mission to France, ii. 262; ridiculed by Federalists, publishes defense, 263; calls upon Washington, 263; mercilessly snubbed, 263–265. Long Island, battle of, i. 164, 165. Loudon, Lord, disappoints Washing- ton by his inefficiency, i. 91. Lovell, James, follows the Adamses in opposing Washington, i. 214; wishes to supplant him by Gates, 215; writes hostile letters, 222.
advised by Washington not to ap point Democrats, 260, 261. McKean, Thomas, given letters to Dr. Logan, ii. 265.
McMaster, John B., calls Washington 66 an unknown man," i. 7, ii. 304; calls him cold, 332, 352; and avari- cious in small ways, 352. Meade, Colonel Richard, Washing- ton's opinion of, ii. 335.
Mercer, Hugh, killed at Princeton, i. 182.
MACKENZIE, CAPTAIN, letter of Wash- Merlin,, president of Directory, ington to, i. 130.
Madison, James, begins to desire a stronger government, ii. 19, 29; letters of Washington to, 30, 39, 53; chosen for French mission, but does not go, 211.
Magaw, Colonel, betrayed at Fort Washington, i. 175.
66 Magnolia," Washington's pet colt, beaten in a race, i. 99, 113; ii. 381. Marshall, John, Chief Justice, on spe- cial commission to France, ii. 284; tells anecdote of Washington's anger at cowardice, 392.
Maryland, the Washington family in, i. 36.
Mason, George, discusses political outlook with Washington, i. 119; letter of Washington to, 263; an opponent of the Constitution, ii. 71 ; friendship of Washington for, 362; debates with Washington the site of Pohick Church, 381.
Mason, S. T., communicates Jay treaty to Bache, ii. 185. Massey, Rev. Lee, rector of Pohick Church, i. 44.
Mathews, George, letter of Washing- ton to, i. 294.
interview with Dr. Logan, ii. 265. Mifflin, Thomas, wishes to supplant Washington by Gates, i. 216; mem- ber of board of war, 221; put under Washington's orders, 226; replies to Washington's surrender of com- mission, 349; meets Washington on journey to inauguration, ii. 44; notified of the Little Sarah, French privateer, 154; orders its seizure, 155.
Militia, abandon Continental army, i. 167; cowardice of, 168; despised by Washington, 169; leave army again, 175; assist in defeat of Bur- goyne, 211. Mischianza, i. 232.
Monmouth, battle of, i. 235-239. Monroe, James, appointed minister to France, ii. 211; his character, 212; intrigues against Hamilton, 212; ef- fusively received in Paris, 212; acts foolishly, 213; tries to interfere with Jay, 213; upheld, then con- demned and recalled by Washing- ton, 213, 214; writes a vindication, 215; Washington's opinion of him, 215, 216; his selection one of Wash- ington's few mistakes, 334,
Matthews, Edward, makes raids in Montgomery, General Richard, sent
Mawhood, General, defeated at Prince- ton, i. 182.
McGillivray, Alexander, chief of the
Creeks, ii. 90; his journey to New York and interview with Washing- ton, 91.
McHenry, James, at West Point, i-
284; letters to, 325, ii. 22, 278, 287, 384; becomes secretary of war, 246;
by Washington to invade Canada, i. 143.
Morgan, Daniel, sent against Bur- goyne by Washington, i. 208; at Saratoga, 210; wins battle of Cow- pens, joins Greene, 301. Morris, Gouverneur, letters of Wash- ington to, i. 248, 263; efforts to- wards financial reform, 264; quotes speech of Washington at Federal
i. 99, 100; defense of, in Revolu- tion, 159-169; abandoned by Wash- ington, 169; Howe establishes him- self in, 177; reoccupied by Clinton, 264; Washington's journey to, ii. 44; inauguration in, 46; rioting in, against Jay treaty, 187.
Nicholas, John, letter of Washington to, ii. 259.
tablish a despotism, i. 337.
convention in his eulogy, ii. 31; discussion as to his value as an au- thority, 32, note; goes to England on unofficial mission, 137; balked by English insolence, 137; com- prehends French Revolution, 139; letters of Washington to, on the Revolution, 140, 142, 145; recall de- manded by France, 211; letter of Washington to, 217, 240, 254; Wash-Nicola, Col., urges Washington to es- ington's friendship for, 363. Morris, Robert, letter of Washington to, i. 187; helps Washington to pay troops, 259; efforts towards financial reform, 264; difficulty in helping Washington in 1781, 309, 312; considered for secretary of treasury, ii. 66; his bank policy ap- proved by Washington, 110; Wash- ington's friendship for, 363. Moustier, demands private access to Washington, ii. 59; refused, 59,
Murray, Vans, minister in Holland,
interview with Dr. Logan, ii. 264; nominated for French mission by Adams, 292; written to by Wash- ington, 292.
Muse, Adjutant, trains Washington in tactics and art of war, i. 65.
NAPOLEON, orders public mourning for Washington's death, i. 1. Nelson, General, letter of Washington to, i. 257.
Newburgh addresses, ii. 335.
New England, character of people, i. 138; attitude toward Washington, 138, 139; troops disliked by Wash ington, 152; later praised by him, 152, 317, 344; threatened by Bur- goyne's invasion, 204; its delegates in Congress demand appointment of Gates, 208; and oppose Washington, 214; welcomes Washington on tour as President, ii. 74; more democratic than other colonies before Revolu- tion, 315; disliked by Washington for this reason, 316. Newenham, Sir Edward, letter of Washington to on American foreign policy, ii. 133.
New York, Washington's first visit to,
Noailles, Vicomte de, French émigré, referred to State Department, ii. 151, 253.
CAPTAIN, Washington's friendship with, ii. 318. Organization of the national govern- ment, absence of materials to work with, ii. 51; debate over title of President, 52; over his communica- tions with Senate, 53; over presi- dential etiquette, 53-56; appoint- ment of officials to cabinet offices established by Congress, 64-71; ap- pointment of supreme court judges,
PAINE, THOMAS, his "Rights of Man" reprinted by Jefferson, ii. 226. Parkinson, Richard, says Washington was harsh to slaves, i. 105; contra- dicts statement elsewhere, 106; tells stories of Washington's pecuniary exactness, ii. 353, 354, 382; his character, 355; his high opinion of Washington, 356.
Parton, James, considers Washington as good but commonplace, ii. 330, 374. Peachey, Captain, letter of Washing- ton to, i. 92. Pendleton, Edmund, Virginia delegate to Continental Congress, i. 128. Pennsylvania, refuses to fight the French, i. 72, 83; fails to help Wash- ington, 225; remonstrates against his going into winter quarters, 229; condemned by Washington, 229; compromises with mutineers, 292.
Philipse, Mary, brief love-affair of Washington with, i. 99, 100. Phillips, General, commands British troops in Virginia, i. 303; death of, 303.
tells Washington of Burgoyne's surrender, 211; rebuked by Wash- ington, 217; amuses Washington, ii. 374.
Pickering, Colonel, quiets Six Na- RAHL, COLONEL, defeated and killed
Pickering, Timothy, letter of Wash- ington to, on French Revolution, ii. 140; on failure of Spanish negotia- tions, 166; recalls Washington to Philadelphia to receive Fauchet let- ter, 195; succeeds Randolph, 246; letters of Washington to, on party government, 247; appeals to Wash- ington against Adams's reversal of Hamilton's rank, 286; letters of Washington to, 292, 324; criticises Washington as a commonplace per- son, 307.
Pinckney, Charles C., letter of Wash- ington to, ii.90; appointed to succeed Monroe as minister to France, 214; refused reception, 284; sent on spe- cial commission, 284; named by Washington as general, 286; accepts without complaint of Hamilton's higher rank, 290; Washington's friendship with, 363. Pinckney, Thomas, sent on special mission to Spain, ii. 166; unsuc- cessful at first, 166; succeeds in making a good treaty, 167; credit of his exploit, 168; letter of Wash- ington to, 325.
Pitt, William, his conduct of French war, i. 93, 94.
Princeton, battle of, i. 181-3.
Privateers, sent out by Washington, i. 150.
"Protection" favored in the first Congress, ii. 113-115; arguments of Hamilton for, 114, 115; of Wash- ington, 116-122. Provincialism of Americans, i. 193; with regard to foreign officers, 193, 234, 250-252; with regard to for- eign politics, ii. 131, 132, 163, 237, 255.
Putnam, Israel, escapes with difficulty from New York, i. 169; fails to help Washington at Trenton, 180; warned to defend the Hudson, 195;
Randolph, Edmund, letter of Wash- ington to, ii. 30, 39; relations with Washington, 64; appointed attor- ney-general, 64; his character, 64, 65; a friend of the Constitution, 71; opposes a bank, 110; letter of Washington to, on protective boun- ties, 118; drafts neutrality procla- mation, 147; vacillates with regard to Genet, 154; argues that United States is bound by French alliance, 170; succeeds Jefferson as secre- tary of state, 184; directed to pre- pare a remonstrance against Eng- lish "provision order," 185; op- posed to Jay treaty, 188; letter of Washington to, on conditional rati- fication, 189, 191, 192, 194; guilty, apparently, from Fauchet letter, of corrupt practices, 196; his position not a cause for Washington's sign- ing treaty, 196-200; receives Fau- chet letter, resigns, 201; his per- sonal honesty, 201; his discredita ble carelessness, 202; fairly treated by Washington, 203, 204; his com- plaints against Washington, 203; letter of Washington to, concerning Monroe, 213; at first a Federalist, 246.
Randolph, John, on early disappear- ance of Virginia colonial society, i. 15. Rawdon, Lord, commands British forces in South, too distant to help Cornwallis, i. 304.
Reed, Joseph, letters of Washington to, i. 151, 260. Revolution, War of, foreseen by Washington, i. 120, 122; Lexington and Concord, 133; Bunker Hill, 136; siege of Boston, 137-154; or- ganization of army, 139-142; opera- tions in New York, 143; invasion of Canada, 143, 144; question as to treatment of prisoners, 145–148;
causes of British defeat, 154, 155; | campaign near New York, 161-177; causes for attempted defense of Brooklyn, 163, 164; battle of Long Island, 164-165; escape of Amer- icans, 166; affair at Kip's Bay, 168; at King's Bridge, 170; at Frog's Point, 173; battle of White Plains, 173; at Chatterton Hill, 174; capture of Forts Washington and Lee, 174, 175; pursuit of Wash- ington into New Jersey, 175-177; retirement of Howe to New York, 177; battle of Trenton, 180, 181; campaign of Princeton, 181-183; its brilliancy, 183; Philadelphia campaign, 194-202; British march across New Jersey prevented by Washington, 194; sea voyage to Delaware, 195; battle of the Bran- dywine, 196-198; causes for defeat, 198; defeat of Wayne, 198; Phila- delphia taken by Howe, 199; battle
311; feints against Clinton, 306; op- erations of Cornwallis and Lafayette in Virginia, 307; naval supremacy secured by Washington, 310, 311; battle of De Grasse and Graves off Chesapeake, 312; transport of American army to Virginia, 311- 313; siege and capture of Yorktown, 315-318; masterly character of cam- paign, 318-320; petty operations before New York, 326; treaty of peace, 342.
Rives, on Washington's doubts of con- stitutionality of Bank, ii. 110. Robinson, Beverly, speaker of Vir ginia House of Burgesses, his com- pliment to Washington, i. 102. Robinson, Colonel, loyalist, i. 282. Rumsey, James, the inventor, asks Washington's consideration of his steamboat, ii. 4.
Rush, Benjamin, describes Washing- ton's impressiveness, ii. 389.
of Germantown, 199; its signifi-Rutledge, John, letter of Washington
to, i. 281; nomination rejected by Senate, ii. 63; nominated to Su- preme Court, 73.
cance, 200, 201; Burgoyne's inva- sion, 203-211; Washington's prepa- rations for, 204-206; Howe's error in neglecting to coöperate, 205; cap- ture of Ticonderoga, 207; battles of Bennington, Oriskany, Fort Schuy- ler, 210; battle of Saratoga, 211; British repulse at Fort Mercer, 217; destruction of the forts, 217; fruit- less skirmishing before Philadelphia, 218; Valley Forge, 228-232; evacu- ation of Philadelphia, 234; battle of Monmouth, 235-239; its effect, 239; cruise and failure of D'Estaing at Newport, 243, 244; failure of D'Es-St. Simon, Count, reinforces Lafay- taing at Savannah, 247, 248; storm- ing of Stony Point, 268, 269; Tory Sandwich, Lord, calls all Yankees raids near New York, 269; stand- still in 1780, 272; siege and capture of Charleston, 273, 274, 276; opera- tions of French and Americans near Newport, 277, 278; battle of Cam-Savannah, siege of, i. 247.
ST. CLAIR, ARTHUR, removed after loss of Ticonderoga, i. 208; appointed to command against Indians, ii. 94; receives instructions and begins ex- pedition, 95; defeated, 96; his char- acter, 99; fair treatment by Wash- ington, 99; popular execration of, 105.
St. Pierre, M. de, French governor in Ohio, i. 67.
Saratoga, anecdote concerning, i. 202. Savage, Edward, characteristics of his portrait of Washington, i. 13.
den, 281; treason of Arnold, 281- Scammel, Colonel, amuses Washing- 289; battle of Cowpens, 301; re-
treat of Greene before Cornwal-Schuyler, Philip, accompanies Wash- lis, 302; battle of Guilford Court House, 302; successful operations of Greene, 302, 303; Southern cam- paign planned by Washington, 304-
ington to Boston, i. 136; appointed military head in New York, 136; directed by Washington how to meet Burgoyne, 204; fails to carry
out directiors, 207; removed, 208 value of his preparations, 209. Scott, Charles, commands expedition against Indians, ii. 95.
Sea-power, its necessity seen by Wash- ington, i. 283, 303, 304, 306, 310, 318, 319.
Sectional feeling deplored by Wash- ington, ii. 222.
Sharpe, Governor, offers Washington a company, i. 80; Washington's re- ply to, 81.
Shays's Rebellion, comments of Wash- ington and Jefferson upon, ii. 26, 27. Sherman, Roger, makes sarcastic re- mark about Wilkinson, i. 220. Shirley, Governor William, adjusts matter of Washington's rank, i. 91, 97.
Short, William, minister to Holland, on commission regarding opening of Mississippi, ii. 166.
Six Nations, make satisfactory trea- ties, ii. 88; stirred up by English, 94; but pacified, 94, 101. Slavery, in Virginia, i. 20; its evil effects, 104; Washington's attitude toward slaves, 105; his condemna- tion of the system, 106, 107; grad- ual emancipation favored, 107, 108. Smith, Colonel, letter of Washington to, ii. 340.
Spain, instigates Indians to hostili- ties, ii. 89, 94, 101; blocks Missis- sippi, 135; makes treaty with Pinck- ney opening Mississippi, 167, 168; angered at Jay treaty, 210. Sparks, Jared, his alterations of Washington's letters, ii. 337, 338. Spotswood, Alexander, asks Washing- ton's opinion of Alien and Sedition Acts, ii. 297.
condemned by Washington, 333; ii. 21, 23; thwart Indian policy of Con- gress, 88.
Stephen, Adam, late in attacking at Germantown, i. 199.
Steuben, Baron, Washington's appre- ciation of, i. 192, 249; drills the army at Valley Forge, 232; annoys Washington by wishing higher com- mand, 249; sent on mission to de- mand surrender of Western posts, 343; his worth recognized by Wash- ington, ii. 334.
Stirling, Lord, defeated and captured at Long Island, i. 165. Stockton, Mrs., letter of Washington to, ii. 349.
Stone, General, tells stories of Wash- ington's closeness, ii. 353, 354. Stuart, David, letters of Washington to, ii. 107, 221, 222, 258. Stuart, Gilbert, his portrait of Wash- ington contrasted with Savage's, i.
Sullivan, John, General, surprised at Long Island, i. 165; attacks at Trenton, 180; surprised and crushed at Brandywine, 197, 198; unites with D'Estaing to attack Newport, 243; angry at D'Estaing's deser- tion, 244; soothed by Washington, 244; sent against Indians, 266, 269. Supreme Court, appointed by Wash- ington, ii. 72.
kindness of Washington toward, ii. 367. Talleyrand, eulogistic report to Na- poleon on death of Washington, i. 1, note; remark on Hamilton, ii. 139; refused reception by Wash- ington, 253.
Stamp Act, Washington's opinion of, Tarleton, Sir Banastre, tries to escape
Stark, General, leads attack at Tren- Thatcher, Dr., on Washington's ap- ton, i. 181.
States, in the Revolutionary war, ap-
peals of Washington to, i. 142, 186, 204, 259, 277, 295, 306, 323, 324, 326, 344; issue paper money, 258; grow tired of the war, 290; alarmed by mutinies, 294; try to appease sol- diers, 295, 296; their selfishness
pearance when taking command of army, i. 137. Thomson, Charles, complimented by Washington on retiring from sec- retaryship of Continental Congress, ii. 350.
Tories, hated by Washington, i. 156; his reasons, 157; active in New
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