THE ENGLISH REVOLUTION. 111 in the country, he sent to Connecticut, demanding the PT. II. surrender of the charter. This being refused, in 1687, PD. I. he came with a guard to Hartford, during the session CH. VII. of the general assembly, and in person required its delivery. 1686 Sir E. Andross Charter 10. After debating until evening, the charter was in New produced, and laid on the table, where the assembly England were sitting. The lights were suddenly extinguished, and one of the members privately conveyed it away, 1687 and hid it in the cavity of a large oak tree. The can- of Conn dles were officiously relighted, but the charter was gone; and no discovery could be made of it, or, at that time, of the person who carried it away. The Wyllis' government of the colony was, however, surrendered to Andros. hid in Charter Oak, on Hill. to 11. Massachusetts, where Sir Edmund resided, was the principal seat of despotism and suffering. In 1688, 1687, New York, and New Jersey, were added to his jurisdiction; and for more than two years, there was a 1689. general suppression of charter governments throughout the colonies, and a perpetual series of tyrannical exactions. • The 12. But the king had made himself as much detested at home, as his governor had abroad. The British nation, putting aside the fiction of the divine right of 1688. legitimate sovereigns, asserted that of human nature, Revoluby declaring that an oppressed people may change tion" in their rulers. They forced the king to abdicate, and completed what is called the English "Revolution," by placing William and Mary on the throne. England. and Ran 13. Great was the joy of New England. Even on the first rumor of the British Revolution, the authorities of Boston seized and imprisoned Andros and Andros Randolph. As a temporary government, they organ- dolph in ized a committee of safety, of which the aged governor, Bradstreet, accepted the presidency; though he knew that, if the intelligence proved false, it might cost him his life. 12 9. Why did he go to Hartford ?-10. What happened during his visit? 11. What took place from 1687 to 1689 ? What fiction or false principle did the English put aside? Wha right did they assert? What is this event called?-13. What was done in Boston? prison. 112 NEW YORK. P'D. I N. H P'T. II. 14. The change of government, produced by the removal of Andros, left New Hampshire in an unsetCH. VIII. tled state. Mason had died in 1685, leaving his two sons heirs to his claims. The people earnestly peti1685. tioned to be again united with Massachusetts, but their Mason wishes were frustrated by Samuel Allen, who had Allen purchased of the heirs of Mason, their title to New buys his Hampshire. Allen received a commission as governor of the colony, and assumed the government in 1692. dies. title. Conn. 15. When the intelligence was confirmed, that William and Mary were seated on the throne, Rhode Island and R. I. and Connecticut resumed their charters; but the king resolutely refused to restore to Massachusetts, her eharters. former system of government. Andros, Randolph, and others, were ordered to England for trial. resume their CHAPTER VIII. N. York.-Its Governors.-Leisler.-Quakers in Massachusetts. 1. AFTER the surrender of the Dutch, Colonel Nichols entered upon the administration of the government of Lovelace. New York, which he conducted with great prudence, 1667. integrity, and moderation. The people, however, continued without civil rights, all authority being vested in the royal governor and council. Nichols returned to England, and was succeeded by Lord Lovelace. 2. In 1673, England and Holland were again involved in war, and Holland sent over a small fleet to 1673. regain her American possessions. This force arrived Dutch at New York, and demanded a surrender, which was take N. made without resistance. The Dutch took immediate York. possession of the fort and city, and soon after of the whole province. 14. What took place in New Hampshire?-15. What hap pened in the other New England provinces? Who were sent to England? CHAPTER VIII.-1. How ad Colonel Nichols govern in New York?-2. What happened in 1673? ENGLISH REVOLUTION AFFECTS NEW YORK. 113 3. The next year, 1674, the war terminated, and p’T. IL New York was restored to the English. The Duke P'D. I. of York, to prevent controversy about his title to the CH. vi territory, took out a new patent, and the same year 1674. appointed Sir Edmund Andros, governor. N. York Andros 4. Andros claimed jurisdiction over that part of restored. Connecticut west of the river, it having been included in the grant to the Duke of York. To seize it, he arrived off the fort, at Saybrook, with an armed force. 1675. The governor and council, being apprised of his de- repulsed sign, sent a few troops under Captain Bull, who con- at Sayducted himself with such spirit, that Andros, jocosely declaring that his "horns should be tipped with gold," made no further attempt. brook. 5. In 1682, Andros was removed from the government of New York. The succeeding year was a happy era in the history of this colony. The excellent Colonel Dongan arrived as governor, and the de- 1682. sires of the people, for a popular government, were Dongan. gratified. The first general assembly, was convoked, 1683. consisting of a council and eighteen representatives. First Governor Dongan surpassed all his predecessors, in assembly. attention to affairs with the Indians, by whom he was highly esteemed. Leisler. 6. The news from Europe, that the inhabitants of England had resolved to dethrone James, and offer the crown to William and Mary, raised the hopes of the 1688. disaffected. Among these, was Jacob Leisler, an active militia captain, and a favorite of the people. He was not, however, a man of talents, but received the guiding impulses of his conduct, from the superior energies of his son-in-law, Jacob Milborne. to act as 7. By his counsel, Leisler, at the head of a few men, Leisler declared for William and Mary, and took possession assumes of the fort of New York. His party increased to more than five hundred. The governor left the province, and Leisler assumed to administer the government. agent. - 3. What took place in 1674?-4. Give an account of Andros's attempt to take Connecticut? 5. What happened in 1682? What the next year?-6. What happened in New York when news came of the expulsion of King James? Who was Jacob Leisler?-7. Give an account of his and Milborne's operations? king Wil liam's 114 RELIGIOUS FEELING PERVERTED PT. 11. Milborne went to Albany, and made himself master of the place. The regular authorities were against CH. VII. these lawless proceedings. P'D. I. gov 8. King William now commissioned Henry Sloughter, as governor of New York. Never was a gover1691. nor more needed, and never was one more destitute ergor of every qualification for the office. He refused to erns N. treat with Leisler; but put him, and several of his adherents to prison. Finally, that unfortunate man, together with his son-in-law, perished upon the gallows. Their execution was disapproved by the people; and executed. their property, which was confiscated, was afterwards restored to their descendants. York, Leisler Reli 9. Motives derived from pure religion, are the best, and most effective, of all which influence human conduct. But when the religious feeling of men becomes gious perverted, all history shows, that it then produces the very worst effects. Under the influence of this feeling, in its right operation, our Puritan forefathers resisted oppression in England, suffered hardship, and braved death, to enjoy their religion unmolested. feeling. May Jecome 10. But they were not free, from the common error of their age, which was, that all in the same community, must, on religious subjects, think very much alike. The Puritans believed their way was certainly pervert right, and they were utterly unwilling, that any should be among them, who should teach any thing different. This produced uncharitableness towards others, and the bad effects of the religious sentiment perverted. ed. 11. The denomination of Friends or Quakers, had arisen in England. They had heard that the Puritans exercised a persecuting spirit, as in the cases of Mrs. The Hutchinson and Roger Williams. They also thought Friends the Puritan religion consisted too much in outward kers. form, and too little in inward purity. The Quakers or Cua believed, that they were called by a voice from a divine 8. Who was Henry Sloughter? How did he proceed in regard to Leisler? 9. What may be said of motives derived from true religion? When the religious feeling of bodies of men becomes perverted, how is it then? What did our Puritan forefathers, under the impulse of right religious feeling? - 10. What was the common error of their age Were the Puritans free from it ?-11. What induced the Quakers to come to Massa chusetts ? THE DISCOVERERS OF THE NORTH-WEST. 115 P'D. I. inward monitor, to go to New England, particularly PT. г. to Boston, and there warn the people of their errors. 12. The Puritans, when they came, imprisoned them, and sent them away. The Quakers came again, 1660 and boldly denounced that, which the Puritans held 4 execudearer than life. Laws were made to banish them, pro- tein hibiting return, on pain of death. The Quakers came back, and four were actually hanged. The Puritans then became convinced of their error, opened their released prison doors, and released twenty-eight persons. 28 CHAPTER IX. Jesuit Missionaries of France-their Discoveries. 1. FROM the devotion of the Puritans, and the Quakers, we turn to that of the Jesuit missionaries of France; and in all, we perceive "the operation of that common law of our nature, which binds the heart of man to the Author of his being." The Jesuit missionReli aries desired to extend the benefits of Christian re- gious dedemption to the heathen; yet they unfortunately united worldly policy with religious enthusiasm, and sought, principle not only to win souls to Christ, but subjects to the king of France, and the papal dominion. votion a natural 2. The Catholics, already in Canada, seconded their efforts, and in 1640, Montreal was founded, to give the missionaries a starting point, nearer the scene of their operations. Within thirteen years, the wilderness of the Hurons was visited by sixty missionaries, mostly 1634 Jesuits. Making the Huron settlements of St. Louis, and St. Ignatius, their central station, they carried the 60 misgospel to the surrounding tribes; and thus visited and sioraries 12. How were they treated? CHAPTER IX.-1. When we see that different sects are willing to suffer death, in the service of God, what do we perceive? What two principles of conduct did the Jesuits unite ?-2. When was Montreal founded? For what object? Learn from the map of this period, in connection with the book, the central station of the missionaries. to 1649 |