Inside was wood, etc., and animals. Men were sitting around on the ground near a small fire. I went up the stone steps, to the second story and entered a room comparatively aristocratic. Stretching myself on a bench, covered with plain upholstering, I tried to sleep. But the night was chilly, and the scenes were so strange and exciting, that sleep did not

come.

About 3 A. M., after drinking a small cup of very sweet coffee, and paying the moderate fee demanded, we resumed our journey.

The road in the mountains was in some places not only steep, but exceedingly rough. The passengers frequently walked, though they were not required to do so.

About 9 o'clock in the forenoon, we arrived at Jerusalem, the stony hills having continued up to the very city. There was no vegetation, except the olive tree. This is here about the size of a large apple tree, and grows sometimes from the very rocks themselves. And this is Jerusalem, the holy city, inhabited by Jews as in days of old. How' it came to be built upon these rocky hills is a constant source of wonderment, especially to one who finds it difficult to adopt the theory of Mr. Spafford, who was presiding over a religious colony, most of whom, like himself, came from Chicago. His explanation is that in ancient times all these hills were covered with dense forests. I asked him for the evidence.

"Why," said he, "this country was given by the Almighty to his chosen people for an inheritance. Would you give your son something not worth having? These hills, in their present condition, would be very undesirable. Therefore, they must have been covered with a luxuriant growth of timber." How such a growth could have been supported upon the sterile rocks, he did not explain.

Almost the only fuel used here, consists of the limbs and roots of the dead or decaying olive trees. The trees are of a stunted growth. The fuel obtained from them is very dear, and gives out but little heat. The expense of bringing coal from Jaffa, is about equal to the price of it in that city. Some charcoal is brought on mules, from the valley of the Hebron.

I visited the Mount of Olives, and saw the stone from which Christ is said to have ascended into heaven. I then descended into the City, and visiting the Mosque, saw the stone from which Mohammed is said to have ascended. On the stone are shown the foot-prints of the angel, who sustained and assisted the prophet before his ascent. I saw the Valley of Jehoshaphat, the Dead Sea and the River Jordan. I passed through the.

Garden of Gethsemane, and into the Church of the Virgin Mary, where devotees were paying homage at her tomb. Afterward, visited the Church of the Holy Sepulcher, and was shown what purported to be the tomb of Christ.

I took supper with Mr. Spafford and his "family" or society. Every thing was pleasant. There were about twenty of them. They had been living under the same roof for about 5 years.

During my stay, I visited Bethlehem, which was a repetition of the olive crowned hills; though here they were less sterile-more beautiful and picturesque. There were also some fertile valleys between.

AN ARAB DINNER.

While in Jerusalem, in company with Mr. Spafford, I took dinner with an Arab sheik, or chief. He lived in a two story stone house, on the side of the Mount of Olives. We ascended two or three flights of stone steps, built outside the house, and were ushered into a room somewhat luxuriously furnished, there being plenty of sofa seats and lounges. In one corner of the room was a bed. We were seated about a low table, upon which soon appeared a round, flat cake of bread for each guest, and one for the host. There were five in all. The bread had been baked on hot stones, and was very good. Then came a large platter, with four dishes of food. In the center of the platter was a plate containing small pieces of meat, well cooked. There was a dish containing rolls, about an inch thick and four to six inches long, having on the outside cabbage leaves wound round, like the outside of a cigar. The inside consisted of meat and rice, properly cooked and seasoned. The whole was very palatable. There was another dish containing what appeared to be carrots; but in some mysterious way the outside of the carrots was gone, and the place was supplied also by meat and rice. Then there was a bowl of olives. The rolls we ate with our fingers. Then came the dessert. It was served on a platter about two feet in diameter, and consisted of a delicious pudding, covered over the top with almond meats. The drink was water. After dinner, rose water was passed round for the hands and head.

Jerusalem had at that time 45 or 50,000 inhabitants, and was growing rapidly, the accessions being principally Jews, from all parts of the world. After an interesting sojourn of a week in Palestine, I took steamer for Athens, by the way of Smyrna.

On the second of January, we passed Cape Colonna, where we could see the twelve remaining pillars of the Temple of Minerva, built by

Pericles, about 450 years before Christ.

As we approached Piraeus we could see Athens in the distance, and the Acropolis very distinctly. Here, before us, was the home of the philosophers, among whom were some of the most profound thinkers the world has ever produced. It was with mingled feelings of pleasure and sadness, and with some confusion of thought that I placed my foot upon this classic soil.

In Athens I passed the month of January. It has been too often and too well described, to justify me in attempting a description. Athens is a beautiful, modern city. There are many ancient ruius of interest. There are no paintings worth speaking of, and not a single complete piece of ancient statuary did I see while in Athens. These I was told had all been removed to London by Lord Elgin. If so, the English government should do that justice to Greece, which France has done to the various European governments whose cities and villages had been despoiled by Napoleon, of their choicest works of art.

One of my visits to the Acropolis was made by moonlight. The moon was shining gloriously through one of the clearest of Grecian skies, and the solemn splendor of the scene, as we ascended the marble steps of the Propylæon, no words can describe. Here were the majestic and still beautiful witnesses of the greatness and splendor of ancient Greece. No ruins in Rome can compare with them in beauty and completeness of preservation; nor in the many remains of the most splendid architecture.

All the way from the Propylæon to the Parthenon, and in every direction around this noble structure, were broken columns and massive blocks of marble, as well as smaller pieces, ornamented in the handsomest manner known to architectural art. There were thousands of pieces, any one of which would be a valued treasure in an American museum

On the fourth of February I embarked in a French vessel for Marseilles. Thence in a Spanish vessel for Malaga, encountering on the way a terrific gale-the worst storm which had been known on the Spanish coast for twenty years. We touched at Barcelona, where I attended the theater; also at Valencia, Alicante, Carthagena and Almaria, and arrived at Malaga, Feb. 20, 1887.

From Malaga I proceeded to Grenada, and visited the Alhambra. Thence to Madrid, where I witnessed a bull fight, during which five bulls were slain by the matadores.

After a stay of two weeks in Spain, I turned my course, for the third time, toward Paris. C. B. W.

BOOK REVIEWS.

COMMENTARIES ON AMERICAN LAW. BY JAMES KENT. IN FOUR VOLUMES. VOLUME I. NEW AND THOROUGHLY REVISED EDITION BY WILLIAM M. LACY, OF THE PHILADELPHIA BAR. PHILADELPHIA: THE BLACKSTONE PUBLISHING Co. 1889.

This is a handsome edition of the work of the great American Commentator, whose portrait and a sketch of whose life appear in this number of the LAW TIMES. It appears as part of the "Text Book Series,” which is published monthly by the Blackstone Publishing Company, at $15 per year. Appended to this volume are the Articles of Confederation, the Declaration of Independence, and the Constitution of the United States. Speaking of this work, the author says:

"Subsequent to the last edition issued under supervision of the author, important changes have occurred. Of the international questions by him so thoroughly discussed, some, arising anew from the peaceful intercourse and hostile conflicts of sovereign powers, have received further consideration and more authoritative decision. Within the nation still greater changes have taken place. In addition to the gradual progress of national progression, the country has recently been subjected to a great political revolution, whose causes may have passed into history, but whose effects are appearing in constitutional and legislative provision. Aside from this, the fabric of national and State legislation, which, at the author's death, had been reared upon the underlying principles of our legal system, has been extensively altered and increased; while the decisions by whose light he was guided, have been multiplied a thousand fold. Read without frequent reference to these changes, his work, originally remarkable for its fullness of treatment, would be inadequate to the exposition of American law."

The deficiency here adverted to the author supplies by notes, which add much to the value of the work.

TENURE AND TOIL; OR RIGHTS AND WRONGS OF PROPERTY AND LABOR. BY JOHN GIBBONS, LL.D., OF THE CHICAGO BAR. PHILADELPHIA: J. B. LIPPENCOTT COMPANY. 1888.-This is a well-written book upon an important subject. The subject itself has been well considered and treated in an exhaustive manner.

Some idea of the scope of the work may be formed from the headings of its principal divisions:

Book I. The Right of Property and the History of Tenures.
Book II. The Origin, Growth, and Decadence of Feudal Tenures.
Book III. The Right of Property and the Stability of Tenures.
Book IV. Labor; its Wrongs and their Remedies.

Book V. Limitation of Ownership and Prohibition of Trusts.
Book VI. Distribution of Population and Division of Property.

The author devotes some of the chapters of the first book to Dr. Glynn, and two chapters of the third book to the fallacies of George's Land Tax theory, and to George's self refutation.

Discussing, as it does, in a calm and thoughtful manner, the great problem of the day, this work deserves to be extensively read and studied.

A TREATISE ON THE LAW AND PRACTICE OF FORECLOSING MORTGAGES ON REAL PROPERTY, AND OF REMEDIES COLLATERAL THERETO. WITH FORMS. BY CHARLES HASTINGS WILTSIE, OF THE ROCHESTER BAR. ROCHESTER, N. Y., WILLIAMSON LAW BOOK COMPANY, SUCCESSORS TO WILLIAMSON AND HIGBIE; 1889.-This work is published in a single volume of over a thousand pages. It is stated in the preface that it is not a second edition of the author's first treatise on "Parties to Mortgage Foreclosures and their Rights and Liabilities," but that it is distinctively a new treatise; covering every part of the law and practice of foreclosing mortgages, from the complaint, through the distribution of surplus moneys, and including such collateral remedies as the appointment of a receiver.

"It is adapted to the practice of every State in the Union, and especially of those States where foreclosures are conducted by equitable actions and sales. Over eight thousand cases have been cited; about one-third of these have been taken from the reports of the State of New York. Every case cited has been tested and examined three different times, with a view to making the work accurate in details, as well as exhaustive, and as far as possible original."