the simultaneous rotation of the brush-roller e, conducts the seeds from the compartment b, and hence they both fall down the spout together. This rotation of the cupwheel, and brush-roller, is effected by any ordinary coupling gear, connected to their axles; and the quantity of each kind of seed discharged may be determined by means of adjustable sliding shutters, represented in the box, at fig. 13.

The mode of guiding the coulters and spouts, for the purpose of enabling them to deposit the seeds accurately upon the middles of irregularly ploughed ridges, from a two-row drill, is shewn at fig. 9; it consists in attaching the coulters, and spouts y, to horizontal rods ≈. These rods are made to swing upon vibrating levers w, which are worked by a crank-rod u, and handles v, under the command of the conductor. This mode is new in its adaptation to a one or two-row drill, as each works independently of the other. The concave rollers, shewn in figs. 9, and 11, at s, s, are mounted, and slide loosely upon a horizontal shaft, acting as a fore-carriage, and supporting part of the weight of the drill. These rollers are for forming and equalizing the shape and height of the ridges, and by freely sliding in lateral directions, accommodate themselves to any irregularity in the parallelism of the furrows.-[Inrolled in the Petty Bag Office, December, 1842.]

Specification drawn by Messrs. Newton and Son.

TO WILLIAM BROOK ADDISON, of Bradford, in the county of York, manufacturer, for certain improvements in machinery for spinning worsted and woollen yarn.—[Sealed 10th February, 1842.]

THIS invention relates to the production of cops of worsted or woollen yarn, (spun on throstles, or machines acting similarly to throstles,) to be used as weft for weaving. It consists in constructing the cop by the working of the throstle, or other machine, as the yarn is produced; thus dispensing with the machine usually employed for unwinding the yarn from the bobbins, and forming it into cops.

To render the throstle suitable for effecting the above operation, the ordinary uniform copping movement is removed, and the improved movement, represented in Plate XIX., at fig. 1, is substituted. a, is the copping or traverse-rail, connected with and supported by the lever b, which moves on the shaft c, as a fulcrum, and has a constant tendency to elevate the rail a, by reason of the counterpoise-weight d; but the position of the lever is determined by the cord c, which is connected to the pulley f, and passes from thence over the carrier-pulley g, and the vibrating-pulley h, to the lever b. The pulley h, is carried by a spring i, to which a vibrating motion is imparted by a heart-shaped piece j, on the shaft k, (driven by gearing from the main shaft,) acting on a projection 7, on the upper surface of the spring; and thus a uniform alternating movement is communicated to the pulley h. The shaft k, carries a worm m, by which a slow motion is given to the worm-wheel n, on the shaft of the pulley f; this motion causes the chain e, to be gradually taken up by the pulley f, and the copping-rail, through the agency of the lever b, is slowly depressed. By this means, and by the slight rising and falling movement which the vibrating pulley h, communicates to the copping-rail, the yarn is wound on the bobbin in the manner represented in the section, fig. 2, aud the cop, thus produced, is ready to be employed as weft in weaving cloth.

When the bobbin is filled, a small lever o, on the shaft c, comes in contact with the spring-catch p, and forcing it out of the notch in the guide q, permits it to throw off the driving-strap in the ordinary manner. At the same time the pulley f, is disconnected from its shaft, by another lever r, on the shaft c, and giving off the chain e, allows the weight d, to descend, and the copping-rail a, to rise; the various parts, with the exception of the spring-catch p, are then in the positions shewn in the drawing, ready to re-commence spinning.

Fig. 2, shews the mode by which the pulley f, is disconnected from and connected with its shaft. The pulley is held in a proper position for spinning by a spiral spring s,

in the box t, and is connected to its shaft by a pin u, projecting from the disc v, on the shaft, and taking into one of a series of holes in the side of the pulley. The dotted lines indicate the position of the pulley when it has been moved a short distance along its shaft by the bent end of the lever r, and thus disconnected from the disc, and pin u. The bobbins used in this improvement have no flange at their upper ends, in order that the yarn may come off freely in the process of weaving.

The patentee claims the mode of producing cops of worsted or woollen yarn, suitable for the shuttle, by causing the cops to be built up progressively, as herein described, as the yarn is spun in a throstle, or in any other spinning machine, acting similarly to a throstle.-[Inrolled in the Inrolment Office, August, 1842.]

To JOHN OSBALDESTON, of Blackburn, in the county of Lancaster, metal heald maker, for improvements in looms for weaving.-[Sealed 15th February, 1842.]

THE first part of these improvements consists in a mode of applying springs to the back of the slay, in order to allow a little play when the slay is beating up the cloth. The springs are affixed to the slay-swords, their upper ends resting against the back of the slay; and as the slay moves freely at the upper part of the swords, in a direction from the front of the loom to the back, the strength of the beating-up will depend upon, and be governed by the springs.

The second improvement relates to another mode of applying springs to act on the slay; in which mode, instead of the springs being carried by the slay-swords, they are applied to the rods that connect the crank-shaft with the slay. The connecting-rod is formed of two pieces, one sliding a short distance into the other, so as to admit of the rod becoming shorter when the beating-up takes place, and between the ends of the two pieces a spring is applied; this spring resists the shortening of the rod, and thus gives the desired elasticity to the beating-up of the slay.

The third improvement relates to a mode of stopping the beat-up of the loom, when the shuttle is not thrown into the shuttle-box; it consists in applying two horizontal levers, working upon vertical axes, under the shuttle-box.

a, a, fig. 1, Plate XIX., are the two levers, turning on the axes b, b, and connected, in their movements, by the rod c, which extends across the width of the loom. When the shuttle enters the box, it strikes against a "bulge" in the side of the box, from which a finger projects downwards, and causes that finger to press against one of the inclined planes d, d, at the hind ends of the levers a, a, and force those ends outwards, thereby moving the front ends of those levers inwards. But when the shuttle fails to enter the box, the levers remain in the position shewn in the drawing, and their front ends coming in contact with the front framing of the loom, prevent the beating-up from taking place.

The fourth improvement consists in a mode of stopping the loom, when the weft is not properly supplied. The stoppage is caused by the slay, when unresisted by the weft, (on account of its absence,) striking against a projection on a spring, attached to the guide or fork that throws the strap off the driving-pulley; thereby releasing that spring from the notch in which it was held, and stopping the loom.

The fifth improvement relates to a mode of winding-up the cloth as it is produced. It consists in fixing on the axis of the cloth-beam a wheel, on the periphery of which are two rows of broad teeth, the teeth in one row being opposite the spaces between the other row of teeth; to this wheel motion is communicated by two levers, with wedgeshaped ends, which alternately enter the spaces, and move the wheel round. The levers are worked by means of crankpins, fixed round a wheel which receives motion from the crank-shaft.

The sixth improvement consists in a mode of giving off the warp from the warp-beam with a uniform degree of tension. This is effected by means of an endless chain of teeth, which passes round two small rollers, one above and

the other below the warp-beam, and takes into a cog-wheel on the end of that beam; the upper roller works in a spring-bearing, and the lower one rests on the bottom of the endless chain, having a weight attached to it; by this means the requisite resistance to the delivery of the warp is obtained.

The seventh improvement relates to another mode of regulating the giving off of the warp from the warp-beam. Upon the axis of the warp-beam is fixed a wheel, similar to that described in the fifth improvement; between the teeth of which the wedge-shaped ends of two elbow-levers alternately enter, and, by their resistance, prevent the warp from unwinding too fast.

The eighth improvement consists in facilitating the delivery of the warp from the warp-beam, by the employment of two fluted rollers, between which the warp is pressed and held, and by their revolution is drawn off the beam.

The ninth improvement relates to the driving parts of the loom, and consists in applying a wheel between the two end framings, (fixing it upon the crank-axis that gives motion to the slay,) in place of at one end, as heretofore, and giving motion to the treadles by means of pins, projecting from the side of the wheel.

The tenth improvement relates to a mode of constructing and working temples. Fig. 2, is a plan of one of the improved temples, and fig. 3, is a longitudinal section, taken on the line A, B, of fig. 2. e, e, are the jaws which hold the cloth firmly, and keep it extended; the upper jaws are mounted on the axes f,f, and have, at all times, a tendency to open, by reason of the weights g, g, being attached to them. h, is a crank-axis, which receives motion by means of a ratchet-wheel i, mounted thereon; this ratchet-wheel is driven by a catch, attached to one of the slay-swords. The axis h, is formed with two excentric portions j, and k, and is connected to the lower jaws by the links l, l; the excentric portions j, and k, close the jaws of the temples, by acting under the hind ends of the upper jaws; and by the links, 7, the temples, when closed, and holding the cloth, are moved sideways and endways. The excentric portions