same; also the new forms of wreath or comb-bar, as described, being open at the top, and thus allowing the cross or "less bands" to pass them; and lastly, the application of the self-acting revolving marker, for marking the warps in any required length.-[Inrolled at the Rolls Chapel Office, March, 1840.]

Specification drawn by Messrs. Newton and Berry.

To JOSEPH CHESBOROUGH DYER, of Manchester, in the county of Lancaster, machine-maker, and JAMES SMITH, of Deanstone, in the county of Perth, in North Britain, cotton-spinner, for their invention of certain improvements in machinery, used for winding upon spools, bobbins, or barrels, slivers or rovings of cotton, wool, and other fibrous substances of the like nature.-[Sealed July 17th, 1835.]

THIS invention is described by the patentees, as consisting in an improved mode of winding slivers or rovings upon spools, bobbins, or barrels, as they proceed from the delivering rollers of carding engines, drawing frames, or other similar machinery; and, they further say, "by this our invention, the slivers or rovings are disposed on the spools, bobbins, or barrels, in a conical form, and in successive spiral layers, thereby affording the means of extending the mass of slivers or rovings, which can be wound on an individual spool, bobbin, or barrel, to any convenient or useful extent, whilst it gives greater facility to the unwinding of the slivers or rovings, as they go to supply any succeeding process; the slivers or rovings unwinding as yarn does from a cop, without the necessary rotation of the general mass, the saving of labour, of attendance, and of waste, together with other advantages, arising from this our

invention, will be at once obvious to all persons conversant with the manufacture of cotton, wool, flax, silk, or other fibrous substances, into continuous lines or threads."

The patentees then proceed to describe the arrangement and mechanism whereby they accomplish the application of their invention to old machinery, whereon the sliver or roving has been formerly wound or compacted by the usual method, or to new machinery, constructed purposely to suit the invention.

The invention is particularly applicable to the sort of roving frames, usually called the tube frame, and for which, a patent was granted to the above-named Joseph Chesborough Dyer; the present patentees, therefore, describe the mechanism and arrangement, whereby the application of their invention to that description of machinery is accomplished, and which description will sufficiently illustrate its application to any of the other machines for this purpose. "The spools or barrels may be made of wood, paper, tin, sheet iron, or any other suitable material. In the drawing accompanying the specification, they are shewn as made of sheet iron, and the stem of the spool or barrel, is one inch in diameter, and the bottom part is extended to five inches in diameter, having a conical base piece on which the first layer of rovings is wound.

The winding of the rovings in a spiral form, is accomplished by progressive and proportional movements of the twisting tubes, and also of the barrels or spools. The tubes are fitted in holders attached by bolts to projecting brackets, springing from a rail which runs along the frame in front. In the end pieces of this frame are grooves, which fit on to feathers attached to the frame-work of the machine, which admits of a movement, of the rail in a direct line parallel to the oblique line of the conical surface, on which the rovings are being wound. The pro

gressive motion of the bobbin or spool, for the purpose of winding the yarn in a spiral and conical direction, is effected by a toothed wheel or pinion, which gears into a rack attached to the rail on which the bobbins or spools are mounted, and which causes the said bobbins to rise and fall before the twisting tubes."

In conclusion, the patentees say, "we do not claim, as any part of our invention, any part or parts of the said machine or machines, to which our said invention is applied, and which have been in use heretofore, nor do we claim, as our invention, any part by itself of the mechanism which we have found it convenient to use for the purpose of rendering the principle of our said invention effective; but we do claim the peculiar arrangement of the mechanism, and we do especially claim the principle and mode or modes of winding slivers or rovings of cotton, wool, flax, silk, and other fibrous substances, proceeding from the delivering rollers of carding engines, drawing frames, slubbing frames, roving frames, or other the like machinery, now in use, or that may be invented or used, during the existence of our said patent, upon spools, bobbins, or barrels, in successive spiral layers, and specially shewn and described in this our specification.-[Inrolled in the Inrolment Office, January, 1836.]

TO JAMES ROBERTS, of Sheffield, merchant, for an improved mode of fastening certain kinds of horn and hoof handles to the instruments requiring the same.— [Sealed June 3rd, 1840.]

THIS invention is described by the patentee in the following manner:

"The kinds of horn or hoof handles above alluded to, are

such as are made from horns or hoofs of animals, and which are capable of being softened so as to receive the necessary impression, hereafter described; and the instruments here alluded to, are knives and forks; and the nature of my said invention, consists, in fastening the said handles to knives and forks, by pressing the said handles on and into studs, projections, cavities, or indentations through, on, or into the tangs of the same, when the said handles are in a softened state, and thus causing them firmly to adhere to the said knives and forks."

Plate XIII., fig. 1, represents a back edge view of a knife that has been fastened into the handle, in the manner described by the patentee; and fig. 2, is a side view of the same. In these figures, the tang, or that part of the knife which is inserted into the handle, is shewn by dots; and it will be seen that the tang is indented or jagged on one side, so that when the horn in a soft state is pressed on to it, the blade can never be withdrawn from the handle, and never become loose.

Figs. 3, and 4, represent similar views of a fork, which is fixed in the handle, upon the same principle; but in a slightly different manner. In the latter the tang is made flatter, and is furnished with studs or projecting pieces, which answer the same as the indentation, as in the former instance.

In conclusion, the patentee says, "now, whereas, it is evident, that the particular kind of dovetail, stud, projection, or cavity, formed on, or in any way applied to the tang of the knife or fork, and over or round, or into which the soft scale or handle is pressed, may be varied at pleasure; what I claim as my invention, is the fastening of soft horn and hoof handles, whether in the form of scales or solid, to knives and forks, by pressing the said soft horn or hoof, over, round, or into projections or cavities formed

on or in, or in any way applied to the tang or any part answering the purpose of what is now called the tang of knives and forks; which mode of fastening horn and hoof handles to knives and forks is more durable than any plan heretofore adopted, and supersedes the use of resin; and thus, the said knives and forks are enabled to be washed in hot water without their handles coming off, or becoming loose.--[Inrolled in the Inrolment Office, December, 1840.]

To JOHN MAUGHAN, of Connaught-terrace, Edgwareroad, in the county of Middlesex, Gent., for certain improvements in the construction of carriages.-[Sealed 24th September, 1840.]

THIS invention consists in the improved construction and mode of applying two pairs of shafts to that description of carriage generally denominated a "curricle," which are to be employed as a substitute for the pole and cross-bar, commonly applied to a carriage of that description; by which improved mode of attaching two horses to a curricle, much lighter construction of the vehicle is practicable, elegance of appearance increased, more freedom of action allowed the horses in their draught, and greater safety insured.

The lightness is owing to the removal of all the heavy carriage frame-work necessary in the old construction,— the shafts (which are light) connecting immediately by scroll-irons to the foot-board of the vehicle; greater elegance of appearance is consequent upon the absence of the aforesaid frame-work, and the usual pendant wooden support-horse; more freedom for the action of the horses results from getting rid of the friction of the iron bar across 2 L

VOL. XIX.