412

VELARIA.

FANATICUS.

OESTRO.

IV 117P. Rosa discovered the foundations of the great temple of Diana below the modern Nemi in the so-called Giardino by the lake (ann. d. arch. inst. 1856 1 5 sq. inscriptions from Nemi in Hermes vi 6-12). Sil. IV 367.

IV 118 IACTARET BASIA Otho A.D. 69 (DCass. LXIV 8 § 1) spoke the senate fair καὶ τῇ ὑποκρίσει τοῦ σχήματος ἐμετρίαζε, φιλήματά τε ὡς ἑκάστοις διὰ τῶν δακτύλων ἔπεμπε.

120 121 IN LAEVUM CONVERSUS; AT ILLI DEXTRA IACEBAT BELUa dig. III 1 1 § 5 dum caecum utrisque luminibus orbatum praetor repellit: videlicet quod insignia magistratus videre et revereri non possit. refert etiam Labeo Publilium caecum Asprenatis Noni patrem aversa sella a Bruto destitutum, cum vellet postulare. quamvis autem caecus pro alio postulare non possit, tamen et senatorium ordinem retinet et iudicandi officio fungitur. RIGAULT.

122 PEGMA Gesner s. v. Claud. Mallii Theod. cons. 320-5.

VELARIA Hirschfeld (röm. Verwaltungsgesch. I 198) wrongly refers to this word the masc. (see De-Vit velarius) Henzen 6370 praepositus velaris castrensibus (infr. 135 n.). Gruter 599 7 praepositus velariorum. Georges correctly cites Amm. XIV 6 § 25 some of the populace spend the night in wine-shops, nonnulli velariis umbraculorum theatralium latent, quae Campanam imitatus lasciviam Catulus in aedilitate sua suspendit omnium primus. schol. Pers, v 126 uses the word for a towel (mistaking the meaning of strigilis) strigiles dicuntur illa velaria, unde athletae post laborem terguntur. Heinrich cites onom. Vulc. òóvia velaria and (from Salmas. ep. p. 200) the late Gr. Tà ẞnλápia; also Scaliger's (ep. 211) explanation 'loca velis oppansa,' certainly the primary sense, as required by the termination, but supported by no example. schol. 'ad alta theatri velamina.' Ov. a. a. 1 103 tunc (in the days of Romulus) neque marmoreo pendebant vela theatro. Plin. xIx § 23 24 traces the history of these awnings from Q. Lutatius Catulus Capitolinus (cf. VM. II 4 § 6) at the dedication of the Capitoline temple (B. C. 69), through Lentulus Spinther, Caesar (cf. DCass. XLIII 24 § 2 iva yàp uŋdéva tŵv Dewμévwv ỏ ἥλιος λυπήσῃ, παραπετάσματα ὑπὲρ αὐτῶν σηρικά, ως γέ τινές φασιν, ὑπερεπέTаσe, B.C. 46), Marcellus, to Nero (DCass. A.D. 66 LXIII 6 § 2 of the theatre τά γε μὴν παραπετάσματα τὰ διὰ τοῦ ἀέρος διαταθέντα, ὅπως τὸν ἥλιον ἀπερύκοι, ἁλουργὰ ἦν, καὶ ἐν μέσῳ αὐτῶν ἅρμα ἐλαύνων ὁ Νέρων ἐνέστικτο, πέριξ δὲ ἀστέρες χρυσοῖ ἐπέλαμπον). Lampr. Comm. 15 § 6 sane cum ei saepe pugnanti ut deo populus favisset, inrisum se credens populum Romanum a militibus classiariis, qui vela ducebant, in amphitheatro interimi praeceperat. Friedländer 115 376. 500-1.

123 NON CEDIT = XV 43.

FANATICUS cf. ind. CIL vr 490. 2232-6 (pp. 92, 615). PrellerJordan röm. Myth. 113 386 2. Böckh kl. Schr. vII 580-1, who compares the iepódovλo. Tert. apol. 9 hodie istic Bellonae sacratus sanguis de femore proscisso in palmulam exceptus et esui datus signat. Lamprid. Heliog. 7 § 2 iactavit autem caput inter praecisos fanaticos. The texts at large in Dempster on Rosini ant. IV 10.

OESTRO Nemes. cyn. 3 4 Aonio iam nunc mihi pectus ab oestro | aestuat. Stat. Th. 1, addressing Domitian, 22-24 tuque, o Latiae decus addite famae, | quem nova mature subeuntem exorsa parentis | aeternum sibi Roma cupit, 30-33 maneas hominum contentus habenis, | undarum terraeque potens, et sidera dones. | tempus erit cum Pierio tua fortior oestro facta canam. Hier. ep. 79 § 11 pr. quasi oestro libidinis furibunda dixisset 'isti sunt di tui, Israel, qui te eduxerunt de terra Aegypti.'

-133

TEMO. BRITANNUS.

PATINA.

MAGNUS. 413

Paulus. Festi p. 195 M oestrum furor Graeco vocabulo. See HSt. for corpos and its derivatives are constantly used of wild passion (e.g. Eur. Bacch. 119. 1229). For the primary sense see comm. esp. Voss on Verg. g. III 147. Plin. xx1 § 182 halicacabi radicem bibunt qui vaticinari gallantesque vere ad confirmandas superstitiones aspici se volunt. remedio est-id enim libentius rettulerim-aqua copiosa mulsa calida potu. From Pliny's earnestness we may infer that this abuse of the drug was common.

IV 125 OMEN TRIUMPHI Tac. an. п 17 pulcherrimum augurium, octo aquilae petere silvas et intrare visae imperatorem advertere. exclamat irent, sequerentur Romanas aves, propria legionum numina.

126 TEMONE BRITANNO Cic. fam. vII 6 § 2 (to Trebatius B.C. 54) tu qui ceteris cavere didicisti, in Britannia ne ab essedariis decipiaris caveto. ib. 7 § 1. Caes. b. G. iv 24 § 1 (of Britain) at barbari consilio Romanorum cognito praemisso equitatu et essedariis, quo plerumque genere in proeliis uti consuerunt. ib. 33 the locus classicus, ending tantum usu cotidiano et exercitatione efficiunt, uti in declivi ac praecipiti loco incitatos equos sustinere et brevi moderari ac flectere et per temonem percurrere et in iugo insistere et se inde in currus citissime recipere consuerint. DS. v 21 § 5 naturally compares the war-chariots of Homer's heroes. Mela 111 § 52 (= 6 § 5 cf. Tzschucke vII 208-211) of the British covinni. Prop. Iv (v) 3 9 pictoque Britannia curru. companion and lexx. covimus (-arius), essedum (-arius) and Merguet lex. Caes. (essedum -arius).

see Rich

126 127 DE TEMONE BRITANNO EXCIDET ARVIRAGUS reges captos in triumpho producere summae gloriae erat Hor. c. II 12 11 sq. Prop. II 133 (Jahn on Pers. vi 46 47 chlamydes regum...essedaque). As the text is cited by Geoffrey of Monmouth Iv 16, Iuv. is Shakespeare's ultimate authority for the name A. See Holyday.

128 129 HỌC DEFUIT UNUM FABRICIO PATRIAM UT RHOMBI MEMORARET ET ANNOS ind. desum. Aen. XII 643 id rebus defuit unum. Stat. Th. x 437-8. Plin. ep. vIII 6 § 9.

129 RHOMBI MEMORARET ANNOS Hor. s. 11 4 45 46 piscibus...quae ...foret aetas, | ante meum nulli patuit quaesita palatum.

130 CONCIDITUR ind. indicative.

131 Brogniart calculates that a dish to hold the largest recorded rhombus must have been 2 mètres in diameter. For the great dish of Vitellius (Plin. xxxv § 163) a special furnace was built, in reference to which (ib. § 164) Mucianus exprobravit patinarum paludes Vitelli memoriae. Suet. Vit. 13 he called the dish clipeus Minervae woλοúxov; ib. 17 the mob dragging him to death nicknamed him patinarius. As a rule (geopon. vI 3) the largest jars were not turned on the wheel, yet some very large extant specimens were so turned (Blümner Technologie, as cited vir 135, II 41 42). See Iuv. XIV 308 n. tub of Diogenes. Luc. dial. mort. 11 3. hist. conscr. 62 f. Tert. pall. 4 (of earthenware Varro r. r. ш 15 § 2. Colum. XII 54 § 3); on the size of dolia cf. Apul. met. Ix 5—7.

132 TENUI MURO Plin. xxxv § 161 Erythris in templo hodieque ostenduntur amphorae duae propter tenuitatem conservatae discipuli magistrique certamine, uter tenuiorem humum duceret. Luc. lexiph. 7 πorýρia ...πάντα... ἀνεμοφόρητα καὶ ὑμενόστρακα.

133 MAGNUS Lamprid. Alex. 27 § 6 haruspicinae quoque peritissimus fuit, orneoscopos magnus. Plaut. Men. 260 potatores maximi. 269 amator magnus. Cic. p. Quinct. § 93 omnes tuas artes, quibus, tu magnus es.

SUBITUS III 305.

414

CASTRA.

VICIT SENTENTIA.

IV 133

IV 133 PROMETHEUS Sympos. aen. 81 1 ‘laguna' (Bährens p. 1, m. iv 381) mater erat Tellus, genitor <que> est ipse Prometheus.

134 ROTAM Sen. ep. 90 § 31 'Anacharsis' inquit 'invenit rotam figuli, cuius circuitu vasa formantur.' deinde quia apud Homerum invenitur figuli rota, malunt videri versus falsos esse quam fabulam: ego nec Anacharsim auctorem huius rei fuisse contendo et, si fuit, sapiens quidem hoc invenit, sed non tamquam sapiens. Plin. vII § 198 orbem [figlinum invenit] Anacharsis Scythes. PROPERATE III 264.

135 CASTRA 122 n. procuratores castrenses occur in many inscriptions from Claudius or Nero to Commodus, all found in Italy, all relating to imperial slaves or freedmen. Castra denotes the 'Hoflager', servants and retainers of the court. In the notitia dignitatum (Böcking 1 266 seq. II 401 seq.) occurs the castrensis sacri palatii, having under him 1) paedagogia 2) ministeriales dominici 3) curae palatiorum. Spart. Hadr. 13 § 7 a Cappadocibus servitia castris profutura suscepit. Several classes of court servants in Lampr. Al. Sev. 41 § 3 aulicum ministerium in id contraxit, ut essent tot homines in singulis officiis, quot necessitas postularet, ita ut annonas, non dignitatem acciperent fullones et vestitores et pistores et pincernae <et> omnes castrenses ministri (= aulici m., Palatini m. Salm. ad 1. p. 981-3). Inscriptions naming familia, vestis, supellex, statio, numerus, fiscus castrensis, collegium castrense in Hirschfeld röm. Verwaltungsgesch. I 197-209. Godefroy on cod. Theod. v1 32 1 (11 226—8) has collected most of the evidence e. g. Tert. cor. mil. 12 f. (where see La Cerda) est et alia militia regiarum familiarum. nam et castrenses appellantur, munificae et ipsae sollemnium Caesarianorum. Coripp. laud. Iust. III 214-219 affuit obsequio castrorum turma virorum. | illis summa fides et plena licentia sacris | deservire locis atque aurea fulcra parare, ! regales mensas epulis onerare superbis, | conservare domum sanctumque intrare cubile, | internas munire fores vestesque parare. Casaubon (on Spart. and Lampr. 11. cc. and on Capitol. Ant. Pius 7 where he cites σTраTÓπedov from Synes. epp. 71, 110) was the first to establish this sense of castra. It is known to Ducange (castra ad f.) and Georges, unknown to Klotz (and his copyist Corradini), De-Vit, Lewis and Short. See HSt. στρατόπεδον ad f. Didot.

136 VICIT SENTENTIA Cic. Mur. § 65. 8 Phil. § 1. frequent in Livy ir 4 § 3. xxi 6 § 8. xxIII 6 § 5. XXVIII 26 § 3. xxix 20 § 1. XXXVII 19 § 6. XLI 1 § 2. Plin. pan. 76 § 2. Luc. VIII 455 Corte. So sententia potior est or visa est (Verg. Hor.), βουλὴ νικῇ, κρατεῖ. DIGNA VIRO SENTENTIA ironically )( Cic. off. 1 § 38 f. regalis sane et digna Aeacidarum genere sententia. GRANG.

137 NOCTES NERONIS III 278 n. Plin. xIII § 126 Nero Caesar claritatem ei [thapsiae] dedit initio imperii, nocturnis grassationibus converberata facie inlinens id cum ture ceraque, et secuto die contra famam cutem sinceram circumferens. Tac. XIII 47 cited on 116.

138 FALERNO Galen vI 275 K.

139 Gifford there was another senator at this famous council, whose proficiency in "the science of good eating" was at least equal to that of Montanus; I mean the facetious Vibius Crispus, the favorite of Vitellius and the constant associate of his scandalous excesses. When a friend once condoled with him on a fit of sickness, which had detained him from the palace, Rather congratulate me, he replied (DCass. LXV 2 § 3), ὅτι εἰ μὴ ἐνενοσήκειν, πάντως ἂν ἀπωλώλειν.

,,,, NULLI MAIOR FUIT USUS EDENDI compare the boast with which Magnus introduces the discussion on figs Ath. 74a ǹ oukŷn... (oùdevì

-146

LUCRINE OYSTERS. ECHINI.

ALBA.

415

γὰρ ἂν τῶν περὶ σύκων λόγων παραχωρήσαιμι, κἂν ἀπὸ κράδης κρέμασθαι δέῃ, φιλύσυκος γάρ εἰμι δαιμονίως). Hor. s. II 8. esp. Claud. in Eutr. u 327-8.

IV 140-142 from Lucil. Ix 8 9 M (in Non. 216 15) quin ergo, si ostrea ceno, | cognorim fluvium, limum ac caenum sapere ipsum?

141 LUCRINUM AD SAXUM Varro sexagesis 501 Bü. (in Non. 216) tunc nuptiae videbant ostream Lucrinam. Oribas. coll. med. 11 58 (πepi ὀστρακίων 1 138 D) γίνεται δὲ καὶ γένη πελωρίδων τε καὶ χημῶν· διάφοροι δὲ αἱ ποικίλαι καὶ στρογγύλαι, ὡς αἱ ἐν Δικαιαρχείᾳ ἐν τῷ Λουκρίνῳ λάκκῳ. (p. 147) oysters, best in Egypt, at the mouth of Nile, oyster-beds at Ephesus; other localities Brundisium, Tarraco, Narbo, Aikaιapxelav èv Aоvкρivų λákкw, the isle of Leucas, Actium, the Libyan gulfs. Plin. Ix § 169 oysters were brought from Brindisi and fattened in the Lucrine lake visum tanti in extremam Italiam petere Brundisium ostreas, ac ne lis esset inter duos sapores, nuper excogitatum famem longae advectionis a Brundisio conpascere in Lucrino. RUTUPINO Rutupinus occurs in Lucan (and thrice in Aus. whose uncle Contentus was buried at Rutupiae), but not in CIL VII.

142 OSTREA Seneca ep. 108 (xv 173 n. p. 397), when (from fear of being denounced as a follower of alienigena sacra § 22) he abandoned vegetarianism, continued to abstain from oysters (§ 15 inde mihi quaedam permansere, Lucili, magno enim in omnia inceptu veneram. deinde ad civitatis vitam reductus ex bene coeptis pauca servavi: inde ostreis boletisque in omnem vitam renuntiatum est. nec enim cibi, sed oblecta-menta sunt ad edendum saturos cogentia; this last remark is from Sokrates in Xen. mem. 13 § 6. cf. Wyttenb. on Plut. II 124d. Plut. ib. 513. 521 f. Ael. n. a. vIII 9 f.). Cicero also had learnt to avoid oysters fam. vII 26. § 2 our epicures season the plainest food,—terra nata fungos helvellas herbas omnes ita condiunt, ut nihil possit esse suavius: in eas cum incidissem in cena augurali apud Lentulum, tanta me diappoia arripuit, ut hodie primum videatur coepisse consistere. ita ego, qui me ostreis et muraenis facile abstinebam, a beta et a malva deceptus sum.

...

CALLEBAT PRIMO DEPRAENDERE MORSU Pers. vI 24 nec tenues sollers turdarum nosse salivas. schol. ib. 'solent enim quidam gulae dediti tantae subtilitatis habere palatum, ut cognoscant turdos, an cancellarius, an terrarius sit, et si masculus sit an femina; quos velut peritia procacis gulae facit in hac re attentos.'

143 ECHINI Varro Sat. Men. 173 Bücheler (in Non. 216) non posse ostrea se Romae praebere et echinos. Hor. epod. 5 28. s. 11 8 52. ep. 1 5 23. Ambr. hexaëm. v § 2 ostreae adhaerebant profundis, adolescebant echini. §§ 24 25 the echinus presaging storms. Aristot. h. a. IV 5 and ind. èxîvos. Plin. h. n. ix § 100 and ind. Galen de alim. fac. III 38 (VI 738 K). Ath. 90f 91ab. On oysters and the like ib. 85o-94. 145 ALBANAM ARCEM Nibby dintorni 11 523 seq. Burn Rome and the Campagna 410 411. Stat. s. v 2 168-70. Vulcac. Avid. Cass. 9 § 8. DCass. cited on 95. dig. xxx 39 § 8 si vero Sallustianos hortos, qui sunt Augusti, vel fundum Albanum, qui principalibus usibus deservit, legaverit quis, furiosi est talia testamento adscribere.

DUX MAGNUS Mart. VIII 50 8. Stat. s. III 1 61-3 ast ego Dardaniae quamvis sub collibus Albae | rus proprium magnique ducis mihi munere currens | unda.

146 ATTONITOS Plin. pan. 76, after speaking of the freedom of debate under Trajan, at quis antea loqui, quis hiscere audebat praeter miseros illos qui primi interrogabantur? ceteri quidem defixi et attoniti

416

CATTI. SYCAMBRI.

IMPERIAL POST. IV 146

ipsam illam mutam ac sedentariam adsentiendi necessitatem quo cum dolore animi, quo cum totius corporis horrore perpetiebantur !

IV 147 TAMQUAM DE CATTIS cet. Stat. Theb. cited on 111 112. Iuv. vI 490-501 council of lady's maids on the coiffure; a veteran emerita quae cessat acu is first heard; sententia prima | huius erit, post hanc aetate atque arte minores | censebunt, tamquam famae discrimen agatur | aut animae tanta est quaerendi cura decoris! Plin. pan. 54.

:

,,,, SYCAMBRIS C. de Valois refers this to the revolt of L. Antonius Saturninus in upper Germany (A.D. 88 according to Mommsen Hermes III 120, röm. Gesch. vl 137, Herm. Schiller Gesch. d. röm. Kaiserzeit I 524, Tillemont Dom. n. 8; A.D. 91 Reimar on DCass. LXVII 12, Clinton, Teuffel in Pauly 12 1191); but Mommsen holds that the German allies of Saturninus must have been the Catti and their former allies. We have no details of the campaign A.D. 84 against the Germans (Schiller 527-8), in which the able engineer Frontinus was engaged. As the Sycambri served in the Roman army (Mommsen röm. Gesch. v1 113), it is no wonder that they found their way to the amphitheatre at Rome (Mart. spect. 3 9).

148 149 TAMQUAM E DIVERSIS PARTIBUS ORBIS ANXIA PRAECIPITI VENISSET EPISTULA PINNA on the imperial post see Plin. ep. ш 17 § 2 n. Becker Gallus 113 395. The secretary's office Stat. s. v 1 e.g. 37 38. 79— 82 vidit, qui cuncta suorum | novit et inspectis ambit latus omne ministris. | nec mirum: videt ille ortus obitusque, quid auster | quid boreas hibernus· agat. 86 87 magnum late dimittere in orbem | Romulei mandata ducis. cet. to 107. Hirschfeld röm. VG. 1 200-14. Friedländer 15 96-100. 160-170 (list of secretaries; the post was refused by Horace, held by Suetonius).

,,,, ET DIVERSIS et ferri non posse recentiores edd. omnes perspexerunt, proposuere e, a, ec, unum Weidneri ex rationibus palaeographicis optime respondere agnoscere licet ex tabulae adiectae 1. 2 et 8. BEER.

149 VENISSET EPISTULA X 71 epistula venit.

150 NUGIS Plin. ep. viii 14 § 8 iidem prospeximus curiam, sed curiam trepidam et elinguem, cum dicere quod velles periculosum, quod nolles miserum esset. quid tunc disci potuit, quid didicisse iuvit, cum senatus aut ad otium summum aut ad summum nefas vocaretur et modo ludibrio modo dolori retentus numquam seria, tristia saepe censeret ? A.D. 91 (DCass. LXVII 9) a supper given by Domitian to the chief of the senators and knights. He made ready a room pitch-black in roof, walls, and floor, laid naked couches to match on the floor, and invited them alone without attendants. By the side of each was set a tomb-like pillar, containing his name, and a lampstand, such as hangs in tombs: then handsome boys naked, stained black, who danced round them μer' opxσEWS TIVOS poßepas, and then posted themselves at their feet: finally a funeral feast (v 85 n.), all black, served on black dishes. All looked for instant death; there was a dead silence, broken by Domitian, whose words all breathed death and slaughter. At last he discharged them, having before sent away their attendants, who had waited in the vestibule. Some were handed into carriages, some into litters, by strange slaves, which increased their terror. Scarcely had they reached home and begun to breathe freely, when a message came 'some one from Augustus.' Making sure that the last hour was come, they were surprised, one by the pillar which was of silver, others by something else that had been set before them, all of the costliest; finally the boy, rò dauóviov ékáσry, washed and handsomely attired. So having passed the night in fear, they received