;" and am flatfair. What right had we to know "Cato?" He was tered with a belief that I did my share as well to to us anonymous-we had to form our opinion from expose its wickedness as its folly. Let the proswhat was immediately before us; we presented his pective facts stated in my essays at that time be essay entire in precedence to any remarks upon it. compared with what has really happened, and "Cato" is certainly politician enough to know, that might take some credit to myself for "a spirit of that which may really be a proper and prudential prophecy" But these days have past, never, I bemeasure, can be defeated as well by pushing it too lieve, to return-and a proud National CHARACTER far, as by holding it back. But, if it can give the is growing out of the shreds of party. On most of the writer any satisfaction, the editor will most freely great measures of policy we are now more unit. acknowledge a perfect conviction that he is truly ed than any people in the world; questions involvwhat he professes to be-a "real friend of the navy." ing conflicts of opinion will, and, perhaps, ought, In this acknowledgment there is no recession from to exist amongst us; but, I trust, that our differenthe ground we took-but, differing as much as we ces will more and more become as the differences do in opinion, we are assured that there is no dif of friends and gentlemen, having a common abject. ference in principle between us. And the history Some there are that must at all times be dabbling of nations convinces us, that the sovereignty of the in hot water-but the little influence and ability, ocean will not remain permanently with England. that I have, shall be exerted to sink these and It is a gratification to be told, for the first time, the whole office-seeking tribe, in splendid views of within a few days past, that the force proposed in our extensive, happy and (about to be,) mighty reour essay is the ultimatum of the present views of public. some of our most experienced and intelligent naval officers: as competent to all the great purposes as great a portion of happiness as can easily fall to that we ought to hope for from a navy. the lot of a nation. It depends on ourselves whe

VOL. XII.

We have land "enough and to spare"-we enjoy

ther we continue in the possession of it or not.-have also caused me deeply to regret a want of la The base on which it must rest is an enlightened lents to develope its multifarious branches, as I policy, founded upon political economy; a science would-as well as a want of sufficient ease and retiretrat feaches us to produce great results from apment for reflection, to give it even the views, that I perent trifles, and extends equally from the small-might-The truth, however, is-that very many est to the most important sources of power in a wish to read in the manner that they sleep; without people. I do not mean a mere power for war; I give the trouble of thinking of what they are doing:-and it a wider range, and mean the power to prosper in I have always been satisfied, that though the labori every legitimate undertaking. But this science is ous statistical articles in this work are most credimiserable neglected. Gentlemen will give me what table to it in the opinion of many, some would rather credit for the assertion they please, but I truly occasionally see accounts of ghosts and "horrid murconfess, I have felt myself humbled at the high ders," with narratives of crim con. shewing as "how praises bestowed upon my small efforts in it;† which "The subject of political economy, which Mr. As, in whatever concerns the editorship of the Niles has examined, required much research. The WEEKLY REGISTEn, I am especially zealous to be re-labor of the mind, and of such a mind as Mr. Niles', garded as "a matter-of-fact-man," as a distinguish has been productive of much good to the nation ed gentleman, on a public occasion, was pleased to and to the millions of which it is composed. A call me, I take the liberty to offer the following ex mental labor, like Mr. Niles', is worthy, every way tract from a long editorial article in a very respect-worthy, of its due reward. He possesses a mind able newspaper, the "Western Herald," published of great compass, and embraces at a glance, the at Steubenville, Ohio. It is but a small part of the means and the aggregate of a nation's wealth. He spontaneous praise of the editor of that paper, who views the minutiae and the fragments of man's inis unknown to me, personally or by private corres-dustry scattered over the various climate and soil pondence, though it seems that we have, without of every state. Ile combines the substance and knowing it, mutually esteemed one another. The the industry of all, and presents to the nation a text of his remarks is a short editorial paragraph in view of its whole mass of wealth. He does more: which I assumed some share of the credit of bring he exposes the prejudices and the folly of an ing the words "national character" and "national enlightened people,in an enlightened age, in consuming feeling" into common use-(see the Register of the the manufactures of foreign nations, to the manifest 19 ult.) and, on first glancing at it, I felt a little injury of our own. He presents you also, with the alarmed lest that assumption might have been picture of a nation about to regenerate itself, by thought indelicate by a man whose good opinion I saving its substance, simply by the introduction would desire to have, and yet I felt justified to and protection of "home manufactures." He has conmyself in what had done. For, though the "oys. vinced every man among us who was devoted to ter knife" wit, or "hair splitting" criticisms, of such England and her manufactures, (and they were folks as the editor of the Albany Gazette and the not a few) that it is more profitable for us to make late editor of the Virginia Patriot, raise a broad our straw bonnets, our boots, shoes, our cotton, our smile for a second of time, there are some whose linen, our cloth, &c. here than in England. And reprehension would make me unhappy for a week, so much is the public mind improved (and greatly though so long used to being bandied in the pa- by his means) that it would now be deemed tedious, pers. But the editor of the Herald not only does and trifling with a man's time, to offer an argument not reprehend me, but gives me infinitely more to prove that we can grow rich and accumulate credit in this and in other respects than my vanity capital by manufacturing so much as to supply our ever aimed at hoping to receive, from any man, own wants and even the wants of others, and that much less to deserve. After speaking of the es- we must inevitably grow boor, yes poor indeed, by says on "Political Economy" which, under vari foolishly importing manufactures from foreign countries, substitutes for which can be made better and ous heads, have appeared in this work, he says

"A man might read Adam Smith's wealth of na-cheaper at home. The home feeling on this subtions till doomsday, before he could get half as ject is now good-only keep it alive, and it will do, much light on the subject of the economy of nations, every thing for us as a nation.”

as Mr, Niles has furnished within the last two years.[At the conclusion of the whole, he offers the folBy localizing the particular branches of his sub-lowing proposition. The question is partially anject, he has matured and prepared the mind of the swered already, (in an extended view) in the sereader to take a "view of the whole ground."-Mr. cond number of our series on "Political Economy” Niles has not only done "as much as any man" in recently published, but may be very happily introdeveloping the best mode of maturing and making duced, so as to come home to every man's fire side, in the most of our resources, but in our opinion he cede to the request with the same frankness that the concluding essay, not yet finished and I ac has done vastly more than any ten, or we might say it was made. I will attempt to shew the important more than any 100 men, whatever may be their difference" desired by Mr. Wilson-not, however, standing in the nation, and, so far from Mr. Niles with the hope of giving it so much force as he having rated his labors too highly, he has not yalued would cause some to expect from me.] them equal to the high estimation in which they are held by the public.

This man once raised a fair laugh. He wrote and published about three columns to prove that I was a fool;-and, in his very next paper, in a column and a half, made it out that Mr. Jefferson was one also!--If he had known how moderate my pretensions are to the character of a scholar, he would hardly have taken so much trouble with me I am no scholar-to make myself clearly understood is all that I aim at.

"A word to Mr. Niles. We would propose to you, to present the public with a picture or a statement of two different settlements of ten thousand acres

each, with a given population, shewing the diffe

rence in their advancement to wealth and the accn

mulation of stock. The first settlement we may suppose to be located on the Atlantic seaboard, and

A very friendly writer in the Plattsburg Repub lican, will find a grateful acknowlegement for and a liberal use of, the statistical facts afforded by him, in this essay.

Lorenzo raised the devil," and the like. But they THIS PRINCIPLE THE WORK WILL STAND OR FALL. It do not suit my humor, though the introduction of is a rightful and reasonable one, and will be conthem might not injure my packet, and a pair of tended for at every cost. If it cannot withstand sharp scissors become the great editorial instru the first shock which inattention, pure inattention, ment instead of a goose quill, to the relief both of to the requisition, may give to it-for many may nebody and mind-and cannot have a place in this glect a compliance with the terms and of course work, while it is under my charge. It is very cer- cease to receive it, and some perhaps even feel oftain that my first object is to make money; but lifended by the procedure, I cannot help itterary men (descending even to my own walks) as That which is esteemed full value is offered for well as statesmen and soldiers, have a thirst for the money required; but every one has an undoubtwhat the world calls glory, and as warmly pursue it ed right to hold a different opinion, and will act -a passion that, properly regulated, is the grand for himself. After using every fair and honorable stimulus to noble actions;-and my second object, means to keep up this work, on my part, it will rehardly less ardently desired than the former, is to main with the public to say, whether it shall be be the maker or compiler of a work to become a printed for many years by me and my sons and sucsine qua non to complete a LIBRARY. A few years cessors, or expire in a few. I cannot pretend an hence will shew the extent to which I have suc-indifference to the result of this proposition, though ceeded. And here it seems a proper time to say-convinced that the same industry and application that the work is my own. With the exception of in other pursuits might be quite as productive of about a dozen current articles, long or short, in the pecuniary profit-for it is my "hobby." And, to the 1st and 2nd volumes, and about as much in the real friends of the WEEKLY REGISTER I have re10th and 11th, (all which were written frora out-spectfully to say, that their efforts are "impressed" lines furnished by myself) every thing else of an edi- or "conscripted" to bear it against the pressure of torial character is the product of my own personal the moment, by extending its circulation in their labor, unassisted in any way by any one soever.

several neighborhoods, lest it may suffer through In reviewing the vast field occupied by the Re- the inattention just spoken of. The favorite phrase. GISTER for the six years of its publication, I do not that his majesty wants men and must have them," see any thing that I heartily repent myself of, ex- just as well applies to us, in having punctual subcept some dunning notices. Would they were all scribers "his majesty" could no more carry on his blotted out!-But they were wrung from me by an wars without the former, than we publish the REexcess of pecuniary suffering, not originating in this GISTER without the latter. And we will further rework, but which ought long since to have been re-mark in conclusion, that the instructions hich may lieved by it. Nothing of the sort will, probably, be given for cooking a beef steak, as for things occur hereafter; as well from the result of experi- of the greatest moment, suits us precisely: it is ence that they do no good, as in there being no this-If 'twere done, 'twere well 'twere well done, necessity for them, by the new arrangement requir- quickly? ing payment for the REGISTER in advance. IT IS ON

On this occasion, making a period, as it were, in our editorial labors, the present volume being demay be called the Anglo-American province, to raise signed to complete a series of the work to a ceragricultural products only, and to purchase every tain extent, as explained in our number of the 9th manufactured article that they used from foreign inst. the editor, perhaps, may be justified in insertcountries-The other settlement we would locate ing the following extracts from three letters reon the banks of the Ohio, and call it the Economical ceived during the week, neither of which were de Republic-to raise, produce, and manufacture, eve-signed for or expected to be published, and the ry thing they might eat, drink, wear, or in any wise names of the writers cannot be mentioned, howusc, and sell their surplus articles of agriculture and

manufactures for cash.

I.

ever flattering it might be to his vanity to give them. It is sufficient to say that they are from gen. "The question then won!! be-"what woull be the tlemen that have filled, or do now fill, some of the difference in the accumulation of capital in one year, very highest legal situations in the gift of the Unibetween the Anglo-American province and the Eco-ted States or of some of the states, eminent for their nomical republic?" literary acquirements. The honest truth is, that he is "Mr. Niles is fully equal to such an estimate as this. proud of such things; nor does he see any thing to Should he decline making it, we must, as we are be found fault with in the confession of it. A man's strongly impressed with the importance of present-reputation is as much a part of his stock in trade ing such a picture to the public, attempt it. But as his money, and sometimes worth a great deal the subject being familiar to Mr. Niles, and every more; and he has as much right to make an honorway in consent with his habits and reflections, we able use of it. doubt not he will accede to our proposition.-Such a comparison will have a good tendency-it will "The Register really contains such an extent and shew us how we ought to live-it will shew us how variety of information, on every subject interesting to grow rich-it will shew the nation the way to to the politician, professional gentlemen, or man of wealth-it will make the principle of home economy business, that it has superseded with me all the familiar to every village, town and city, in the U. other periodical publications of this country. May States-it will present a bold and imposing view of it continue to prosper and flourish.” the good fruits of home feeling, of home industry, II. and of home economy: and if there is a British Oi! "I consider it [the Weekly Register] a publication lurking any where near, with his eyes still covered highly useful for the political, statistical, and juwith the film of prejudice, present him with this dicial information, which it contains; and in other picture, and he must either fly off to his native or respecs it certainly surpasses any other similar congenial soil, or acknowledge that his predelic-journal, with which I am acquainted. Its strong tions are stronger than facts."

and ardent patriotism, and its firm American principles and attachments, cannot but give it a still Anigher claim with those who sincerely love their country-To this commendatiour work is flay

*A story of a drunken husband and a strumpet wife, just now taking its round in the papers. single mail brings to us five or six copies of it.

ly entitled even from those who may not subscribe sent the bulk of them are mere slaves, and, in the to all the opinions which you entertain. To myself, personally, it has an additional value from the opinions and decisions upon legal questions, which you have so judiciously placed in it."

"I find much to please, and instruct me in read ing the volumns of the Register, which I often look into in my hours of leisure; and I feel grateful for your labours which have selected, arranged, and preserved such a mass of useful matter in a perspicuous and permanent form."

"You have my best wishes for an increase of profitable patronage, and success in your editorial labours."

The late Mr. Dallas, author of the famous Exposition of the causes and character of the war" with Great Britain, openly and repeatedly mentioned the services this work had done him, in that well-executed undertaking.

The REGISTER is now as a part of the out-fit of our foreign ministers, and is at every principal court in Europe. I have sold either five or six sets to our government.

parts distant from the capital, with no more rights than cattle. The great military force of Russia has been raised exactly as a man would select certain oxen from his herd for the butcher's knife; yet Alexander, on one or two occasions, descended to talk about the conscriptions of France! Russia has also a considerable number of ships of war, some of which are said to be very fine vessels; but will not, probably, become a great maritime power until it pleases the emperor to extinguish Denmark and Sweden and drive the Turks into Asia; events that, probably, may soon come to pass, and then his means and conveniences for a large navy will be very ample. More politic than Napoleon, we see that Alexander has fully as enlarged views and, in truth, it appears quite as necessary that kings, as individuals, should have a master: and, when he has consolidated and organized his late acquisitions, we shall see whether it is better that they [the kings] should be governed at St. Petersburg than at Paris.

The finances of Russia, in common with those of Europe, at large, are however much disordered, and the public credit must be at a low cbb; for, by And, I am told that a copy has been obtained a late ukase, the commissioners of the sinking fund by the emperor of Russia, "the magnanimous A-are authorized to give a bonus of 20 per cent. for lexander" who has "graciously been pleased to say, monies ient, with 6 per cent. interest on the whole that he received more light through it of the real capital thus created. It was almost as bad in the condition of the United States than from every United States during the late war, when a vast conother source. spiracy was in full operation to bankrupt the government; but it did not last long—and, being at peace, our 6 per cent. stocks are above par. But many of the British loans have been raised on as destructive terms, in time of war.

Glances at Europe.

Russia appears to be the only country in Europe where the state of man is improving. It is true, England is in a peculiar and very interesting there was more room for it in this great empire, state. She has neither external nor internal war, perhaps, than any where else, a very large part of yet she is not at peace-[see the speech of the chanthe population being semi barbarians and absolute cellor of the exchequer on the budget;] but with laves. Alexander is, without doubt, the wisest and peace abroad, has a quasi war at home, and is com. most politic, as well as the best sovereign in the pelled still to keep up a vast regular military force world, (for they are generally half-ideots or drunken to assist the "loyal" militia of the kingdom. With suts) though not the least ambitious; and deserves her great exports and the vast product of her magreat credit for his successful exertions to amelio-nufacturing industry, rich colonies and numerous rate the condition of the numerous and various peo- advantages, the people are unable to pay the taxes ple that inhabit his widely-extended empire, as yet levied upon them, and these taxes, if collected, are much behind the neighboring countries in a know-inadequate to her expenditure! The permanent ledge of the sciences and useful arts. The views contributions of the people cannot fall much short of this prince are truly gigantic; and he will, cer- of 100 millions a year; say 60 millions for payment of tainly, be the arbiter of the old world, if the present interest on the national debt and support of governstate of things is permitted to go on. With one ment, 15 to the various herd of commissioners and foot placed on the Baltic, ready to be advanced to tax-gatherers, spies and pensioners, 10 in poorthe atlantic when occasion fits it, he washes the rates and at least 15 in what are called "private chaother in the Pacific, and stretches his arms from rities," but which, in fact, are nearly as much extorthe pole towards the Mediterranean. Already, em-ted as any thing else, and a long list of et ceteras. Iu phatically entitled to be called the ruler of nations, the present year, the government will really borrow and having blotted Poland from the map, he per- not less than 20 millions, (100 millions of dollars) suades the Grand Turk out of some of his finest and next year as much more, with the interest on provinces as introductory to a future scat at Con- this, must be borrowed, if the present state of things stantinople, hoids Prussia, Denmark and Sweden, and continues. The habeas corpus act, once the boast Several German states as his satellites, alarms us and glory of England, is further suspended, and the tri, intrudes upon Persia, and threatens even the infamously famous letters de catchet of old France, distant einpire of China. In France, too, he rules, and are virtually in use. The whole country is infested Spain and Italy bow to his influence Ile protects by spies and informers-villains of the darkest cast, the arts, encourages agriculture and extends com- who urge the people to riot and disorder to earn merce. The Black Sea is covered with the Russian the wages of ministers, as is broadly, yer strangely, flag, which now visits all nations, and the Caspian confessed in the report of the committee of the will soon be thronged with their ships. The dis-house of lords, recominending a continuance of the ordered state of Europe has thrown into his country suspending act, and as has been repeatedly stated, nny t cousands of the most enlightened and most and never denied, in parliament." "Sham-plots" are useful of her citizens; and he, instead of fearing, has

Cherished them, to chasten society, and, in a thou- Extract from the report.-"This intelligence must sand ways, add to the resources of his empire.-be considered as resting in many of its parts upon Later ideas must more and more prevail, and the the depositions and communications of persons whe peasantry receive emancipation by degrees-at pre- either are themselves more or less implicated in

part of the system; without them the arm of go-to those who have the most need of it, from vernment must fail, and the leeches cease to suck a jealousy lest they might incidentally swell the the blood of the laboring poor. These are the words population of another power-rather than which of truth and soberness-literal facts, of common they would have them to perish at home! —-To notoriety; and some, in the house of commons, have play a little longer on the public feeling, a comopenly said that certain tumultuous meetings of the mittee of the house of commons have intimated that people, as they are called, were for a fourth part a reduction of the interest on the debt would be composed of spies, urging them to extremes. A expedient-but this is nonsense; the people never wretch, that passes by the name of Oliver, was de- will be relieved of it but by managing the affair tected in some treasonable act, and about to be com-themselves; and happily, nine-tenths of the loss mitted, but instantly released by instructions from that might thereby be incurred would fall upon London! The people have found that in fighting for those who dishonestly, or without value given for the "liberties of Europe," (the phrase under which it, acquired the property. The poor mad king, all the John Bulls cloaked their own schemes of de- perhaps, holds a million or two, for an instance; so mination,) they have perfectly enslaved themselves; it passes through the immense mass of nuisances, and the boors of Russia are hardly less degraded in state and church. Almost every part of the than the laboring classes in England-one-fifth of the country seems agitated; but if the people have any people are paupers, dependent on the "public boun- fixed design they are without method, and only ty" for potatoes enough to keep soul and body toge. make bad worse by a shew of resistance. ther. The secret service money of England, openly What is to be the end of this system-or when acknowledged, or drawn from the "droits of admi- it shall end, we know not; but it seems as if it must ralty" without saying one word about it, amounts have an end, and we cannot be sorry that the worst to a greater sum than the whole cost of the govern- government in the world should fall. ment of the United States, including the interest on France, that lately dictated to the continent, is the national debt; and the payment of the persons uow bearded by all the old "legitimates;" a fa employed there to manage the debt and collect the reign army in her territory dictates the law to the revenue, amounts to three times as much as we have king, and exacts tribute by the bayonet. The imbeto pay! France had her bastile; but every English cile Bourbons are restored, and all that belongs to county jail is one now. Misery increases as it goes her as a great nation has retired, or reposes for a on-the taxes are equal to the whole rental of the new opportunity to come forth. With the exception kingdom-the wholesome middle class is disappear of some mobs crying for bread, France seems qui ing or has disappeared; late respectable men are but we must rather believe it is the quiet of neees. literal beggars, and the whole wealth of the nation sity than of content. The government is borrowing is collected into the hands of the worthless, specu- large sums of money. lating, stock-jobbing few; who, in luxury, look down and laugh at a starving multitude. With an entire evidence of the fact that England is too populous for a peace establishment, so many obstructions are laid in the way of emigration as, in fact, to deny it

these criminal transactions, but who have apparently engaged in them, but with the view of obtaining information, and imparting it to the magistrates or to the secretary of state."

Spain, with an ungrateful fool for her king,suffers much. She is every way miserable-without honor and without means. Poverty prevades the whole country. Her public debt is about 60 per cent. we believe, under par, and there seems to be little prospect of paying the interest or principal of it. The king would borrow much money, but none will tryst the traitor.

In Austria, and Germany generally, together with Prussia and in the Netherlands, much private disSir Francis Burdett roundly charged the minis-tress and public difficulty prevails. In Switzerland, ters with manufacturing the treason themselves. also, and northern Italy, there is great suffering for The spies, it appears, made much use of the name want of food-mere necessaries of life. The finanof this gentleman to get the confidence of the peo- ces of all are deranged; and it would appear, that ple, and sir Francis enquired if they were instruct- no government in Europe possesses resources equal ed so to do-Lord Castlereagh admitted that they to its expenditures, though all are at peace! Nor is wwere so instructed. What a state of society is here! Who can wish it continued?

We have a particular account of the detection of one of these spies in Ireland. The wretch was the chief evidence at the Lifford assizes against several persons charged with offences that, if they had been guilty of, would have caused them to have been transported, at least. The presiding judge happened to be an independent man, who loved justice more than the king's service; and, in the examination of the fellow it appeared, by his own reluctant confession, that he was employed by a justice of the peace to entrap and ensnare the unwary-to serve in which he acknowledged that he "had taken no less than five false oaths which he had meant to break; that he had been present at the burning of a house, without using any means to prevent it, thinking it time enough for him to communicate the crime when it was committed, &c. &c. The principal in this business, the justice of the peace, was a major D'Arcy; who, it appeared, had a tribe of such scoundrels in his pay. The persons charged were instantly acquitted on the preceding acts being known.

there more than one or two in which the people
have, or can get, enough to eat by their labor! Such
are the fruits of legitimacy. What a contrast to the
state of our own republic!

PITHY SUMMARY.
From the Catskill Recorder.
Spain-Conspiracies, bigotry and the Inquisition.
France-Humiliation and proscription.

"Upon my head they placed a fruitless crown,
"And put a barren sceptre in my gripe,"
England-Splendid national poverty-paupers and
princes and criminals.

Ireland-Riots and starvation.

Russia-Colossal projects and colossal means.
Austria-Poland-Switzerland-Dark shades in a

dark picture.

Italy-The pope, the lazaroni and the robbers.

The Black Sea.

The National Advocate exhibits the importance of the trade of the Black Sea, and urges it to American enterprize. From the improvements recently made on its banks and of those of the rivers that empty into it, by the enlightened policy.