great designs, and they who carried out their designs later, they shall restore the property of all kinds, which Karamat, the daughter of the king of Upper Egypt, Miamun Pisebkhan, brought with her as her inherited estate in the southern district (3) of the country, together with all possessions of all kinds, which the inhabitants of the country have given her, and what they have at any time taken from the lady, it shall be restored into her hand, we restore it into the hand of her son and of her grandson, and to her daughter and to her grand-daughter, the child of the child of her daughter. It shall be preserved to the latest times." 'Again [spake Amon-ra], the king of the gods, the great god of the beginning (4) of all being, and Mut, and Khonsu, and the great gods: "Slain shall be all people of every condition of the whole land, whether male or female, who shall claim any object of any kind whatsoever, which Karamat, the daughter of the king and lord of the land, Miamun Pisebkhan, brought with her, as inherited estate of the south land, and any object of any kind whatsoever, which the inhabitants (5) of the land have given her, which they have at any time taken from the lady as property. They who shall keep back any object thereof one morning after (another) morning, upon them shall our great spirits fall heavily, they will not be a helper (?) to them. They will lie in full ambush for them, by the side of the great god, of Mut, of Khonsu, and of the great gods." 'Then spake Amon-ra, the king of the gods, the great god [of the beginning of all being, and Mut, and Khonsu, and the great gods] (6) "We will slay every inhabitant of every condition in the whole land, whether male or female, who shall claim any object of any sort whatsoever, which Karamat, the daughter of the king of Upper Egypt and the lord of the land, Miamun Pisebkhan, brought with her, as inherited estate of the south land, and any object of any kind whatsoever, which the inhabitants of the country have presented to her, and which they have at any time taken away from the lady as their possession. They who shall keep back any object thereof (7) one morning after the (other) morning, to them shall our great spirits be heavy. We will not be any help to them we will sink (their) noses into the earth, we will. CHAPTER XVII. THE TWENTY-SECOND DYNASTY. HAT-KHEPER-RA-SOTEP-EN-RA MIAMUN SHASHANQ I. B.C. 966. THE throne of Egypt was mounted, as has been said, by the son of an Assyrian sovereign, the great king Nimrod, who had met his death in Egypt and was buried at Abydus. This remarkable and hitherto unknown event the foundation by the son of an actual king of Assyria of a kingdom in Egypt for himself and his family-is further confirmed by the chief names of his children and successors: for Takeloth, Usarkon, Nemaroth, represent in the Egyptian form and writing the names Tiglath, Sargon, and Nimrod, so well known in Assyria. As we have remarked above, Shashanq1 had set up his seat of royalty in Bubastus, and only seldom extended his visits to the upper country of Patoris. He lived on the best understanding with the Ramessids, and therein followed the traditions of his family, who had contracted marriages with the daughters of the Ramessids, as had these also on their part with the daughters of the great king of Assyria. We have already remarked elsewhere, that the children of Ramses Written by other Egyptologers Sheshonk. XVI., the Prince Zi-hor-auf-ankh and the Princess Zian-nub-aus-ankh, had testified their friendly homage to king Shashanq I. by marriage presents. Shashanq I.—the Shishak of the Bible, the Sesonchis of Manetho-has become a conspicuous person in the history of Egypt, in connection with the records of the Jewish monarchy, through his expedition against the kingdom of Judah. It is well known how Jeroboam, the servant of king Solomon, rebelled against the king his master. After the prophet Ahijah had publicly designated him beforehand, as the man best qualified to be the future sovereign, Jeroboam was obliged to save himself from the anger and the snares of the king, and for this reason he fled to Egypt, to the court of Shashanq I.1 Recalled after the death of Solomon, he returned to his home, to be elected king of Israel according to the word of the prophet, while the crown of Judah fell to Solomon's son, Rehoboam.2 In the fifth year of this latter king's reign, and probably at the instigation of his former guest (Jeroboam), Shashanq made his expedition against the kingdom of Judah, which ended in the capture and pillaging of Jerusalem.3 This attack of the Egyptian king on the kingdom of Judah and the levitical cities, which the Scripture relates fully and in all its details, has been also handed down to later ages in outline on a wall of the temple of Amon in the Theban Api. On the south external wall, 11 Kings xi. 26-40. * 1 Kings xii. ; 2 Chron. iii. 31 Kings xiv. 25-28; 2 Chron. xii. behind the picture of the victories of king Ramessu II., to the east of the room called the Hall of the Bubastids,1 the spectator beholds the colossal image of the Egyptian sovereign dealing the heavy blows of his victorious club on the captive Jews. The names of the towns and districts, which Shashanq I. conquered in his expedition against Judah, are paraded in long rows, in their Egyptian forms of writing, and frequently with considerable repetitions, each name being enclosed in an embattled shield. We subjoin a list of them, so far as the names and signs are preserved in a legible form : She-n-mau (Shunem) Beith-Shanlau (Beth-shean?) Re-ha-bau (Rehob) Ha-pu-re-mau (Hapharaïm) Ma-ha-ne-ma (Mahanaïm) Beith-Huaron (Beth-horon) Qa-de-moth (Kedemoth) Ma-ke-thu (Megiddo) A-dir Judah-malek Ha-an-ma Af-le-na (Eglon ?) Zad-poth-el A.. ha.. ma 1 See below, p. 210. The speech, with which the divine Amon of Thebes accompanies his delivery of the conquered cities to his beloved son, Shashanq I., contains not the slightest indication from which we can construct a background of facts for the names of the conquered peoples, or for the historical events connected with them. The whole representation, in accordance with the general pattern |