His

"He employed his leisure in the composition of A Treatise on Fever, which at once took its position as a standard medical work. He assisted in the promotion of the Westminster Review, and wrote the article on Bentham's System of Education in the first number. To this review he became a regular contributor, and it was his papers on the anatomical schools which brought the abuses of the old system of surgery so prominently before the public. He reprinted the main part of these articles under the title of The Use of the Dead to the Living; and his argument, it is well known, prepared the way for the passing of the law which extinguished the horrible traffic of the resurrection-men. next scientific labours were some articles on physiology and medicine for the Cyclopædia, and soon after he finished his celebrated treatise on Animal Physiology for the Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge. The success of this work suggested the idea of treating the subject in a still more comprehensive manner, and hence, in 1834, his Physiology of Health. Dr. Smith had long been the disciple and physician of Jeremy Bentham, and attended him in his last illness. A characteristic anecdote is related of the expiring philanthropist. During his last illness he asked his medical attendant to tell him candidly if there was any prospect of recovery. recovery. On being informed that nature was too exhausted to allow of such a hope, he said, with his usual serenity, 'Very well, be it so; then minimise pain.'

"In 1837 Dr. Smith was appointed by the Government to enquire into the state of the poor, with a view to see how far disease and misery were produced by unhealthy dwellings and habits. His enquiries led to the passing of the Acts for procuring improved drainage, and ultimately to the establishment of the Public Board of Health, of which he became a leading member. Thus Dr. Southwood Smith was the father of all those great sanitary reforms which have now assumed national proportions, and which in London exhibit their effects in the gigantic scheme of metropolitan drainage, and pursue their active enquiries into all causes of destruction of health and social decency into the remotest and most obscure corners of the United Kingdom.

"Dr. Southwood Smith died at Florence on the 10th December, 1861, a hale old man, and was buried in the beautiful Protestant cemetery there; a handsome marble obelisk has been erected to his memory by his family and friends, with a medallion profile, executed by Mr. Hart, the sculptor, of Florence."

The preparatory bust of the artist will be found in the entrance hall of the Literary Institution, presented by Miss Margaret Gillies.

Besides a cottage in a dell, called "The Limes," but popularly known Men of the Time.

as "HONEYMOON VILLA," part of the property of Mr. Alan Block of Parkfield, there are no more houses on the right side of the Park, the ground belonging to the houses in The Grove above.

The first house on the left, after passing the park entrance to Caen Wood Towers, is Elm Lodge, occupied by MR. OTTO Gössell, previously by MR. S. POPE, Q.C.; it was built by MR. GEORGE BASEVI, F.S.A., an architect of very considerable note.

Mr. Basevi was educated by Dr. Burney, and was a pupil of Sir John Soane. Amongst numerous other works he furnished the designs for Belgrave Square, the Fitzwilliam Museum at Cambridge, and the Highgate Grammar School.

In 1845, whilst superintending the restorations of Ely Cathedral, he was examining the roof with Dean Peacock, when he missed his footing and was killed by the fall.

A curious memorial brass covers his remains in the Cathedral, of which a reduced copy hangs in the Literary Institution.

The next and last house in the Park is BEECHWOOD, in the occupation of MR. WILLIAM PIPER; it was built by MR. NATHANIEL BASEVI (brother of George Basevi), barrister-at-law, whose sister was the mother of the late LORD BEACONSFIELD.

Mr. Basevi married the niece of the late SIR ROBERT PEEL, who, it is stated, when on a visit to his relatives suggested the present very appropriate name of the house-it being surrounded by beech-trees of great size and beauty. Thus the house has associations with two of the leading statesmen of the Victorian era. It has already been mentioned that the house stands almost if not quite on the site of Fitzroy House.

The BASEVIS were a prominent family in the Anglo-Jewish community. Naphtali Basevi, the grandfather of Maria, the mother of Lord Beaconsfield, was one of the early presidents of the Jewish Board of Deputies which initiated the struggle for Jewish emancipation.

The Basevis seceded from the synagogue with their kinsmen the Disraelis. It is somewhat remarkable the number of families of note among the Jewish community-including the Disraelis, Basevis, Bernals, Gideons (from whom Mr. Childers is descended), Lopez, Ximines, Uzziellis, Drummond-Wolffs, Herschells, Palgraves, etc.--who have taken this decided action.

The road from Fitzroy Park to The Grove was probably the road from the stables, which were on the top of the hill, to Fitzroy House. There were two large houses in Hampstead Lane erected on the Southampton estate, both of which have since become absorbed in the beautiful CAEN WOOD TOWERS property.

One of them, which stood opposite the School Pavilion, was erected

by MR. CHARLES CRAWLEY, and a second, on the present site of Caen Wood Towers, was built by MR. GEORGE CRAWLEY. It is to the liberality of the Crawley family that the Grammar School is indebted for the gift of the beautiful school chapel, which in common gratitude should be called "THE CRAWLEY CHAPEL," for the gift was a far greater one pecuniarily than that of the original foundation of Sir Roger Cholmeley.

The house erected by Mr. Charles Crawley in its later days was called DUFFERIN LODGE. It was the suburban residence of LORD DUFFERIN, and his mother the COUNTESS of GIFFORD, who was one of the three granddaughters of Richard Brinsley Sheridan, the Duchess of Somerset and the Honourable Mrs. Norton being her sisters. The family were distinguished for their personal and intellectual gifts.

LADY GIFFORD was the authoress of several ballads and songs, the best known of which is, probably, "I'm sitting on the stile, Mary." She died at Dufferin Lodge on the 13th June, 1867.

FREDERICK TEMPLE-HAMILTON-TEMPLE BLACKWOOD, first Earl and 5th Baron Dufferin, was born, the heir to an Irish barony, at Florence on the 26th June, 1826, and claims descent from the Scottish family of Blackwood, notices of which can be traced in the records of Scotland from an early period. His father was a captain in the Royal Navy, who married Helen Selina, eldest daughter of Thomas Sheridan, Esquire (and granddaughter of the celebrated Richard Brinsley Sheridan). On his death in 1841 his only son, the subject of this notice, then a youth of fifteen at Eton, succeeded to the title and estates of his family. Succeeding at so early an age, it is a remarkable circumstance that at his birth in 1826 the present Lord Dufferin stood three removes from his inheritance. In the space of five years no fewer than three barons died; and for many years there were living at the same time three widowed ladies bearing the title of "Baroness Dufferin."

Lord John Russell being then Prime Minister, and Lord Dufferin belonging to the ministerial side in politics, he was, in 1850, at the age of twenty-four, created a baron of the United Kingdom. This gave him a seat in the House of Lords.

Four years later his introduction to official life was made by his appointment to the post of Lord-in-Waiting to the Queen. In 1855, during the Crimean war, Lord Dufferin, in the character of special attaché, accompanied Lord John Russell, the British representative, to a Conference of the great Powers held at Vienna. The failure of Lord John's proposals led to his retirement from the Aberdeen Ministry; but though the Conference proved abortive, it at least afforded to Lord Dufferin some experience in the business of diplomacy, invaluable to him as a young man destined for public service.

In the following year, 1856, Lord Dufferin's activities were turned

in a direction quite different from the concerns of European politics. In his schooner-yacht Foam he visited Iceland, Jan Mayen, Spitzbergen, and the coasts of Norway, and on his return home published Letters from High Latitudes, giving an account of his voyage, which speedily ran through several editions, and has maintained its character as a popular book ever since.

In 1864-66 Lord Dufferin held the office of Under-Secretary for India, and afterwards for a time that of Under-Secretary of State for War. In December 1868, under the Government of Mr. Gladstone, he was appointed Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster, and this latter post he held until April 1872, when he was appointed Governor-General of the Dominion of Canada. Meantime, several other honours had been conferred upon him. He was made a Knight of St. Patrick in 1863, was appointed Lord Lieutenant of his own county, Down, in 1864, and created a Privy Councillor in 1868. Finally, he was raised to the dignity of Earl in the peerage of the United Kingdom in November 1871

It is not necessary to touch on the difficulties encountered by Lord Dufferin during his term of office in Canada. It is sufficient to say that he won golden opinions from all sorts of men, and did much by personal influence and example to stimulate the loyalty of the Canadians and to consolidate the relations between the Dominion and the mother-country.

Earl Dufferin was Ambassador Extraordinary to St. Petersburg in 1879-81, Ambassador Extraordinary to Constantinople 1881-4, and subsequently appointed to his present high position as VICEROY OF INDIA.

MR. EDWARD BROOK, J.P., on acquiring Dufferin Lodge and the adjoining house, erected by Mr. George Crawley, removed them, and in 1870 erected the beautiful residence called CAEN WOOD TOWERS. The finely-proportioned tower of the house, with its characteristic finials, is one of the most striking objects of the surrounding landscape. The house is now in the occupation of MR. FRANCIS RECKITT, J.P.

Some photographs of the sylvan scenery of the grounds of Caen Wood Towers, presented by Mr. Reckitt, will be found at the Literary Institution. It is difficult to imagine the existence of spots suggestive of such "silent glades" within five miles of the Royal Exchange.

The western portion of the Southampton estate was laid out on the surveyor's plans accompanying the sale conditions, as a proposed road, a little to the east of the present continuation of Millfield Lane, divided into many useful plots of building land! Accordingly, this portion was purchased by Lord Mansfield as a matter of protection, as no doubt it was intended it should be. The frontage of his lordship's magnificent property consequently now extends from Hampstead Heath, to the wall on the western side of Caen Wood Towers.