cellors of the respective divisions, and shall have been at least twelve months before their appointment, and shall be at the time of their appointment and during their continuance in office, resident citizens of the district for which they are appointed. They shall hold office for the term for which the Chancellors making such appointment was elected or appointed. Such registers shall receive as compensation for their services only such fees and commissions as may be specifically prescribed by law, which fees shall be uniform throughout the State.

164. The clerk of the Supreme Court shall be appointed by the Judges thereof, and shall hold office for the term of six years; and the clerks of such inferior courts as may be established by law shall be selected in such manner as the Legislature may provide.

165. Clerks of the Circuit Court shall be elected by the qualified electors in each county for the term of six years, and may, when appointed by the Chancellor, also fill the office of Register in Chancery. Vacancies in such office of clerk shall be filled by the Judge of the Circuit Court for the unexpired term.

166. The clerk of the Supreme Court and Registers in Chancery may be removed from office by the Justices of the Supreme Court, and by the Chancellors, respectively, for cause, to be entered at length upon the minutes of the court.

167. A Solicitor for each judicial circuit or other territorial subdivision prescribed by the Legislature, shall be elected by the qualified electors of those counties in such circuit or other territorial subdivision in which such Solicitor prosecutes criminal cases, and such Solicitor shall be learned in the law, and shall at the time of his election and during his continuance in office, reside in a county (in the circuit) in which he prosecutes criminal cases, or other territorial subdivision for which he is elected, and his term of office shall be for four years, and he shall receive no other compensation than a salary, to be prescribed by law, which shall not be increased. during the term for which he was elected; provided, that this article shall not operate to abridge the term of any Solicitor now in office; and, provided further, that the Solicitors elected in the year nineteen hundred and four shall hold office for six years, and until their successors are elected and qualified; and provided further, that the Legislature may provide by law for the appointment by the Governor or the election by the qualified electors of a county for a Solicitor for any county.

168. In each precinct not lying within, or partly within, any city or incorporated town or more than fifteen hundred inhabitants, there shall be elected by the qualified electors of such precinct not exceeding two Justices of the Peace, and one Constable. Where one or more precincts lie within, or partly within, a city or incorporated town having more than fifteen

hundred inhabitants, the Legislature may provide by law for the election of not more than two Justice of the Peace and one Constable, for each of such precincts, or an inferior court for such precinct or precincts, in lieu of all Justices of the Peace therein. Justices of the Peace, and the inferior courts in this section provided for, shall have jurisdiction in all civil cases where the amount in controversy does not exceed one hundred dollars, except in cases of libel, slander, assault and battery, and ejectment. The Legislature may provide by law what fees may be charged by Justices of the Peace and Constables, which fees shall be uniform throughout the State. The right of appeal from any judgment of a Justice of the Peace, or from any inferior court authorized by this section, without the prepayment of costs, and also the term of office of such Justices, and the Judges of such inferior courts, and of Notaries Public, shall be provided for by law. The Governor may appoint Notaries Public without the powers of a Justice of the Peace, and may, except where otherwise provided by an act of the Legislature, appoint not more than one Notary Public with all the powers and jurisdiction of a Justice of the Peace for each precinct in which the election of Justices of the Peace shall be authorized.

169. In all prosecutions for rape and assault with intent to ravish, the court may, in its discretion, exclude from the court room all persons, except such as may be necessary in the conduct of the trial.

170. The style of all processes shall be "The State of Alabama," and all prosecutions shall be carried on in the name and by the authority of the same, and shall conclude "Against the peace and dignity of the State."

171. The Legislature shall have the power to abolish any court, except the Supreme Court and the Probate Courts, whenever its jurisdiction and functions have been conferred upon some other court.

172. Nothing in this article shall be so construed as to abridge the term of office of any officer now in office.

ARTICLE VII.

IMPEACHMENTS.

173. The Governor, Lieutenant-Governor, Attorney General, State Auditor, Secretary of State, State Treasurer, Superintendent of Education, Commissioner of Agriculture and Industries, and Justices of the Supreme Court may be removed from office for wilful neglect of duty, corruption in office, incompetency, or intemperance in the use of intoxicating liquors or narcotics to such an extent, in view of the dignity of the office and importance of its duties, as unfits the officer for the discharge of such duties, or for any offense involving moral turpitude while in office, or committed under

color thereof, or connected therewith, by the Senate sitting as a court of impeachment, under oath or affirmation, on articles or charges preferred by the House of Representatives. When the Governor or Lieutenant-Governor is impeached, the Chief Justice, or if he be absent or disqualified, then one of the Associate Justices of the Supreme Court, to be selected by it, shall preside over the Senate when sitting as a court of impeachment. If at any time when the Legislature is not in session, a majority of all the members elected to the House of Representatives shall certify in writing to the Secretary of State their desire to meet to consider the impeachment of the Governor, Lieutenant-Govrnor, or other officer administering the office of Governor, it shall be the duty of the Secretary of State immediately to notify the Speaker of the House, who shall, within ten days after receipt of such notice, summon the members of the House, by publication in some newspaper published at the Capital, to assemble at the Capitol on a day to be fixed by the Speaker, not later than fifteen days after the receipt of the notice to him from the Secretary of State, to consider the impeachment of the Governor, Lieutenant-Governor, or other officer administering the office of Governor. If the House of Representatives prefer articles of impeachment, the Speaker of the House shall forthwith notify the Lieutenant-Governor, unless he be the officer impeached, in which event he shall notify the Secretary of State, who shall summon, in the manner herein above provided for, the members of the Senate to assemble at the Capitol on a day to be named in said summons, not later than ten days after receipt of the notice from the Speaker of the House, for the purpose of organizing as a court of impeachment. The Senate, when thus organized, shall hear and try such articles of impeachment against the Governor, Lieutenant-Governor or other officer administering the office of Governor, as may be preferred by the House of Representatives.

174. The Chancellors, Judges of the Circuit Courts, Judges of the Probate Courts, and Judges of other courts from which an appeal may be taken directly to the Supreme Court, and Solicitors and Sheriffs, may be removed from office for any of the causes specified in the preceding section or elsewhere in this Constitution, by the Supreme Court, under such regulations as may be prescribed by law. The Legislature may provide for the impeachment or removal of other officers than those named in this article.

175. The clerks of the Circuit Courts, or courts of like jurisdiction, and of Criminal Courts, Tax Collectors, Tax Assessors, County Treasurers, County Superintendents of Education, Judges of inferior courts created under authority of Section 168 of this Constitution, Coroners, Justices of the Peace, Notaries Public, Constables, and all other county officers, Mayors, Intendants, and all other officers of incorporated

cities and towns in this State, may be removed from office for any of the causes specified in Section 173 of this Constitution, by the Circuit or other courts of like jurisdiction or a Criminal Court of the county in which such officers hold their office, under such regulations as may be prescribed by law; provided, that the right of trial by jury and appeal in such cases shall be secured.

176. The penalties in cases arising under the three preceding sections shall not extend beyond removal from office, and disqualifications from holding office, under the authority of this State, for the term for which the officer was elected or appointed; but the accused shall be liable to indictment and punishment as prescribed by law.

ARTICLE VIII.

SUFFRAGE AND ELECTIONS.

177. Every male citizen of this State who is a citizen of the United States, and every male resident of foreign birth, who, before the ratification of this Constitution, shall have legally declared his intention to become a citizen of the United States, 21 years old or upwards, not laboring under any of the disabilities named in this article, and possessing the qualifications required by it, shall be an elector, and shall be entitled to vote at any election by the people; provided, that all foreigners who have legally declared their intention to become citizens of the United States, shall, if they fail to become citizens thereof at the time they are entitled to become such, cease to have the right to vote until they become such citizens.

178. To entitle a person to vote at any election by the people, he shall have resided in the State at least two years, in the county one year, and in the precinct or ward three months, immediately preceding the election at which he offers to vote, and he shall have been duly registered as an elector, and shall have paid on or before the first day of February next preceding the date of the election at which he offers to vote, all poll taxes due from him for the year nineteen hundred and one, and for each subsequent year; provided, that any elector who within three months next preceding the date of the election at which he offers to vote, has removed from one precinct or ward to another precinct or ward in the same county, incorporated town or city, shall have the right to vote in the precinct or ward from which he has so removed, if he would have been entitled to vote in such precinct or ward but for such removal.

179. All elections by the people shall be by ballot, and all elections by persons in a representative capacity shall be viva

voce.

180. The following male citizens of this State, who are citizens of the United States, and every male resident of for

eign birth, who, before the ratification of this Constitution, shall have legally declared his intention to become a citizen of the United States, and who shall not have had an opportunity to perfect his citizenship prior to the twentieth day of December, nineteen hundred and two, twenty-one years old or upwards, who, if their place of residence shall remain unchanged, will have, at the date of the next general election the qualifications as to residence prescribed in Section 178 of this Constitution, and who are not disqualified under Section 182 of this Constitution, shall, upon application, be entitled to register as electors prior to the twentieth day of December, nineteen hundred and two, namely:

First-All who have honorably served in the land or naval forces of the United States in the war of 1812, or in the war with Mexico, or in any war with the Indians, or in the war between the States, or in the war with Spain, or who honorably served in the land or naval forces of the Confederate States, or of the State of Alabama in the war between the States; or,

Second-The lawful descendants of persons who honorably served in the land or naval forces of the United States in the war of the American Revolution, or in the war of 1812, or in the war with Mexico, or in any war with the Indians, or in the war between the States, or in the land or naval forces of the Confederate States, or of the State of Alabama in the war between the States; or,

Third-All persons who are of good character and who understand the duties and obligations of citizenship under a republican form of government.

181. After the first day of January, nineteen hundred and three, the following persons, and no others, who, if their place of residence shall remain unchanged, will have, at the date of the next general election, the qualifications as to residence prescribed in Section 178 of this article, shall be qualified to register as electors; provided, they shall not be disqualified under Section 182 of this Constitution.

First-Those who can read and write any article of the Constitution of the United States in the English language, and who are physically unable to work; and those who can read and write any article of the Constitution of the United States in the English language, and who have worked or been regularly engaged in some lawful employment, business or occupation, trade or calling for the greater part of the twelve months next preceding the time they offer to register; and those who are unable to read and write, if such inability is due solely to physical disability; or,

Second-The owner in good faith in his own right, or the husband of a woman who is the owner in good faith, in her own right, of forty acres of land situate in this State, upon which they reside; or the owner in good faith in his own

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