no other effects than to frustrate an enterprise already far advanced; to expose the safety of many patriots to the vengeance of Elio; to excite an universal convulsion among the provinces, and the abandonment of our expectation to fluctuating opinion. This would surely be to act against the principles of our institution, and to raise again the colonial system which our hands destroyed. This junta entertain too high an idea of the penetration of your excellency, to attribute your proposal to any other motive than an unacquaintance with occurrences which are obscured by distance.

In respect to the mediation which your excellency has proposed to remove the differences which subsist between these states and the peninsula, nothing could be more satisfactory to this junta than to place their cause in hands so faithful and generous as those of the British cabinet. The good faith which characterizes it, and the identity of its interests with ours, are circumstances which assure us of its fidelity. But the junta cannot discover reasons to authorize them at present to avail themselves of such mediation.

The peninsula is no more than a part of the Spanish monarchy, and that so maimed, that it would be no small concession to put it upon an equality with America. It, therefore, follows, from this principle, that the peninsula cannot hold any authority over America, nor this over that. Were the English cabinet to act the part of an impartial mediator, it would be a precise acknowledgment of the independence of the two states. On the other hand, were the British cabinet possessed of an idea of our inferiority, it would not be surprising that the result of a negotiation would be to grant us much less by way of favour than we deserve in justice. Therefore, until we can know the opinion of the

British nation, all ulterior proceedings should be suspended.

In addition, your excellency combines your mediation with the armistice; and, should a negotiation take place, General Elio would continue to hold all the authority of viceroy, wherewith he is invested by the junta of Cadiz, at least in that place which he now occupies; but this would involve a contradiction in principles: Elio, and the illegitimate power from which he derives his authority, would remain triumphant over our rights be fore the termination of the dispute.

The unlimited confidence which this junta has in the pure intentions of your excellency, convinces us that you have no other object in view than to unite the political ties which subsist in common betwixt both nations; but your excellency may rest assured, that if the state of our negotiations do not permit us to adhere to them, our friendship towards Great Britain shall not be less firm, nor our consideration of your excellency less high.

God preserve your excellency many years.

THE MEMBERS OF THE JUNTA. Buenos Ayres, May 18th, 1811. To his Excellency Lord Strangford, &c.

Paris, June 16th.--Speech of the French Emperor to the Legislative Body.

Gentlemen Deputies of Departments

to the Legislative Body, The peace concluded with the Emperor of Austria has been since cemented by the happy alliance I have contracted: the birth of the King of Rome has fulfilled my wishes, and satisfies my people with respect to the future.

The affairs of religion have been too often mixed with and sacrificed to

the interests of a state of the third order. If half Europe has separated from the church of Rome, we may attribute it specially to the contradiction which has never ceased to exist between the truths and the principles of religion which belong to the whole universe, and the pretensions and interests which regarded only a very small corner of Italy. I have put an end to this scandal for ever. I have united Rome to the empire. I have given palaces to the popes at Rome and at Paris; if they have at heart the interests of religion, they will often sojourn in the centre of the affairs of Christianity. It was thus that St Peter preferred Rome to an abode even in the Holy Land.

Holland has been united to the empire; she is but an emanation of it; without her the empire would not be complete.

The principles adopted by the English government not to recognize the neutrality of any flag, have obliged me to possess myself of the mouths of the Ems, the Weser, and the Elbe, and have rendered an interior communication with the Baltic indispensable to me. It is not my territory that I wished to increase, but my maritime

At another time they make an appeal to the pride of nations in order to excite their jealousy. They lay hold of all circumstances which arise out of the unexpected events of the times in which we live. It is war over every part of the continent that can alone ensure their prosperity. I wish for nothing that is not in the treaties I have concluded. I will never sacrifice the blood of my people to interests that are not immediately the interests of my empire. I flatter myself that the peace of the continent will not be disturbed.

The King of Spain is come to assist at this last solemnity. I have given him all that was necessary and proper to unite the interests and hearts of the different people of his provinces. Since 1809, the greater part of the strong places in Spain have been taken after memorable sieges. The insurgents have been beat in a great number of pitched battles. England has felt that this war was approaching its termination, and that intrigues and gold were no longer sufficient to nourish it. She found herself, therefore, obliged to change the nature of it, and from an auxiliary she is become a principal. All she has of troops of the line have been sent into the peninsula. England, Scotland, and Ireland are drained, English blood has at length flowed in torrents, in several actions glorious to the French arms. ***** This conflict against Carthage, which seemed as if it would be decided in fields of battle, on the ocean, or beyond the seas, will henceforth be decided in the plains of Spain! When England shall be exhausted when she shall at last have felt the evils which for twenty years she has with so much cruelty poured upon the continent-when half her fa milies shall be in mourning-then shalla peal of thunder put an end to the af fairs of the peninsula, the destinies of her armies, and avenge Europe and

Asia by finishing this second Punic

war.

Gentlemen Deputies of Departments to the Legislative Body,

I have ordered my minister to lay before you the accounts of 1809 and 1810. It is the object for which I have called you together. You will see in them the prosperous state of my finances. Though I have placed with. in three months 100 millions extraordinary at the disposal of my ministers of war, to defray the expences of new armaments which then appeared necessary, I find myself in the fortunate situation of not having any new taxes to impose upon my people. I shall not increase any tax: I have no want of any augmentation in the imposts.

TWO DECREES OF BUONAPARTE.

By two decrees, dated the 27th of July, the Emperor of France, wishing to make several dispositions useful to his good city of Rome, as he affectedly calls it, has decreed as follows:

The imperial court of justice shall be established at the chancery; the academy of the university in the good city of Rome shall be established at the college della Sapienza. Two lyceums shall be established at Rome, one at the Roman college, and the other at that of the Jesuits. The magazines of corn and oil at the baths of Dioclesian and Coneto, and Civita Vecchia, are ceded to the city of Rome. Every year there shall be provided an extraordinary fund of one million, under the title of The special Fund for the Embellishments of Rome. This fund shall be raised partly on the city and partly on the revenues of the extraordinary. It shall be applied to the excavations for the discovery of antiquities; to the perfectioning of the navigation of the Tiber; to the construction of a new bridge on the

site of that of Horatius Cocles; to the finishing of the bridge of Sixtus; to the aggrandisement and embellishment of the squares of Trajan and the Pantheon; to the construction of a market and two slaughtering-places; to the opening of a promenade on the side of the gate of the people, and another on the site of the Forum, of the Coliseum, and of the Mount Palatine; to the establishment of a botanic garden, &c.

The fund of one million shall be employed in 1811 in the following manner:-100,000 livres for the wood to complete the navigation of the Ti ber, especially in that part of the ri ver which flows through the city of Rome; 50,000 to begin the new bridge of Horatius Cocles; 50,000 for the bridge of Sixtus; 50,000 for the enlargement and embellishments of the squares of Trajan and the Pantheon; 150,000 for the promenade at the Gate of the People; 100,000 for the pro menade at the Capitol, 50,000 for the market; 100,000 for the slaughter. ing-places; 50,000 for the botanic garden; 300,000 livres for a fund to furnish supplementary aid, according to the statements made of the progress of the works, and to commence new ones, according to the proposals which shall be made by the committee.

The plans for the perfectioning of the navigation of the Tiber, from Pe rugia to the sea, and especially of that part of the river which flows through the city of Rome, the new bridge of Horatius Cocles, and the bridge of Sixtus, shall be commenced without delay, and shall be submitted to his majesty in the sittings of bridges and causeways which shall be held in December.

Also shall be commenced, with as little delay as possible, the plans for the enlargement and embellishment of the squares of Trajan and the Pantheon, and for the market and slaughter

ing-places. In the mean time, till the plans for the square of Trajan shall have received his majesty's approbation, the convents of the Holy Ghost and St Euphemia shall be pulled down. The plans which have been submitted to his majesty for the promenade on the side of the Gate of the People are approved; and to carry them into effect the Convent del Populo, and its dependencies, shall be pulled down. This promenade shall be called the

Garden of the Great Cæsar.

The promenade projected on the site of the Capitol and the Coliseum shall be called the Garden of the Capitol. The plans of them shall be presented without delay, as well as those of the botanic garden.

The houses, palaces and dependencies, situated on the sites destined for the embellishments of Rome, and which appertain to his majesty, or which appertain to the court of Naples, shall be pulled down.

the interior, our council of state agreeing, we have decreed and do decree as follows:

Art. 1. Editions printed anterior to the 1st January, 1811, in the departments of the 228, 29th, and 30th military divisions, of works printed in France ultérior to the same epoch, and constituting a part of private literary property, shall not be considered as counterfeit, provided they are stamped before the 1st of January next.

2. Consequently editors, printers, and all booksellers or others in any way trading in books in the above-designated departments, who may be proprietors or in possession of any of them, are bound to declare to the prefect of their department the number of copies they possess of the said editions. The prefects will transmit a copy of these declarations to our director-gegeral for bookselling.

3. These copies must be presented in each department, and by each printer or bookseller, prior to the 1st of October, to the commissioner delega ted for the purpose, and the first page in each of them carefully stamped; after which they may be freely sold throughout the empire.

4. The booksellers shall be bound to pay the authors or proprietors the twelfth part of the whole of the copies declared by them to be in their ware houses, or at their disposal, and that too every six months, in proportion to the sales they make, which shall be determined by the number of copies that remain of those they produce.

5. On the 1st of October, the stamps shall be sent back to our director-general for bookselling; after which time all copies of the above-mentioned editions that shall be found without a stamp shall be considered spurious, and those upon whom they are found, subject to the punishments settled by the laws and our regulations.

6. Our grand judge, minister of

justice, and our minister for the interior, are charged, each in as much as concerns him, with the execution of the present decree, which shall be inserted in our bulletin of laws.

(Signed) NAPOLEON.

Milan, August 25th.

To-day being the nativity of her majesty the empress and queen, there was a court and spectacle at the palace.

The royal institute, in the sitting of the 6th of May last, voted an address to his majesty the emperor of France, containing sentiments of regard for his royal person.

His majesty the emperor and king was most graciously pleased to receive it, and remitted the following letter to the Italian institute :

Count Parades, president of the institute, after having recalled Italy to the glory of arms, my care has been to recall it to the ancient honour of the sciences and arts.

For this end I have given my kingdom of Italy that form which to me appeared most conducible to the progress of Italian literature. The sentiments which the Italian institute have expressed for me are guarantees of its zeal to second my intentions.

The present having no other end, I pray, M. President, God may have you in his holy keeping.

NEW SPANISH CONSTITUTION.

The cortes having appointed a committee of their body to form the plan of a constitution, the following are said to be the preliminary and fundamental principles of the plan which the committee have proposed. The two sections, consisting of 242 articles, were read in the public sitting of the 19th August.

Preliminary and fundamental Principles.

Spain belongs to the Spanish peo. ple, and is not the patrimony of any family. The nation only can make fundamental laws. The Roman ca. tholic and apostolic religion, unmixed with any other, is the only religion which the nation professes or will profess. The government of Spain is an hereditary monarchy. The cortes shall make the laws and the king shall execute them.

Spanish Citizens.-The children of Spaniards, and of foreigners married to Spanish women, or who bring a capital in order to naturalize themselves to the soil, or establish themselves in trade, or who teach any useful art, are citizens 'of Spain. None but citizens can fill municipal offices.-The rights of citizenship may be lost by long absence from the country, or by condemnation to corporeal or infamous punishments.

The King. The person of the king is inviolable and sacred. He shall sanction the laws enacted by the cor tes. He may declare war and make peace. He shall appoint to civil and military employments on the proposal of the council of state. He shall direct all diplomatic negotiations. He shall superintend the application of the public revenue, &c.

Restrictions on the kingly Authority. -The king shall not obstruct the meeting of the cortes in the cases and at the periods pointed out by the constitution, nor embarrass or suspend the sittings, &c. All who may advise him to any such proceedings shall be holden and dealt with as traitors. He must not travel, marry, alienate any thing, abdicate the crown, raise taxes, nor exchange any town, city, &c. without having first obtained permis