116 FRENCH ATTEMPTS TO COLONIZE NEW YORK. P'T. II. became the first European explorers of the southern P'D. I. portion of Upper Canada, of which they took possesc. I. sion for the French king. Father 3. One of these missionaries, Isaac Jouges, undaunt ed by the terrors of the Mohawk name, went among these savages, and was imprisoned. He escaped, but 1646. afterwards attempted a permanent mission. Arriving Jouges. at the Mohawk castle, he was accused of blighting the corn of the Indians, by spells of sorcery. Being conThe Mo- demned, he received his death blow with composure. hawks. His head was hung on the palisades of the fort, and his body thrown into the placid stream. 4. Circumstances changed. The missionaries were received among each tribe of the Five Nations. Rude chapels were constructed, where the natives chanted the services of the Romish church. But when the attempt missionaries sought to bring their lives under the influence of Christian principles, as to war and the treatN. Y. ment of prisoners, the fierceness of their character French to colo nize Allouez prevailed. They returned to their former customs, gave up their religion, and expelled the missionaries. Thus ended the attempts of the French to colonize New York. 5. Father Allouez, bent on a voyage of discovery, early in September, passed Mackinaw, into Lake Supe1665. pior. Sailing along the high banks and pictured rocks at Lake of its southern shore, he rested, beyond the bay of Superior. Keweena, on that of Chegoimegon. Here was the great village of the Chippewas. 6. A grand council of ten or twelve tribes was, at the moment, assembled, to prevent the young braves of the Chippewas and Sioux, from taking up the tomahawk against each other. In this assembly came forCouncil. ward the missionary, and stood, and commanded, in the name of his heavenly, and of his earthly master, that there should be peace. Indian 2. What part of the country did the missionaries take posses sion of for the French king? 3. Give an account of Father Jouges?-4. Of the further attempt to convert the Indians of New York?-5. Give an account of Father Allouez's route to the village of the Chippewas, and show it on the map?-6. What did Father Allouez at this village? JAMES MARQUETTE. 117 P'D. I. St. 7. The Indians listened with reverence. They had PT. never before seen a white man. Soon they built a chapel; and there they devoutly chanted their vesper CH. IX. and matin hymns; and the mission of St. Esprit was founded. The scattered Hurons and Ottawas here Esprit founded collected around the missionary. He preached to the Pottawotamies, the Sacs and Foxes, the Illinois, and the Sioux. The great heard of 8. From each of these tribes, he gained descriptions of their country, their lakes and rivers, of which he made reports to his government. He especially dwelt on what he had heard of the great river "Mesipi." river He urged the sending of small colonies of French emigrants, to make permanent settlements in the west. 9. A small company, headed by two missionaries, 1669 Claude Dablon, and James Marquette, founded the first St. Mary's French settlement within the limits of the United States. founded. It is at St. Mary's, on the falls between the Lakes Superior and Huron... Allouez founded a mission at Green Green Bay. 1669. Bay. Mar 10. Marquette selected a young Illinois as his companion, and learned from him the language of his nation. The Hurons heard with astonishment, that he had formed the bold design of exploring the great quette's river of the west; notwithstanding their assertions, boldness. that its monsters devoured men and canoes, its warriors never spared the stranger, and its climate was rife with death. 11. Marquette walked from Green Bay, followed the Fox river, crossed the Portage from its head waters to those of the Wisconsin; when, with no com- 1673. panion but the missionary Joliet, he embarked upon Follows its bosom, and followed its course, unknowing whither the Wis it would lead. Solitary they floated along, till, in the M6 seven days, they entered, with inexpressible joy, the broad Mississippi. They continued to float with its 7. How was it with the Indians? What was the mission called? 8. What information was gained, and reported?-9. What account can you give of St. Mary's? Where did Allouez found a mission? 10. What was said by the Indians to deter Marquette from executing his design?-11. Give an account of his route, and trace it on the map. consir 118 A MEMORABLE VOYAGE. P'T. II. lonely current, until, near the mouth of the Moingona, they perceived marks of population. P:D. I. CH. IX. Indian 12. Disembarking, they found, at fourteen miles from the river, a village of the natives. Old men met them with the calumet, told them they were expected, and bade them enter their dwellings in peace. The courtesy, missionaries declared, by the council-fire, the claims of the Christian religion, and the right of the king of France, to their territory. The Indians feasted them, and sent them away with the gift of a peace-pipe, embellished with the various colored heads and necks of bright and beautiful birds. 13. Sailing on their solitary way, the discoverers heard afar, a rush of waters from the west; and soon the vast Missouri came down with its fiercer current to hasten on the more sluggish Mississippi. They saw, and passed the mouth of the Ohio, nor stopped, till they had gone beyond that of the Arkansas. There vers the they found savages, who spoke a new tongue. They were armed with guns; a proof that they had trafficked with the Spaniards, or with the English, in Virginia They showed hostile dispositions, but respected the peace-pipe, the white flag of the desert. Disco Missouri. 14. Marquette now retraced his course to the Illi1674. nois, entered and ascended that river, and beheld the Returns beautiful fertility of its summer prairies, abounding in Bay. game. He visited Chicago, and in September was again at Green Bay. to Green 15. The next year, on the banks of the little stream, now called by his name, Marquette retired for devo1675. tion, from the company with which he was journeying— Mar- to pray, by a rude altar of stones, beneath the silent dies near shade. There, half an hour afterwards, his dead body chigan. was found. He was buried on the shore of the lake; and the Indian,fancies that his spirit still controls its quette Lake Mi storms. 16. As Joliet, the companion of Marquette, was returning from the west, to carry the tidings of their 12. What happened at an Indian village?-13. Describe, and trace Marquette's route, to its farthest extent ? What inha bitants did he find? 14. Describe, and trace his return? 15. Give an account of the death of Marquette ? Builds discovery, he met at Frontenac, now Kingston, the PT. II governor of the place, the energetic and highly gifted P'D. I. La Salle. His genius kindled, at the description of CH. IX. the missionary; he went to France, and was commis1679 sioned to complete the survey of the great river. La Salle. 17. He returned to Frontenac, built a wooden canoe, of ten tons, and carrying a part of his company to the mouth of Tonne wanta Creek, he there built the first sailing vessel, which ever navigated Lake Erie. On Lake his way across the lakes, he marked Detroit as a suitable place for a colony, gave name to Lake St. Clair, Founds planted a trading house at Mackinaw, and finally cast anchor at Green Bay. 18. Here, he collected a rich cargo of furs, and sent back his brig to carry them to Niagara. Then, in bark canoes, he moved his party south, to the head of lake Michigan. There he constructed the Fort of the Miamis. His brig was unfortunately lost; but, with a small company, he steered resolutely west, accompanied by the Jesuit Hennepin. the first sailing vessel on Erie. Macki naw. 19. They reached, through many discouragements, by disaster, treachery, and climate, the great Illinois; and following its waters four days journey below Lake Peoria, La Salle there built a fort, which, in the bitter- 1679. ness of his spirit, he named Creve-coeur. Here he sent pin with out a party under Hennepin, to explore the sources of La Salle the Mississippi, and himself set forth on foot to return to Frontenac. Henne 20. Hennepin followed the Illinois to its junction with the parent stream; then ascended that river above the falls to which he gave the name of St. Anthony. He afterwards reported, though falsely, that he had 1680. discovered the sources of the Mississippi. He explores to La Salle returned to his fort on the Illinois, built a St. Anthony's small vessel, and the next year, he sailed down the Falls Mississippi, till he reached its mouth. To the country he gave the name of Louisiana, in honor of his sovereign, Louis XIV. 16. Who was La Salle? How did he become interested, and what did he do? - 17. Trace, and describe his route to Green Bay?- -18. What steps did he here take? 19. Where did he go from thence? Whom did he send out to explore? What was done by Hennepin? What next by La Salle ? 20. 120 P'D.I. his THE GREAT PATENT OF THE SOUTH. P'T. II. 21. Returning to France, the government sent him to colonize the country which he had visited; but his CH. I. fleet took a wrong direction, and he was carried, with 1687. party, to Texas, where he made the settlement of La Salle St. Louis. Attempting to go to Louisiana on foot, a killed. discontented soldier of his party, gave him his deathshot. Texas was regarded as an appendage to Lou isiana, CHAPTER X. North and South Carolina.-The Great Patent.-Mr. Locke's Constitution. 1. AFTER Charles II. was restored, the people about him, took advantage of his improvident good nature, and want of conscientious scruples. They thus gained large tracts of American territory- and, neither he who gave, nor they who received, considered, whether or not, it was his to give. In 1663, the king gave Carolina. Carolina, which more justly belonged to Spain, to 1663. Lord Clarendon the historian, Lord Ashley Cooper Patent of Earl of Shaftsbury, General Monk afterwards Duke of Albemarle, Lord Craven, the two Berkeleys, Sir John Colleton, and Sir George Carteret. 2. These noblemen next aspired to the glory of founding a sovereignty, which should, not only yield them money, but the fame of legislators; and in 1667. Charles granted them the whole of the country, from the mouth of the river St. Johns to 36° 33′ north latiThe tude; and from the Atlantic to the Pacific ocean. grant ex-frame a government for the future empire, they secured 1665. the services, of the well known philosopher, John tended. To Locke. In the meantime, the younger Berkeley, who was governor of Virginia, was to extend his rule over the whole territory. 21. What happened on his last return to America? CHAPTER X.-1. What traits of Charles II, are here mentioned? What advantage was taken of them? What grant did he make in 1663? To whom?-2. What grant did he make in 1667? Show its extent on the map? Who was to frame a con stitution for this large country? Who to be governor ? |