lage of Wessyngton, in Durham County, and who, according to the custom of the period, took the name of his estate. Wessyngton in time became Weshington, Wassington, and finally Washington.* The Washingtons adhered to the fort

The pedigree of the branch of the Washington family in Virginia down to Augustine, the father of the general, is as follows: WILLIAM de Hertburn, Lord of the manor of Washington, from whom descended JOHN Washington of Whitefield, of the time of Richard III.; ROBERT of Wharton (second son) married daughter of Robert Kilson, Esq., time of Henry VII.; LAWRENCE of Northampton and Gray's Inn, had grants of lands of Sulgrave, 30th Henry VIII., married Anna, daughter of Sir Richard Stanley, knight; JOHN of Sulgrave died 3d of Edward VI.; GEORGE of Sulgrave married Eleanor, daughter and heir of John Hastings, grandson of the 2d Earl of Huntingdon; JOHN emigrated to America in 1657, married, in 1654, Jane, daughter of Sir Hugh Wallace, of Bucks-Anne Pope, of Westmoreland Co., Va.; LAWRENCE, of Bridge's Creek, married Mildred Warner, daughter of Col. Augustine Warner, of Gloucester Co.

nobilitas

FAMILY.

The Washington coat-of-arms in full consists of eleven quar

terings, as seen in the above engraving. It is composed of arms of families included in the pedigree of General Washington back to

THE WASHINGTON GENEALOGY.

19

unes of the Stuart dynasty during the Civil War. Sir William Washington, of Kent, married the half-sister of the Duke of Buckingham, the favorite of Charles I. Sir Henry Washington was a young and brave military leader during the war, serving under Prince Rupert (nephew of Charles), and commanding at the siege of Worcester. After the death of Charles many of the loyalists, dissatisfied with the rule of Cromwell, emigrated to Virginia, which had remained loyal to the Stuarts, where they might live free from molestation. Among these emigrants were John and Lawrence Washington, younger brothers of Sir William Washington, who reached Virginia about the year 1657, and settled at Bridge's Creek, on the Potomac River, in Westmoreland County, where they bought lands and became successful planters. John had resided on an estate in South Cave, in Yorkshire,

the century immediately succeeding the conquest of England by the Normans. The family in Virginia chose for its arms the quartering seen in the upper lefthand corner of the escutcheon, supposed to be the original arms of the family, which consists of a white ground, three red mullets or spurrowels (indicating the filial distinction of the third son), and two red horizontal bars. The crest is composed of a helmet surmounted by a ducal coronet, out of which proceeds a soaring raven. Washington had his arms so painted on his English coach, a copy of which is here given. The legend EXCITUS ACTA PROBAT: "Actions are tested by their results" -is most appropriate for the arms of Washington. The words are from Ovid—a part of

WASHINGTON'S ARMS.

a love-letter from a young princess of Thrace to her negligent lover, a prince of Athens.

an ancient seat of the Washingtons.*

Lawrence had been

a student at Oxford, and in 1654 had married Jane, daughter of Sir Hugh Wallace.

John Washington was an energetic man, possessed of military genius and taste. Eighteen years after his arrival

in the colony a serious incursion of the fierce Seneca Indians from the upper waters of the Susquehannah River

* Cave Castle, the residence of the Washingtons, is north of the Humber, and is said to be well preserved. It is a massive, square structure of stone, in the mural style, with a battlemented tower at each corner, and three stories in height. Its timber is chiefly of oak, and in several of the rooms, particularly in the large hall or banqueting room, are remains of rich carvings and gilding in the cornices and wainscoting. Over the mantle-pieces, elaborately carved, are the family arms, richly emblazoned upon escutcheons. The walls of the house are five feet thick. It stands on an eminence, commanding an extensive view of the picturesque country around it. The castle is surrounded by beautiful gardens and orchards.

threatened the colonies of Maryland and Virginia with desolation, if not destruction. John Washington commanded a Virginia force to repel the invaders, and was successful. As a reward for his services he was commissioned colonel, and in his honor the parish in which he resided was named Washington. He married Miss Anne Pope, of Westmoreland, by whom he had two sons, Lawrence and John, and one daughter. The elder son, Lawrence, married Mildred, daughter of Colonel Augustine Warner, of Gloucester County, and had three children, John, Augustine, and Mildred.

Augustine Washington was born in 1694, and at the age of twenty-one years married Jane, daughter of Caleb Butler, of Westmoreland County. They had four children—three sons and one daughter: Butler, who died in infancy, Lawrence, Augustine, and Jane, the latter dying in early childhood. Their mother died in November, 1728, when her husband was about thirty-four years of age.

In 1792, President Washington, by request, sent to Sir Isaac Heard, Garter King of Arms, in London, a genealogical table of the Washington family in Virginia. In it occur these words:

Jane, wife of Augustine [Washington], died November 24, 1728, and was buried in the family vault at Bridge's Creek. Augustine then married Mary Ball, March 6, 1730."

No hint is given as to where this marriage took place, nor is there any known record extant that can answer the question, Where were Augustine Washington and Mary Ball wedded? There is no tradition that can answer, excepting that given by Mr. Harvey that they were married in England.

FAC-SIMILE OF THE ENTRY OF THE BIRTH OF WASHINGTON IN THE BIBLE OF HIS MOTHER.

SLIGHTLY REDUCED.