ENTRAINS, a town of France, in the dept. of the Nievre, ro miles W. of Clamecy.

* ENTRANCE. n. f. [entrant, French.] I. The power of entering into a place.--Whence are you, fir? Has the porter his eyes in his head, that he gives entrance to fuch companions? Pray, get you out. Shakes.→Where diligence opens the door of the understanding, and impartially keeps it, truth is fure to find an entrance and a welcome too. South. 2. The act of entering.

3.

The reafon, that I gather, he is mad,
Is a mad tale he told to day at dinner,
Of his own door being thut against his entrance.
Shakespeare.

The paffage by which a place is entered; ave ve.-He charged them to keep the paffages of the hilly country; for by them there was an entrance into Judea. Judith-Palladio did conclude, that the principal entrance was never to be reguIated by any certain dimensions, but by the dignity of the mafter. Wotton. 4. Initiation; commencement. This is that which at first entrance baulks and cools them: they want their liberty. Locke. 5. Intellectual ingrefs; knowledge.-He that travelleth a country before he hath fome entrance into the language, gocth to school, and not a travel. Bacon. 6. The act of taking poffeffion of an office or dignity.-From the firft entrance of this king to his reign, never was king either more loving, or better beloved. Hayward. 7. The beginning of any thing.-St Auguftine, in the entrance of one of his formons, makes a kind of apology. Hakewill.-The earl of Holland we have had occafion to mention before in the firft entrance upon this difcourfe. Clarendon.

*To ENTRANCE. v. n. [from trance; tranfe, French, from tranfeo, Latin, to pafs over; to pafs for a time from one region to another.] 1. To put into a trance; to withdraw the foul wholly to other regions, while the body appears to lie in dead fleep. 2. To put into an extacy; to make infenfible of prefent objects.-With delight I was entranced and carried fo far from myfelf, as that I am forry that you ended fo foon. Spenser.

And fo I ravifh'd with her heav'nly note, I ftood entranc'd, and had no room for thought; But ali o'erpower'd with ecftacy of blifs, Was in a pleafing dream of paradife. Dryden. * To ENTRAP. v. a. [from trap.] 1. To enfnare; to catch in a trap or fnare.

Take heed, mine eyes, how ye do fare Henceforth too rafhly on that guileful net; In which, if ever eyes entrapped are, Out of her bands ye by no means fhall get. Spenser. 2. To involve unexpectedly in difficulties or diftreffes; to entangle.

Misfortune waits advantage to entrap The man most wary, in her whelming lap. Fairy Queen. He fought to entrap me by intelligence. Shk. 3. To take advantage of.—An injurious perfon les in wait to entrap thee in thy words. Eccluf.

viii. 11.

ENTRE AMBOS os Rios, a town of Portugal, in the province of Entre Duero e Minho, 8 miles SSW. of Amarante.

(1.)* To ENTREAT. v. a. [traiter, French]

1. To petition; to folicit; to importune.-Ifaac entreated the Lord for his wife. Gen XXV. 21. 2. To prevail upon by folicitation.-The Lord was entreated of him, and Rebecca his wife conceived. Gen. XXV. 21.-It were a fruitless attempt to appeafe a power, whom no prayers could entreat, no repentance reconcile. Rogers. 3. To treat or ufe well or ill.-Whereas thy fervant worketh truly, entreat him not evil. Eccluf. vii. 20.

4.

5.

Muft you, fir John, protect my lady here?"
Entreat her not the worfe in that I pray
You ufe her well.
Shak. Henry VT.

To entertain; to amufe. Not used.--
My lord, I must entreat the time alone.
-God fhield I should disturb devotion. Shak,
To entertain; to receive. Not in ufe.---
The garden of Proferpina this night,
And in the midft thereof a filver feat,

With a thick arbour goodly overdight,
In which the often us'd, from open heat,
Herself to throud, and pleafures to entreat.
Fairy Queen.

(2.) * To ENTREAT. V.N. 1. To offer a treaty or compact. Not ufed-Alexander was the firft that entreated peace with them. Mac. 2. To treat; to discourse. Not used.---The most admirable mystery of nature is the turning of iron, touched with the loadstone, toward the North pole, of which I fhall have farther occasion to entreat. Hakewill. 3. To make a petition.-They charged me, on pain of perpetual difpleasure, neither to speak of him, entreat for him, nor any way to fuftain him. Shakespeare.-The Janizaries entreated for them, as valiant men. Knolles.

* ENTREATANCE. n. s. [from entreat.] Petition; entreaty; folicitation. Not used.-

Thefe two entreatance made they might be heard,

Nor was their juft petition long deny'd. Fairf * ENTREATY. n. s. (from entreat.] Petition; prayer; folicitation; fupplication; request. If my weak orator

Can from his mother win the duke of York, Anon expect him here; but if the be Obdurate to entreaties, God forbid We fhould infringe the holy privilege Of fanctuary. Shak. Richard III. ENTRECASTEAUX, a town of France, in the department of Var; ro miles E. of Barjols. ENTRE-DOURO-E-MINHO, or a province of ENTRE-DUERO-E-MINHO, Portugal, fo

named from its fituation between the rivers Duero, and Minbo; 60 miles long from N. to S. and 35 broad. It is bounded on the N. by Galicia in Spain; on the E. by Galicia and the Portuguese province of Tra-los-montes; on the S. by Beira, and on the W. by the Atlantic. It produces corn, wine, oil, flax, &c. feeds great numbers of theep, and abounds with game and fith. The foil is tertile and the air pure. It is divided into 6 jurifdictions, and 963 parifes, containing 1460 churches, 1130 convents, and 504,000 inhabitants. It has feveral feaports, fituated on navigable rivers, by which a confiderable commerce is encouraged. Its chief towns are Braga the capital, Oporte, Amwante, and Viana.

* ENTREMETS. n. f. (French.] Small plates fet between the main dishes.-hard, of beet are plants

plants of white beet tranfplanted, producing great tops, which, in the midft, have a large white main fhoot, which is the true chard used in pottages and entremets. Mortimer.

ENTREPAS, in the manege, a broken pace or going, that is neither walk nor trot, but has fomewhat of an amble. This is a pace or gait of fuch horfes as have no reins or back, and go upon their shoulders; or, of fuch as are spoiled in their limbs.

ENTRE-TAJO-E-GUADIANA, the province of ALENTEJO. See ALENTEJO.

ENTREVAUX, a town of France, in the department of the Lower Alps, and chief place of a canton, in the district of Castellane, on the Var, near the ruins of Glandeves; 15 miles NE. of Caftellare.

ENTRING LADDERS, in a fhip, are of two forts; one ufed by the veffel's fides, in a harbour, or in fair weather, for perfons to go in and out of the fhip: the other is made of ropes, with fmall ftaves for steps; and is hung out of the gallery to enter into the boat, or to come aboard the fhip, when the fea runs fo high that they dare not bring the boat to the fhip's fide for fear of ftaving it.

ENTROCHUS, in natural history, a genus of extraneous foffils, ufually about an inch long, and made up of a number of round joints, which, when separate and loofe, are called trochita: They are compofed of the fame kind of plated fpar with the foffil fhells of the echini, which is ufually of a bluish grey colour, and very bright where newly broken; they are all ftriated from the centre to the circumference, and have a cavity in the middle. See Plate CXXXVII, Fig. 22. The entrochi are found of all fizes, from that of a pin's head to a finger's length, and the thickness of one's middle finger; and are plainly of marine origin, having often fea-fhells adhering to them. They feem to be the petrified arms of that fingular fpecies of the fea ftar-fifh, called ftella arborefcens. They are esteemed very powerful diuretics, and prefcribed in nephritic cafes with good fuccefs; the dofe being as much of the powder as will lie on a fhilling.

(1.)* ENTRY. n. s. [from enter; entrée, Fr.] 1. The paffage by which any one enters a house. -Some there are that know the reforts and falls of business, that cannot fink into the main of it; like a house that hath convenient ftairs and entries, but never a fair room. Bacon.

A ftrait long entry to the temple led, Blind with high walls, and horror over head, Dryden. -We proceeded through the entry, and were neceffarily kept in order by the fituation. Tatler. 2. The act of entrance; ingrefs.-Bathing and anointing give a relaxation or emolition; and the mixture of oil and water is better than either of them alone, becaufe water entereth better into the pores, and oil after entry fofteneth better. Bacon.-By the entry of the chyle and air into the blood by the lacteals, the animal may again revive. Arbuthnot. 3. The act of taking poffeffion of any eftate. 4. The act of registering of fetting down in writing-A notary made an entry of this act. Bacon. 5. The act of entering publickly into

any city.-The day being come, he made his ent try: he was a man of middle ftature and age, and, comely. Bacon.

(2.) ENTRY, BILL OF, in commerce. See BILL, 18. In making entries inwards, it is usual for merchants to include all the goods they have on board the fame fhip in one bill, though fometimes they may happen to be upwards of 20 feveral kinds: and in cafe the goods are short entered, additional or poft entries are now allowed; though formerly the goods, fo entered, were forfeited. As to bills of entry outwards, or including goods to be exported, upon delivering them, and paying the customs, you will receive a small piece of parchment called a cocket, which teftifies your payment thereof, and all duties for fuch goods. If feveral forts of goods are exported at once, of which fome are free, and others pay customs; the exporter muft have two cockets, and therefore muft make two entries; one for the goods that pay, and the other for the goods that do not pay cuftom. Entries of goods, on which a drawback is allowed, muft likewife contain the name of the hip in which the goods were imported, the im. porter's name, and time of entry inwards. The entry being thus made, and an oath taken that the cuftoms for those goods were paid as the law directs, you must carry it to the collector and comptroller, or their deputies; who, after examining their books, will grant warrant, which must be given to the furveyor, fearcher, or land. waiter, for them to certify the quantity of goods; after which the certificate must be brought back to the collector and comptroller, or their deputies, and oath made that the faid goods are really fhipped, and not landed again in any part of Great Britain.

(3.) ENTRY ISLAND, one of the MAGDALENE iflands. Lon. 61. 20. W. Lat. 46. 18. N.

(4.) ENTRY OF AN HEIR, in Scots law, that form of law by which an heir vefts in himself a proper title to his predeceffor's eftate.

ENTWISLE, a village near Bury, Lancashire. ENTZERSTORFF, the name of 4 towns in Auftria: 1. ten miles NW. of Bruck: 2. fix miles S. of Laab 3. in Langenthal, 2 miles SE. of Corn Newburg: and, 4. nine miles E. of Vienna, and 24 W. of Prefburg., This laft has a caftle, fortified with towers and ditches, and belongs to the bifhop of Freylingen.

*To ENUBILATE. v. a. [e and nubile, Lat.] To clear from clouds. Dict.

* To ENUCLEATE. v. a. [enucleo, Latin.] To folve; to clear; to disentangle. Dict.

* To ENVELOP. v. a. [enveloper, French.] . To inwarp; to cover; to inveft with fome integument 2. To cover; to hide; to furround. The beft and wholefom'ft fpirits of the night envelop you, good provost. Shakespeare.

A cloud of fmoke envelops either host, And all at once the combatants are loft. Dryd. It i but to approach nearer, and that mift that enveloped them will remove. Locke. 3. To line; to cover on the infide.

His iron coat, all overgrown with ruft,
Was underneath enveloped with gold,
Darkened with filthy duft.

Fairy Queen (1.) * ENVELOPE. n. f. [French.] A wrap

per:

No letter with an envelope Could give him more delight,

Swift

(2.) ENVELOPE, in fortuication, a work of earth, fometimes in form of a fimple parapet, and at others like a small rampart with a parapet: it is raised fometimes on the ditch, and fometimes beyond it.

To ENVENOM. v. a. [from venom.] 1. To tinge with poifon; to poifon; to impregnate with venom. It is never ufed of the perfon to whom poifon is given, but of the draught, meat, or intrument by which it is conveyed

The treacherous inftrument is in thy hand, Unbated and envenom'd.

Shakespeares Nor with envenom'd tongue to blast the fame Of harmless men. Philips.

2. To make odious.

ENVIABLE. adj. [from envy.] Deferving envy; fuch as may excite envy. They, in an enviable mediocrity of fortune, do happily poflefs theinfelves. Carew's Survey of Cornwall.

ENVIER. n. ƒ. [from envy.] One that envies another; a maligner; one that defires the downfal of another.—Men had need beware how they be too perfect in compliments; for that enviers will give them that attribute, to the difadvantage of their virtues. Bacon.

* ENVIOUS. adj. [from envy.] 1. Infected with envy; pained by the excellence or happiness of another.-A man of the molt envious difpofition that ever infected the air with his breath, whofe eyes could not look right upon any happy man, nor ears bear the burden of any man's praife. Sidney.

Still in thy right hand carry gentle peace, To filence envious tongues. Shakef. Henry VIII. 2. Sometimes with against.-Be not thou envious against evil men. Prov. xxiv, 19. 3. Sometimes with at-Neither be thou envious at the wicked. Prov. xxiv. 19. 4. Commonly with of

Sure you mistake the precept, or the tree; Heav'n cannot envious of his bleflings be. Dryd. * ENVIOUSLY. adv. [from envious.] With envy; with malignity; with ill-will, excited by another's good.-Damned fpirits, being fallen from heaven, endeavour enviously to obftruct the ways that may lead us thither. Duppa.

*To ENVIRON. v. a. (environner, French.] 1. To furround; to encompaís; to encircle. I ftand as one upon a rock, Environ'd wirh a wilderness of lea. -God hath fcattered feveral degrees of pleafure VOL. IX. PART L

Shak.

Environ me with darknefs whilft I write. Donne. 3. To furround in a hoftile manner; to befiege; to hem in.

4.

Methought a legion of foul fiends Environed me, and howled in mine ears. Sakef I did but prompt the age to quit their clogs, By the known rules of ancient liberty, When ftreight a barbrous noife environs me. Milt To inclofe; to invest.-

The foldier, that man of iron,

Whom ribs of horror all environ. Cleaveland. ENVIRONNE, in heraldry, fignifies furrounded with other things: thus, they fay, a lion envi ronné with fo many bezants. See BEZANT, § 2. * ENVIRONS. n. f. environs, Fr.) The neighbourhood, or neighbouring places round about the country.

* To ENUMERATE. v. a. [enumero, Latin.] To reckon up fingly; to count over diftinctly; to number.-You must not only acknowledge to God that you were a finner, but muft particularly enumerate the kind of fin whereof you know yourfeit guilty. Wake. -Befides enumerating the grofs defect of duty to the queen, I thew how all things were managed wrong. Swift.

(1.)* ENUMERATION n. f. [enumeratio, Lat.] The act of numbering or counting over; number told out.-Whofoever reads St. Paul's enumeration of duties must conclude, that well nigh the bufinefs of Chriftianity is laid on charity. Spratt

(2) ENUMERATION, in rhetoric, a part of peroration; in which the orator, collecting the scatter ed heads of what had been delivered throughout the whole, makes a brief recapitulation thereof.

*To ENUNCIATE. v. a. lenuncio, Latin] To declare to proclaim; to relate; to exprefs.

* ENUNCIATION. n. f. [enunciatio, Latin] 1. Declaration; publick atteftation; open procla mation.-Preaching is to ftrangers and infants in Chrift, to produce faith; but this facramental enunciation is the declaration and confeffion of it by men in Chrift, declaring it to be done, and owned, and accepted, and prevailed. Taylor. 2. Intelligence; information. It remembers and retains fuch things as were never at all in the fenfe as the conceptions, enunciations, and actions of the intellect and will Hale. 3. Expremion.

* ENUNCIATIVE. adj. [from enunciate] Declarative; expreflive. This prefumption only proceeds in respect of the difpofitive words, and not in regard of the enunciative terms thereof. Ayliffe. * ENUNCIATIVELY. adv. [from enunciative.] Declaratively.

(1.) ENVOY. n. f. [envoye, Fr.] 1. A public minifter fent from one power to another.--Perfeus fent envoys to Carthage, to kindle their ha tred against the Romans. Arbuthnot on Coins. 2. A publick meffenger, in dignity below an am baffador. 3. A meffenger.

The watchful feminels at ev'ry gate,
At ev'ry paffage to the fenfes wait;
Still travel to and fro the nervous way

And

And their impreffions to the brain convey; Where their report the vital envoys make, And with new orders are commanded back.

Blackmore.

(2.) ENvors fent from the courts of Britain, France, Spain, &c. to any petty prince or state, fuch as the princes of Germany, the ci-devant republics of Venice, Genoa, &c. go in quality inferior to that of ambaffadors; and fuch a character only do thefe perfons bear, who go from any of the principal courts of Europe to another, when the affair they go upon is not very folemn or important. There are envoys ordinary and extraordinary, as well as ambaffadors; they are equally under the protection of the law of nations, and cojoy all the privileges of ambatiadors; only differing in this, that the fame ceremonies are not performed to them.

(1.) * ENVY. n. [from the verb ] 1. Pain felt and malignity conceived at the fight of excellence or happiness-Envy is a repining at the profperity or good of another which we want, or any advantage another hath above us. Ray on the Creat. Envy, to which th' ignoble mind's a slave, Is emulation in the learn'd or brave. 2. It is ufed fometimes with of —

Pope.

All the confpirators, fave only he, Did that they did in envy of great Cæfar. Shak. 3. Sometimes with to.Many fuffered death merely in envy to their virtuous and fuperior genius. Swift. 4. Rivalry; competition.-You may fee the parliament of women, the little envis of them to one another. Dryden. 5. Malice; malignity.

Madam, this is a meer distraction;

You turn the good we offer into envy. Shakef. 6. Publick odium; ill repute; invidioufnefs.-Ed ward Plantagenet fhould be fhowed unto the people; to difcharge the king of the envy of that opinion and bruit, how he had been put to death privily. Bacon.

2.

(2.) ENVY. See EMULATION, (1.) * To ENVY. v. a. Lenvier, Fr. envidere, Lat.] 1. To hate another for excellence, happinefs, or fuccefs.-Envy thou not the oppreflor, and chufe none of his ways. Prov. iii. 31.-A woinan does not envy a man for fighting courage, nor a man a woman for her beauty. Collier. 2. To grieve at any qualities of excellence in another.-I have seen the fight,

When I have envied thy behaviour. Shak fp. --You cannot envy your neighbour's wifdom, if he gives you good counfel; nor his riches, if he fupplies you in your wants; nor his greatnefs, if he employs it to your protection. Swift. 3. To grudge; to impart unwillingly; to withold maliciously.-Johnfon, who, by fudying Horace, had been acquainted with the rules, feemed to envy others that knowledge. Dryden.

*

(2.) To ENVY. v. n. To feel envy; to feel pain at the fight of excellence or felicity: with at. In feeking tales and ivormations Againt this man, whofe honefty the devil And his difciples only envy at.

Ye blew the fire that burns ye. Sh. Hen. VIII. He that loves God is not difpleafed at accidents which Go! chufes, nor envies at thofe gifts he be Rows. Taylor.

ENWORTH, a village in Gloucestershire. ENZ, a river of Germany, which rifes 10 miles W. of Altenstadt, in Suabia, paffes by Wildbad, Neuenburg, Pfortzheim, &c. and joins the Neckar, at Belligheim, in Wurtemberg.

ENZIG, a lake of Saxony, in Brandenburg, 12 miles WSW. Dramberg.

ENZOWAN, a town of Bohemia, in the circle of Leitmeritz, 4 miles E. of Leitmeritz. EO, or MIRANDA. See MIRANDA. EOCHOID, king of Scots. Sce ACHAIUS. EOLIAN LYRE. See ACOUSTICS, SECT. I. (1.) * EOLIPILE. n. s. (from Aolus and pila.] A hollow ball of metal with a long pipe; which ball filled with water, and expoied to the fire, fends out, as the water heats, at intervals, blafts of cold wind through the pipe.-Confidering the ftructure of that globe, the exterior cruft, and the waters lying round under it, both exposed to the fun, we may fitly compare it to an eolipile, or an hollow fphere with water in it, which the beat of the fire rarifies, and turns into vapours and wind. Burnet's Theory of the Earth.

(2.) EOLIPILE. See OLIPILA.

FONIANS, in church hiftory, the followers of Eon, a wild fanatic of the province of Bretagne, in the 12th century, whofe brain was difordered. He concluded from the refemblance between cum, in the form for exercifing malignant spirits, viz. Per eum, qui venturus eft judicare vivos & mortuos, and his own name Eon, that he was the fon of God, and ordained to judge the quick and the dead. He was folemnly condemned by the council at Rheims, in 1148, at which Pope Eugenius III. prefided, and ended his days in a miferable prifon. He left a number of followers, whom perfecution, fo weakly and cruelly employed, could not purfuade to abandon his caufe, or to renounce an abiurdity, which, fays Mcfheim, one would think could never have gained credit but in Bedlam.

EORAPIE POINT, the northern promontory of the island of Lewis, and fometimes called the Bull of Lewis, lies in Lon. 2° 54′ W. from Edinburgh; Lat. 8° 35′ 30′′ N.

EORIA, in mythology, a feaft celebrated by the Athenians in honour of Erigonus, who, by way of punishment, for their not avenging the death of his father Icarus, engaged the gods to inflict this curfe on their daughters, that they should love men who never returned their paflion.

EORSA, a fmall island of the Hebrides, lying be ween the iflands of Mull and Ico!mkill.

EOSTRE, in mythology, a goddess of the Saxons, to whom they facrificed in April, called the month of Eoftra; and thence the name of Eafter, which the Soxons retained after their converfion to Chritianity, applying into the festival celebra ted in commemoration of our Saviour's refurrection.

EOUSMIL,

EOUSMIL, an infulated rock, about half a mile in circuit, lying on the W. Side of North Uift. It is noted for its leat filling.

Eoy, a small island of the Hebrides, lying between Barry and fouth Uift.

EPACRIS, in botany: A genus of the monogynia order, belonging to the pentandria clafs of plants. The calyx is a five parted. perianthium; the corolla monopetalous and tubular; the ftami na five very fhort filaments; the pericarpium a roundith, deprefied, quinquelocuiar, quinqueval vular, gaping capfule; the feeds are numerous and very small.

(1.) * EPACT. n. f. [izanra] A number, whereby we note the excess of the common fotar year above the lunar, and thereby may find out the age of the moon every year. For the folar year confifting of 365 days, the lunar but of 354, the lunations every year get 11 days before the folar year; and thereby, in 19 years, the moon completes 20 times 12 lunations, or gets up one whole folar year; and having finithed that circuit, begins again with the fun, and fo from 19 to 19 years. For the first year afterwards the moon will go before the fun but 11 days; the fecond year 22 days; the third 33 days: but 30 being an entire lunation, raft that away, and the remainder 3 fhall be that year's cpac; and fo on, adding yearly 11 days. To find the epact, having the prime or golden number given, you have this rule: Divide by three; for each one left add ten; Thirty reject: the prime makes epact then. Harris. -As the cycle of the moon ferves to fhew the epas, and that of the fun the dominical letter, throughout all their variations; so this Dionyfian period ferves to fhow these two cycles both together, and how they proceed or vary all along, 'till at laft they accomplish their period, and both together take their beginning again, after every 532d year. Holder on Time.

(II.) EPACTS are either annual or menftrual.

1. EPACTS, ANNUAL, are the excefies of the folar year above the lunar. Hence, as the Julian folar year is 365 days 6h. and the Julian li nar year 354 days 8h. 48′ 38′′, the annual epact will be 10 days 21 h. 11' 22"; or nearly 11 days. Thus this epact of 4 years is 14 days, and fo of the rett; and thus, the cycle of epacts expires with the golden number, or lunar cycle of 19 years, and begins with the fame, as in the following table:

nar year, to make it equal to the folar year; herce the said differer ce reipectively belonging to each year of the moon's cycle is called the epact of that year; the word being formed trom the Greek say, to intercalate. Upon this mutual respect between the cycle of the moon and the cycle of the epacts, is founded this rule for finding the Julian pact, belonging to any year of the moon's cycle. Multiply the year given of the moon's cycle into 1; and if the product be less than go, it is the epact fought; and if the product be greater that go, divide it by 30, and the remainder of the dividend is the epact. The difference between Julian and Gregorian years being equal to the excefs of the foiar above the lunar year, or 11 days, the Gregorian epact for one year is the fame with the Julian epact for the preceding year.

2. EPACTS, MENSTRUAL, are the exceffes of the civil or kalendar month above the lunar month. Suppofe e. gr. it were new moon on the 1ft day of January; fince the lunar month is 29 days 12h. 44′ 3′′, and January contains 31 days, the men. ftrual epact is one day 11h. 15' 57".

EPAIGNE, a town of France, in the dept. of the Eure; miles S. of Pent. Audemer.

EPAMINONDAS, a celebrated Theban the fon of Polymnus, and one of the greateft heroes of antiquity. He ftudied philofophy under Lyfis, a Pythagorean philcfopher; was taght mufic by Diouyfius and Olympiodorus; and was from his infancy, inured to all the exercifes of body and mind. He was lean ed, generous, well killed in war, brave, modeft, and prudent; and had fuch a regard for truth, that he would not tell a falfehood even in jeft. He faved the life of Pelopidas, who received in battle 7 or 8 wounds; and contracted a strict friendship with that general which lafted till his death. At his perfuafion, Pelopidas delivered Thebes from the yoke of the Spartans, who had rendered themfelves mafters of Cadmea, which occasioned a bloody war between the two nations. Epaminondas being made general of the Thebans, gained the celebrated battle of Leuctra, in which Cleombrotus II. the valiant king of Sparta, was killed. He then ravaged the enemy's coun try, and caufed the city of Menina to be rebuilt and peopled. At length, the command of the army was given to another, becaufe Epaminondas had kept his troops in the field 4 months longer than he had been ordered by the people; but, inftead of retiring in difguft, he now ferved as a common foldier, and diftinguished himfeif by fo many brave actions, that the Thebans, afhained of having deprived him of the command, reftored him to his poft, in order to carry the war into Theffaly, where his arms were always victorious. A war breaking cut between the Elians and the inhabitants of Mantinea, the Thebans took the part of the former. Epaminondas then refolved to endeavour to surprise Sparta and Mantinca; but not fucceeding he gave the enemy battle, in which he received a mortal wound with a javelin, the bearded iron remaining in the wound. Knowing that it could not be drawn cut without occafioning immediate death, he would not fuffer it to be touched, but continued to give his orders; and on his being told that the enemy were entirely defeated, "I have lived long enough (he cried) fince C 2

I di