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The Presidents of the United States.

137

spondence with the families of the ex-Presidents. The references (Compiled for THE WORLD ALMANAC from published memoirs, newspaper records, and personal correTHE PRESIDENTS OF THE UNITED STATES-THEIR BIOGRAPHIES IN BRIEF.

will be found on second following pagc.)

FULL NAME.

1.. George Washington.

.....

....

3.. Thomas Jefferson

4.. James Madison.

English

5.. James Monroe.

Scotch.

6.. John Quincy Adams

English.

4

7.. Andrew Jackson.

Scotch-Irish.

8.. Martin Van Buren.

Dutch.

+

....

9.. William Henry Harrison

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English.

English

Scotch-Irish

English

English..

English

Scotch-Irish

18. Ulysses Simpson Grant 19. Rutherford Birchard Hayes. 20.. James Abram Garfield. 21.. Chester Alan Arthur , 24.. Grover Cleveland. 23.. Benjamin Harrison.. 25.. William McKinley. 26.. Theodore Roosevelt. 27.. William Howard Taft. 28.. Woodrow Wilson.

4

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Paternal Ancestry

Parentage-Father.

Father's Vocation.

English.

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English.

John Adams.

Farmer.

...

Welsh..

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Parentage-Mother.

Mary Ball.
Susanna Boylston.
Jane Randolph.
Nelly Conway.
Eliza Jones.

Abigall Smith.
Elizabeth Hutchinson.
Maria Hoes.

Ellzabeth Bassett.
Mary Armistead.

Jane Knox.

Richard Taylor..

Planter.

Sarah Strother.

Nathaniel Fillmore.

Farmer.

Phebe Millard.

Benjamin Pierce.

Farmer.

Anna Kendrick.

James Buchanan.

Merchant.

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Elizabeth Speer.
Nancy Hanks.
Mary McDonough.
Harriet Simpson.

....

Rutherford Hayes

Merchant..

Abram Garfield:

Farmer

Sophia Birchard. Eliza Ballon.

Willlam Arthur

CClergyman.

Malvina Stone.

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Scotch-Irish

English

English.

Scotch-Irish

Dutch..

English.....

Scotch-Irish,

Richard Falley Cleveland.
John Scott Harrison.
William McKinley..

Theodore Roosevelt..

Alphonso Taft.

Clergyman.

Farmer.

Iron Manufacturer.

Merchant..

Lawyer..

('lergyman...

VOCATION.

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None.

...

..

........

..

4.. Madison.... March 16, 1751
5.. Monroe. April 28. 1758.
6.. J. Q. Adams July 11, 1767.

Quincy, Norfolk County, Mass.
Shadwell, Albemarle County, Va....
Port Conway, King George County, Va.
Head of Monroe's Creek, Westmoreland Co., Va. Lawyer..

Toncher.

Lawyer.

Harvard....

1755

......

دایره

Lawyer..

Lawyer.

William and Mary.

1762

Lawyer..

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Quincy, Norfolk County, Mass.

Lawyer.

Lawyer.

Harvard.

7.. Jackson.

March 15, 1767

Near Cureton's Pond, Union County, N. C... Lawyer..

Lawyer.

None.

......

..

1776

1787

8.. Van Buren.. | December 5, 1782.. Kinderhook, Columbia County, N. Y.

Lawyer.

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2.. John Adams.

10.. John Tyler

....

PRESIDENT.

15.. Buchanan

16.. Lincoln
17.. Johnson.
18.. Grant.

April 27, 1822.. Point Pleasant, Clermont County, O..

19.. Hayes...... October 4. 1822...
20.. Garfield. November 19, 1831
21.. Arthur

October 5, 1830.

..

22, 24.. Cleveland... March 18. 1837. 23.. B. Harrison August 20, 1833 25.. McKinley.. January 29. 1843. 26.. Roosevelt... October 27, 1858.. 27.. Taft.

Delaware, Delaware County, О...
Orange Township, Cuyanoga County, O
Fairfield, Franklin County, Vt.....
Caldwell, Essex County. N. J
North Bend. Hamilton County, O.....
Niles. Trumbull County. O.
28 E. 20th St., New York City, N. Y.

September 15, 1857 Cincinnati, O.....

28.. Wilson, December 28, 1856. Staunton, Va...

...

February 9, 1773.. Berkeley, Charles City County, va.....
March 29, 1790... Greenway, Charles City County, Va..
November 2, 1795. Near Pineville, Mecklenburg Co., N. C..
November 24, 1784 Near Orange C. H., Orange County, Va.
January 7, 1800... Summerhill. Cayuga County, N. Υ..
November 23, 1804 Hillsborough, Hillsborough County, N. II.
April 23. 1791. Cove Gap, Franklin County, Pa.
February 12, 1809. Near Hodgenville, Larue County, Ky.
December 29, 1808. Raleigh, Wake County, N. C.

Soldier.

+

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In Early Life.

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Tailor

Statesman.

None.

Soldier.

Soldier.

West Point

1843

.

Lawyer..

Lawyer.

Kenyon.

1842

Teacher

Lawyer....

Williams.

1856

Teacher

Lawyer..

Union.

1848

Teacher

Lawyer..

None.

.

.

....

Lawyer..

Lawyer....

Miami University.

1853

Lawyer..

Lawyer..

None

......

.....

Publicist.

Pub.omcial

Harvard...

4

Lawyer..

..

Lawyer.... Yale.

1880 1878

..

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Teacher.

Statesman. Princeton.

1879

..

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Time of Death.

No.

PRESIDENT.

Age.

2.. J. Adams... Federalist.1797

..

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1837

1.. Washington. Federalist.... 1789 57 7 y. 10 mo. 4 d. Episcopalian.

3.. Jefferson. Republican (a) 1801 57

4.. Madison... Republican. 1809 57 5.. Monroe.. Republican... 1817 58

6.. J. Q. Adams Republican (b) 1825 57 7.. Jackson. Democrat.

8.. Van Buren. Democrat....

9.. Harrison... Whig.

December 14, 1799. 67

61

July 4, 1826.

90

.....

S

July 4, 1826

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June 28, 1836.

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July 4, 1831.

73

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1829 61

54

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February 23, 1848..

80

Presbyterian.... June 8, 1845.

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Reformed Dutch July 24, 1862.....

79

1841 68

1 mo.

Episcopaliau.... April 4. 1841.

68

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Episcopalian.. January 17, 1862

*

...

71

1845

49

4

June 15, 1849

53

...

...

1849

...

..

64 1 y. 4 mo. 5 d. Episcopalian...

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1850

50 2 y.7 mo. 26 d. Unitarian.

March 8, 1874....

74

..

Democrat.

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October 8,1869..

64

June 1, 1868...

77

......

...

16.. Lincoln

Republican.

17.. Johnson.

Republican...

...

18.. Grant..

Republican...

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19.. Hayes.

Republican.

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20.. Garfield. Republican. 21.. Arthur..... Republican. 22.. Cleveland.

..

Democrat.

1885 47

...

23.. B. Harrison. Republican.

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24.. Cleveland... Democrat.

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25.. McKinley Republican...

1897

26.. Roosevelt... Republican.

1861 52 4 y. 1 mo. 11 d. Presbyterian.

1865 56 3 y. 10 mo. 19 d.

1877 54

1881 49

1881 50

1901

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54 4 y. 6 mo. 10 d. Methodist..
42 7 y. 5 mo. 18 d. Reformed Dutch

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April 15, 1865 56

July 31, 1875...

66

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July 23, 1885

63

...

..

27.. Taft.

Republican.

..

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First Cong. Church, Quincy, Mass.
Monticello, Albemarle Co., Va.
Montpelier, Orange Co., Va.
Hollywood Cemetery, Richmond, Va.
First Cong. Church, Quincy, Mass.
Hermitage, near Nashville, Tenn.
Cemetery, Kinderhook, N. Y.
North Bend, Hamilton Co., O.
Hollywood, Cemetery, Richmond, Va.
Polk Place, Nashville, Tenn.

Springfield, near Louisville, Ky.

Forest Lawn Cemetery, Buffalo, N. Y.
Minot Lot, Old Cem., Concord, Ν. Η.
Woodward Hill Cem., Lancaster, Ра.
Oak Ridge Cemetery, Springfield, III.
Greenville, Greene Co., Tenn.
Riverside Park, New York City.
Private ground, Fremont, O.
Lake View Cemetery, Cleveland, O.

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NOTES TO THE TABLES OF THE PRESIDENTS,

* Monroe abandoned the profession of law when a young man, and was afterward, and until his election, always holding public office. † Jackson called himself a South Carolinian, and his biographer, Kendall, recorded his birthplace in Lancaster Co.. S. C.; but Parton has published documentary evidence to show that Jackson was born in Union Co., N. C., less than a quarter mile from the South Carolina line. I Or of departure from college.

§ Widows. Their maiden names are in parentheses. She was the divorced wife of Captain Robards. (a) The Democratic party of to-day claims lineal descent from the first Republican party, and President Jefferson as its founder. (b) Political parties were disorganized at the time of the election of John Quincy Adams. He claimed to be a Republican, but his doctrines were decidedly Federalistic. The opposition to his administration took the name of Democrats, and elected Jackson President.

(c) Randall, the biographer of Jefferson, declares that he was a believer in Christianity, although not a sectarian. (d) While President Johnson was not a church-member, he was a Christian believer. His wife was a Methodist.

Washington's first inauguration was in New York, and his second in Philadelphia. Adams was inaugurated in Philadelphia, and Jefferson and the Presidents following elected by the people, in the city of Washington. Arthur took the Presidential oath of office first in New York City. John Adams and Jefferson died on the same day, the Fourth of July, 1826, and Monroe died on the Fourth of July five years later. John Quincy Adams was a Representative and Andrew Johnson a Senator in Congress after the expiration of their Presidential terms, and both died while holding those offices. Tyler was a Representative in the Confederate Congress from Virginia, and died in office.

Lincoln, Garfield and McKinley were assassinated while in office. Lincoln at Ford's Theatre, Washington, D. C., April 14, 1865, from a pistol shot fired by John Wilkes Booth, who was killed near Fredericksburg, Va., April 26, 1865, by Sergeant Boston Corbett. Garfield was shot in the Pennsylvania Railroad Depot, Washington, D. C., July 2, 1881, and died at Elberon, Loug Branch, N. J., September 19, 1881. The assassin was Charles Jules Guiteau, who was hanged at Washington, D. C., June 30, 1882. McKinley was shot twice September 6, 1901, while in the Temple of Music of the Pan-American Exposition, Buffalo, N. Y., and died from his wounds at the home of John G. Milburn, Buffalo, September 14, 1901. The assassin was Louis Czolgosz, who was electrocuted at Auburn State Prison, New York. October 29, 1901.

Jackson was shot at in the Capitol at Washington, D. C., January 29, 1835, by a house painter named Richard Lawrence, escaping because the pistol of the assassin missed fire. Ex-President Roosevelt was shot and wounded by John Schrank, an insane man, at Milwaukee, Wis., October 14, 1912.

Cleveland after taking the oath as President, kissed the open Bible, his lips touching Psalm cxii.. verses 5-10, inclusive. Garfield's first act after taking the oath was to kiss his mother. The sixth President was the son of the second President, and the twenty-third President was the grandson of the ninth President. William Henry Harrison was the eighth and Benjamin Harrison the tenth in descent from Pocahontas and John Rolfe. Lincoln was the first President wearing a full beard. Grant the first wearing a mustache. Buchanan and Cleveland were bachelors when they entered the White House as Presidents, but Cleveland surrendered during his fürst term. Washington, Monroe, Pierce and Hayes were born on Friday. J. Q. Adams, Pierce and Garfield were inaugurated on Friday. Tyler, Polk and Pierce died on Friday. Lincoln was assassinated on Friday.

There were remarkable coincidences in the lives of Abraham Lincoln and Jefferson Davis. Both were born in Kentucky; Lincoln in 1809, Davis in 1808. Both removed from their native state in childhood, Lincoln to the Northwest, Davis to the Southwest. Lincoln was a Captain of Volunteers and Davis a Second Lieutenant of Regulars in the Black Hawk war of 1832. They began their political careers the same year, 1844, Lincoln being a Presidential Elector for Clay, and Davis for Polk. They were elected to Congress about the same time, 1845 and 1846. They were called to preside over their respective governments the same year and within a few days; Davis, February 8. 1861: Lincoln, March 4, 1861.

Washington, Monroe, and Jackson were soldiers in the Revolutionary war; Jackson, W. H. Harrison, Tyler, Taylor, and Buchanan in the war of 1812-15; Lincoln in the Black Hawk war: Taylor, Pierce, aud Grant in the Mexican war; Grant, Hayes, Garfield. Arthur, B. Harrison, and McKinley in the Civil War, and Roosevelt was in the war with Spain. Adams and Jefferson were signers of the Declaration of Independence, and Washington and Madison of the Constitution.

Grant was christened Hiram Ulysses and Cleveland, Stephen Grover. W. H. Harrison was the oldest man elected to the Presidency, and Roosevelt the youngest, Grant being the next youngest by six months. Cleveland was the only President married in the White House, and his second daughter the only President's child born therein. Monroe's daughter (Mrs. Gouverneur), Tyler's daughter (Mrs. Waller), Grant's daughter (Mrs. Sartoris), Roosevelt's daughter (Mrs. Longworth) and Wilson's daughters, Jessie (Mrs. Sayre) and Eleanor (Mrs. McAdoo) were the only children of Presidents married therein. Wives of Tyler, Benjamin Harrison, and Wilson died in the White House. W. H. Harrison was father of the largest family, six sons and four daughters. Eight Presidents: Washington, Jefferson, Madison, Monroe, W. H. Harrison, Tyler, Taylor, and Wilson were Virginians by birth. Six Presidents: Grant, Hayes, Garfield, B. Harrison, MeKinley, and Taft, were Ohioans by birth.

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* West Virginia formed part of Virginia until 1860.

†Movement in miles during preceding

decade

140

Presidential Elections-Continued.

SUMMARY OF ELECTORAL VOTE, 1856-1916.

1789. Previous to 1804, each elector voted for two candidates for President. The one who received the largest number of votes was declared President, and the one who received the next largest number of votes was declared Vice-President. The electoral votes for the first President of the United States were: George Washington, 69; John Adams, of Massachusetts, 34; John Jay, of New York, 9; R. H. Harrison, of Maryland, 6; John Rutledge, of South Carolina, 6; John Hancock, of Massachusetts, 4; George Clinton, of New York, 3; Samuel Huntingdon, of Connecticut, 2; John Milton, of Georgia, 2; James Armstrong, of Georgia; Benjamin Lincoln, of Massachusetts, and Edward Telfair, of Georgia, 1 vote each Vacancies (votes not cast), 4. George Washington was chosen President and John Adams Vice-President.

1792. George Washington, Federalist, received 132 votes; John Adams, Federalist, 77; George Clinton, of New York, Republican 50. Thomas Jefferson, of Virginia, Republican, 4; Aaron Burr, of New York, Republican, 1 vote. Vacancies, 3. George Washington was chosen President and John Adams Vice-President. 1796. John Adams. Federalist, 71; Thomas Jefferson, Republican, 68: Thomas Pinckney, of South Carolina, Federalist. 59; Aaron Burr, of New York, Republican, 30; Samuel Adams. of Massachusetts, Republican, 15; Oliver Ellsworth, of Connecticut. Independent. 11: George Clinton, of New York, Republican, 7; John Jay, of New York, Federalist, 5: James Iredell, of North Carolina, Federalist, 3: George Washington, of Virginia; John Henry, of Maryland, and S. Johnson, of North Carolina, all Federalists, 2 votes each; Charles Cotesworth Pinckney, of South Carolina, Federalist, 1 vote. John Adams was chosen President and Thomas Jefferson Vice-Fresident.

1800. Thomas Jefferson, Republican, 73; Aaron Burr, Republican, 73; John Adams, Federalist, 65: Charles C. Pinckney, Federalist, 64; John Jay, Federalist, 1 vote. There being a tie vote for Jefferson and Burr, the choice devolved upon the House of Representatives. Jefferson received the votes of ten States, which, being the largest vote cast for a candidate, elected him President. Burr received the votes of four States, which, being the next largest vote, elected him Vice-President. There were 2 blank votes.

1804. The Constitution of the United States having been amended, the electors at this election voted fo. a Pesident and a Vice-President, instead of for two candidates for President. The result was as follows: For President, Thomas Jefferson, Republican, 162; Charles C. Pinckney, Federalist, 14. For Vice-President, George Clinton, Republican, 162; Rufus King, of New York, Federalist, 14. Jefferson was chosen President and Clinton Vice-President.

1808. For President, James Madison, of Virginia, Republican, 122; Charles C. Pinckney, of South Carolina, Federalist, 47; George Clinton, of New York, Republican, 6. For Vice-President. George Clinton, Republican, 113; Rufus King, of New York, Federalist, 47; John Langdon, of New Hampshire, 9; James Madison, 3; James Monroe, 3. Vacancy, 1. Madison was chosen President and Clinton Vice-President. 1812. For President, James Madison, Republican, 128; De Witt Clinton, of New York, Federalist, 89. For Vice-President, Elbridge Gerry, of Massachusett achusetts, 131; Jared Ingersoll, of Pennsylvania, Federalist,

86.

Vacancy, 1. Madison was chosen President and Gerry Vice-President. 1816. For President, James Monroe, of Virginia, Republican, 183; Rufus King. of New York, Federalist, 34. For Vice-President. Daniel D. Tompkins, of New York, Republican, 183; John Eager Howard. of Maryland, Federalist, 22; James Ross, of Pennsylvania, 5; John Marshall, of Virginia, 4; Robert G. Harper, of Maryland, 3. Vacancies, 4. Monroe was chosen President and Tompkins Vice-President.

1820. For President, James Monroe, of Virginia, Republican 231; John Q. Adams, of Massachusetts, Republican, 1. For Vice-President, Daniel D. Tompkins, Republican, 218; Richard Stockton, of New Jersey, 8; Daniel Rodney, of Delaware, 4; Robert G. Harper, of Maryland, and Richard Rush, of Pennsylvania, I vote each. Vacancies, 3. James Monroe was chosen President and Daniel D. Tompkins Vice-President 1824. For President, Andrew Jackson, of Tennessee, Republican, 99; John Quincy Adams, of Massachusetts, Republican 84; Henry Clay, of Kentucky. Republican, 37; William H. Crawford, of Georgia. Republican, 41. For Vice-President, John C. Calhoun, of South Carolina, Republican, 182; Nathan Sanford. of New York, Republican, 30: Nathaniel Macon, of North Carolina Republican, 24; Andrew Jackson, of Tennessee, Republican, 13; Martin Van Buren, of New York, Republican, 9; Henry Clay, of Kentucky, Republican, 2: Calhoun was chosen Vice-President.

1828. For President, Andrew Jackson, of Tennessee, Democrat, 178; John Quincy Adams of Massachusetts, National Republican, 83. For Vice-President, John C. Calhoun, of South Carolina, Democrat 171: Richard Rush, of Pennsylvania, National Republican, 83: William Smith, of South Carolina Democrat, 7. 1832. For President, Andrew Jackson, of Tennessee, Democrat, 219; Henry Clay, of Kentucky, National Republican, 49; John Floyd, of Georgia. Independent, 11: William Wirt. of Maryland, AntiMason, 7. For Vice-President, Martin Van Buren, of New York. Democrat, 189; John Sergeant, of Pennsylvania, National Republican, 49; Henry Lee, of Massachusetts, Independent, 11; Amos Elmaker, of Pennsylvania, Anti-Mason, 7; William Wilkins, of Pennsylvania Democrat, 30.

1836. For President, Martin Van Buren, of New York, Democrat, 170; Wm. Henry Harrison, of Ohio, Whig, 73; Hugh L. White, of Tennessee, Whig, 26; Daniel Webster, of Massachusetts, Whig, 14: Wm P. Mangum, of North Carolina, Whig, 11. For Vice-President, Richard M. Johnson, of Kentucky, Democrat, 147; F. Granger, of New York, Whig, 77; John Tyler, of Virginia, Whig, 47; Wm. Smith, of Alabama. Democrat, 23.

1840. For President, William Henry Harrison, of Ohio, Whig, 234; Martin Van Buren, of New York, Democrat, 60. For Vice-President, John Tyler, of Virginia, Whig, 234; Richard M. Johnson, of Kentucky Democrat, 48; Littleton W. Tazewell, of Virginia, Democrat, 11; James K. Polk, of Tennessee. Democrat. 1. 1844. For President, J. K. Polk, of Tennessee, Democrat 170; H. Clay. of Kentucky, Whig. 105. For Vice-President, G. M. Dallas, of Pennsylvania, Democrat, 170; T. Frelinghuysen, of New Jersey. Wnig. 105. 1848. For President, Zach. Taylor, of Louisiana, Whig, 163; Lewis Cass. of Michigan, Democrat 127. For Vice-President. Millard Fillmore, of New York, Whig. 163; Wm. O Butler. of Kentucky, Democrat. 127. 1852. For President, Franklin Pierce, of New Hampshire, Democrat, 254: Winfield Scott, of New Jersey, Whig. 42. For Vice-President, William R. King of Alabama, Democrat, 254; William A. Grahanı, of North Carolina, Whig, 42.

ELECTORAL AND POPULAR VOTES.

Polit-
Elec
States. ical Popular Plu- toral
Party. Vote. rality. Vote

1856.. James Buchanan*.. Pa. Dem 1,838,169

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Polit- Elec States. ical toral Party. Vote 174 J. C. Breckinridge* Ky... Dem... 174 114 William L. Dayton. N.J.. Rep.. 11-1 8A. J. Donelson. Tenn.. Amer..

8

Me... Rep....

180

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Ga.... Dem...

12

Ore... Dem...
Mass.. Union..

72

39

Tenn.. Rep.... 212

21 Geo. H. Pendleton O... Dem...

21

214 Schuyler Colfax*... Ind... Rep....
80 F. P. Blair, Jr..
Mo... Dem.

214 80

..

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1888.. Grover Cleveland.. N. Y.. Dem... 5,538,233

Benj. Harrison... Ind Rep.... 5,440,216

Clinton B. Fisk... N.J.. Proh...

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1880.. James A. Garfield*.

1884.. Grover Cleveland*. N. Y.

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1892.. Grover Cleveland*. N Y.. Dem... 5,556,918 380,810

1896.. Wm. McKinley*... O... Rep. William J. Bryan.. Neb... Dem.

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1900.. Win. McKinley*... O..... Rep.... 7,207,923 849,790

1904.. Theo. Roosevelt*.. N. Y.. Rep.

1908. William H. Taft* O

1912.. Woodrow Wilson*. N.J.. Dem... 6,293,019 2,173,512

1916.. Woodrow Wilson*. N.J.. Dem.
Charles E. Hughes. N. Y.. Rep....
Allan J. Benson... N. Y.. Soc..
J. Frank Hanly.... Ind... Proh...
Arthur E. Reimer.. Mass.. Soc. L..

• The candidates starred were elected.

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