the longitudinal and oblique ridges formed within it, and with which its whole interior surface is indented; and fig. 3, is a representation, in perspective, of the interior or revolving cylinder. In each of these figures, where the same parts are represented, they are designated by the same letters of reference.

The machine is proposed to be generally made of castiron; but the wings and beaters are sometimes of wrought or plate-iron, and attached to the periphery of the cylinder. The general arrangement of the parts of the machine is best shewn in the vertical section, fig. 1. In this, and in the other figures, A, A, is the outer cylinder, which may be thirty-four inches in length, and sixteen inches in its diameter. The lower part of the cylinder is contracted, as shewn at a1, a', and assumes a funnel form, for a depth of about three inches, terminating at a2, in an open bottom of about ten inches in diameter, through which the cleaned grain falls to the floor, and the current of wind passes up into the machine; the current being rendered much more effective by this contraction at bottom. An inverted bridge a, a, sustains the step of the shaft of the inner cylinder, and the legs b, b, b, that support the machine, are made fast to the flanch B, B, which may extend out four inches from the body of the cylinder. A similar flanch c, c, extends also from the upper end of this cylinder, between which and the cap-plate D, D, the smut, chaff, and other light substances, are blown out; the flanch and cap-plate being connected together by legs or bars c, c, c, which are secured by nuts, and keep the flanch and plate parallel to each other, at a distance of about two inches and a half apart. F, F, is the inner cylinder, which is made to revolve on the shaft E, E. This cylinder is sometimes formed of wood, and covered with sheet-iron; but it is preferred to be made of cast-iron, having the wings and beaters cast with the pieces of which its periphery is composed. These pieces may be made in stave-like strips, of the length of the cylinder, and may be put together by screwing them on to discs of wood G, G; the shaft E, E, being square where it passes through these discs of wood, and being firmly keyed, or otherwise

affixed thereto. The inner cylinder is about thirty-one inches in length, and thirteen inches in diameter, and it rises about two inches and a half above the top of the outer cylinder. Sixteen, or any other number of beaters d, d, d, extend out radially from this cylinder, passing along it from its lower nearly to its upper end, where they are expanded into vanes or wings, which occupy and revolve within the space between the flanch c, and the cap-plate D. These beaters consist of thin plates, which may be an inch and a quarter in width; and when the cylinder F, is inserted within the cylinder A, the edges of the beaters should stand at the distance of about half an inch from the internal surface of the cylinder. They extend more than halfway up the cylinder, in a vertical direction, and then turn off obliquely; the oblique portions, which are marked d1, d', may be about eight inches in length, and form, at their terminations, angles of from 12° to 20o, with a vertical line. It has been found advantageous to let these oblique portions of the beaters gradually increase in breadth, from their junctions with the vertical parts; so that, at their upper ends, they shall nearly touch the interior of the cylinder A. The wings or vanes e, e, e, consist of elongations of the beaters, projecting out from them, so as nearly to fill the space between the flanch c, and the cap-plate D, as shewn in fig. 1. By the rapid revolution of the cylinder F, to which the beaters are attached, these wings expel the air from the upper part of the machine, and, consequently, by producing a partial vacuum within the cylinder A, create a strong draught upwards through it, so as to effect the object of discharging the smut, chaff, and other light substances, as above stated. Under the lower end of the revolving cylinder, there are usually placed four vanes f, f, which aid in producing the upward draught; the machine will, however, act well without this addition.

The interior of the cylinder A, is cut into ridges, as shewn in the section fig. 2; these ridges ascend, in a vertical line, from the lower end of the cylinder to within eight or ten inches of its upper end, where they take an oblique direction, forming an angle of about 12o, with a vertical line.

A section, across these ridges, would present a form something like that of the teeth of a saw, as they rise at unequal angles from their base; and it has been found to produce the best effect when the grain is made to strike against those sides of the ridges which are most acute. The obliquity of these ridges, and also of the beaters towards the upper end of the machine, is essential to its proper action, as the grain is thereby beaten downwards, whilst a large portion of it would otherwise be blown out with the smut, &c.

The grain to be cleaned is fed from a hopper, through the tube H, which conducts it into the space between the two cylinders, at the distance of about seven or eight inches from the upper end of the outer cylinder. The inner cylinder makes six hundred revolutions or more in a minute.

The lower end, or gudgeon, of the shaft E, E, has its step in the enlargement 1, of the inverted arch or bridge a, a, its lower end bearing upon a steel screw h, by means of which the height of the cylinder may be accurately adjusted. The part i, of the step 1, constitutes an oil-cup, and is furnished with a cover j, over which a leather collar k, is placed. By means of this arrangement, the gudgeon is kept constantly oiled, and the entrance of dust is effectually prevented.

The upper end of the revolving cylinder is supported by and turns upon a hollow cylindrical steel bolt l, the upper end of which is held firmly in the bridge-piece J, J; the opening (in which it is confined) in the bridge, having been bored out, so as to coincide exactly with the axis of the shaft E, E. The gudgeon or bolt 1, 1, is surrounded with a leather collar, immediately below the bridge J, J, and being hollow, oil is poured through it into the space or receptacle n, in the upper part of the shaft E.-K, is a pulley or rigger, affixed to the head of the revolving cylinder, for the purpose of driving it by a strap.

The particular features of novelty, which the patentee claims, are, Firstly, the manner of producing a strong upward current of air, by the contraction at the lower end of the outer or fixed cylinder, and the wings or vanes at the upper end of the revolving cylinder. Secondly,-in

combination with the foregoing, the peculiar form and direction of the ridges made within the outer cylinder, and surrounding the inner cylinder with peculiar beaters, capable of throwing the grain against the said ridges; such beaters consisting of flat radial strips of metal, which extend vertically along the lower portion of the cylinder, but are inclined towards their upper ends; and Thirdly,—the adaptation of the stationary bolt or hollow gudgeon 1, 1, as connected with the receptacle for containing oil, in the manner arranged and connected with the machine.— [Inrolled in the Petty Bag Office, July, 1841.]

Specification drawn by Messrs. Newton and Son.

To JOSEPH HALL, of Cambridge, grocer and draper, for a seed and dust disperser, which is particularly applicable to the freeing of corn and other plants from insects.— [Sealed 14th January, 1841.]

THIS machine may either be employed for the removal of insects from the leaves of plants, or, by making certain alterations in it, as exhibited in Plate XVIII., it can be transformed into a drill, and used for depositing seed and

manure.

Fig. 1, is a side view of the machine, suitably arranged for removing insects. It consists of a frame or body a, carried by two wheels b, and containing a large bellows, with its case; the lever of the bellows being worked by a rod c, connected by a link d, with the pinion e, which receives motion from the axle f, through the wheels g, and h. Behind the bellows-case is a box, for holding powdered lime, or other suitable dust, and from it a number of tubes i, descend; the lower ends of which are furnished with nozzles or dispersers j, and are connected with pipes k, which descend from the wind-chest of the bellows. Within each of the tubes i, a rod or wire, attached to a crank-shaft 7, is suspended, and into these rods a number of short pieces of wire (bent into the shape of the figure 8,) are in

serted. m, is a screw, which works through a nut-plate n, and is used for supporting the gudgeons of the seed and dust-box, when the machine is used as a seed and dust disperser.

The action of the various parts is as follows:-As the machine is drawn forwards, the wheels g, h, and pinion e, revolve, and set the bellows in motion; and at the same time rotary motion is communicated to the crank-shaft l, by the wheel g, and pinion o. By the rotation of the shaft 7, the rods or wires are moved up and down in the tubes i, and the dust, being thus agitated, is caused to descend to the lower parts of the tubes; it is there acted on by the wind from the bellows, and impelled through the nozzles, in an upward direction, against the under surfaces of the leaves of the plants, with sufficient force to remove or destroy any insects that may be upon them.

When the machine is to be used as a seed and dust disperser or drill, various alterations are made in it, as represented at fig. 2. The bellows-case and dust-box, with their appendages, are removed, and, instead of them, a box, for containing seed and dust or manure, is placed in the hind part of the body a. A transverse section of the seed and dust-box is shewn at fig. 3; it is divided, longitudinally, by a partition p, and in each compartment is a shaft q, carrying a suitable number of scoop or cup-wheels r; the wheels revolve in separate cells, and above them, at each side of the box, a slanting partition s, is fixed, forming receptacles for the seed and dust. The seed is placed at one side of the box, and the dust or manure at the other, and they descend through openings in the partitions s, into the cells; which openings are increased or diminished in size, by means of the slides t, when required. The seed and dust are raised from the cells by the rotation of the cup-wheels, and delivered through the funnels u, into a series of hanging funnels v, beneath each pair of cells, and thence, through a large funnel w, (inserted into each of the coulters x, as represented in fig. 4, which is a detached sectional view of one of them,) into the furrows formed by the coulters; the earth is then raked into the furrows by