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the carriage, drawn to the heads of the needles, whilst the work, previously laid on, hangs behind the beards.

It is now again necessary to remark, that the presser-bar is stationary, in order to shew that it is made to close the beards into the eyes of the needles by the carriage E, at the moment required; passing over a small elevation 3, on the bed-plate b, by which means, the heads of the needles are raised up against the under edge of the presser-bar, as represented at fig. 7.

When the operation of making the work has advanced thus far, it is necessary that the jacks should be raised, which is done by the following means:-Attached to the upper ends of each of the levers s, there is a small frictionroller 4, which, as the levers s, rise, come in contact with the inclined planes T, affixed to arms u, u, hanging upon the fulcrum pin of the jacks, at the ends of the machine. By these means, the arms U, U, are raised, and with them a longitudinal bar v, which, coming into contact with the under parts of the jacks, lift them up, until they are severally caught hold of by the bent springs p, p, as seen in fig. 8; a bar z, z, pendant from the back of the rail K, having spring bearings, depresses the jacks to a proper elevation. The needle-carriage still continuing to recede, the needles a, a, a, as they pass between the dividers i, i, draw the loops of thread under the curved edges of the dividers, as shewn in figs. 8, and 9; by which means, the loops are all equalized and divided, allowing a similar portion of thread to every needle. In this receding movement of the needles, whilst their beards were held down by the presser-bar F, the stitches of the previously made work are slidden over the depressed beards, and by the time that the carriage has reached its ultimate receding points, the stitches of the work have been drawn over the heads of the needles, and made to embrace the loops under the beards in the heads of the needles, and thereby to form, of the said loops, a new series of stitches or range of work, as seen in figs. 10, and 11. By the workman now depressing the handles N, N, the needle carriage is brought forward again; by which movement, the work, being held by a lever frame w, is

slidden toward the back parts of the needles; the parts of the machine being then in the positions shewn in figs. 1, 2, and 3, ready to commence a new course of work. The lever frame w, is formed with an opening chap w*, which is confined by catches, and the whole turns upon pivots 5, fixed to brackets connected to the standards. The lower end of one of the levers w, has a cord 6, attached to it, which, passing over a pulley, is connected to a treadle x, at the lower part of the machine. By depressing this treadle, the workman is enabled to bring forward the work to the heads of the needles, when required, and the lever frame is made to resume its position by a weighted cord 7.

The narrowing of the work is effected by the introduction of any number of moveable stops u, u, into the groove of the carrier-bar H, which arrests the lateral progress of the slider n; and, in order to make a tight selvage to the work, two sliders Y, Y, in front of the machine, are to be so adjusted upon their fixed bar, that the elevations g, g, shall stand immediately under the outside jacks of each range of work. By these means, the sinkers, pendant from these outside jacks, having a little nib fixed on each, will, by the elevations 9, 9, be prevented from falling so far as the other sinkers, and thereby produce short loops.-[Inrolled in the Petty Bag Office, March, 1841.]

Specification drawn by Messrs. Newton and Son.

TO REUBEN PARTRIDGE, of Cowper-street, Finsbury, in the county of Middlesex, engineer, for his invention of certain improvements in machinery or apparatus for splitting and shaping wood into splints, for the manufacture of matches and other similar forms.-[Sealed 14th March, 1842.]

THESE improvements in shaping wood into splints, consist in the employment of a perforated metal plate, through which blocks of wood are to be passed, by means of pressure; the perforations, in such plate, being so shaped and situate, as to cause the block of wood, when pressed against

its face, to be divided or split into a multitude of small rods or splints; which splints are protruded through the perforations of the plate, in regular formed rods, either of a cylindrical, square, polygonal, or other figure, according to the shapes and dimensions of the perforations in the plate.

In Plate XIII., fig. 1, represents the face of one of these plates, having a multitude of circular holes pierced through it; and fig. 2, is a section of the same, taken through the plate, in the direction of a right angle to the face. The forms of the perforations are cylindrical throughout, except at their openings on the face, where they are slightly counter-sunk, for the purpose of presenting sharp cutting edges to the wood, when pressed upon it, and in order to afford more easy entrance.

The size of the perforations, in the plate, must depend upon that of the required splints or matches to be produced; but it is to be observed, that they must be as close together as possible, allowing sufficient substance of metal to afford strength and resistance to the pressure, when the wood is forced through. The reason for having the apertures so closely contiguous, is, that there may be as small a space of surface or blank, between the holes, as possible, in order that resistance to the passage of the wood may be avoided; and that, indeed, the whole area of the block of wood may be compressed laterally into the counter-sunk openings, and forced through the cylindrical perforations.

Although it is intended, by the patentee, generally to split the wood, and form the splints into cylindrical rods, yet he does not confine himself to that form, as the perforations, in the plate, may be made of any other figure, and thereby enable splints, of other forms, to be produced, by forcing wood through them.

The plate, shewn in the drawing, has a steel face, strengthened by a bell-metal back; but the patentee does not limit himself to any particular kind of metal, or compounds, or combinations of metals; nor to any precise dimensions; but a plate, about three inches wide by six inches long, and nearly an inch in thickness, has been found to answer the purpose. This plate may be employed

in connection with any suitable pressing apparatus. The mode found to answer, is, by fixing the back of the plate against a firm resisting block or bearing, having an aperture equal to the area of the perforations in the plate, and then placing the end of the piece or pieces of wood, in the direction of the grain, against the face of the plate, within the area of the perforated parts. A plunger, or a lever, or any other suitable mechanical agent, being then applied to the back or reverse end of the piece of wood, it may be forced through the perforations in the plate, being first split, as it advances, by the cutting edges of the holes; and afterwards compressed and driven through the perforations in the plate, coming out on the opposite side or back of the plate, in the forms of a multitude of distinct splints, according to the shapes and dimensions of the perforations.—[Inrolled in the Rolls Chapel Office, September, 1842.]

Specification drawn by Messrs. Newton and Son.

To JAMES CHESTERMAN, of Sheffield, in the county of York, mechanist, and JOHN BOттOм, also of Sheffield aforesaid, mechanist, for their invention of certain improvements in tapes for measuring, and in the boxes for containing the same. [Sealed 11th January, 1842.]

THIS invention of improvements in tapes for measuring, and in the boxes for containing the same, is divided into four parts, and consists, Firstly,-in an improved method of making or manufacturing the tape, whereby it is made more durable and less liable to stretch. Secondly,-in improvements upon a former patent, granted to the said James Chesterman, on the 14th July, 1829, for "certain improvements on machines or apparatus for measuring land and other purposes," whereby the last-mentioned invention is much simplified, and less liable to derangement. Thirdly, -in the application of the improved measuring-tape, or any other, for a like purpose, to straight rules, of the ordi

For Report of the Specification of this Patent, see Vol. VII., Second Series, p. 339.

nary construction, whether jointed or not. Fourthly,— in the application, to the improved tape-box, or to tapeboxes of any other construction, of a moveable revolving side, consisting of an almanac or calculating tables; or, instead of these, a piece of asses'-skin, paper, or other substance, on which calculations may be made, is attached to to the box.

The first part of the invention, viz., the manufacture of the tape, consists in partly or wholly forming it of metal. This may be done by means of thin plates of metal, or woven metallic fabric, or by the introduction of fine wires, or an open woven metallic fabric, in the manufacture of the tape. It is preferred, however, to introduce any convenient number of fine wires (composed of copper and silver) in the warp of the tape. These wires are equally distributed throughout the width of the tape, one at or near each selvage, and the others at equal distances between them. By these means the tape is made more durable, and prevented from stretching.

The second part of the invention, viz., improvements in the boxes, for containing the tapes, is shewn in Plate XI Fig. 1, is a view of the tape-box, with one of the sides of the case removed, to shew the interior. Fig. 2, is a cross section of the same. The tape-measure a, a, is wound round a case or barrel b, b, through the centre of which the axle c, of the outer box or case, passes, and allows the barrel b, b, to turn freely. This case or barrel is shewn detached at fig. 3, and has a hollow raised centre d, furnished with a small hook e. One end of the upper spring f, in fig. 2, is held by this hook, the other end being connected to the spring-barrel g, g, shewn detached at fig. 4, by means of a stud on the spring, which stud enters a hole h, made for that purpose, in the spring-barrel. The lower spring i, in fig. 2, is connected to the lower end of the upright axle c, by means of a hook j, (see fig. 5,) similar to the hook e, in fig. 3. The other end of the lower spring i, is connected to the spring-barrel g, g, by means of a stud, taking into the hole k, in the same manner as the upper spring, but in a contrary direction.

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