Sweden and England, it was agreed, that although it was precautioned and prohibited by the preceding articles, that either of the confederates fhould give aid and affiftance to the enemies of the other, yet it ought not to be understood, that that confederate who is not involved in war with the enemy of the other, fhall not be allowed to carry on trade with the faid enemy of that confederate: but it was only provided thereby, till there fhould be a farther agreement concerning this matter, that no goods or merchandize which we commonly call contraband fhall be carried to the enemy of the other, without danger of being made prize, and without hopes of redemption, if they are feized by the other confederate. In like manner, whereas by the XIIth article of the faid treaty, for the evading of all fufpicions, left the navigation or commerce of one of the confederates, whether by land or fea, fhould be carried on during war to the prejudice of the other confederate, or left the goods of enemies fhould be carried under the difguife of the goods of friends, it was ftipulated and concluded, that all fhips, carriages, wares, and men, belonging to the other of the confederates, fhould be furnished in their journey and paffage with fafe-conducts, commonly called paffports, and certificates, figned by the chief governor or magiftrate of that province and city from whence they came; and that thofe forms of the paffports and certificates were to be observed on which the confederates fhould mutually agree on both fides; and when the merchandize, goods, fhips, men of either of the confederates, and his fubjects and inhabitants, fhall meet or be met by the fhips of war, public or private, or the fubjects and inhabitants of the other confederate, in the open sea, straits, harbours, havens, lands, and other places, wherefoever or howfoever they fhall come together, after producing only their fafe-conducts and certificates nothing farther fhould be demanded of them, no inquiry whatsoever should be made into the fhips, goods, or men, much less should they be injured, damaged, VOL. I.

D

or

or molested; but fhould be freely let go to profecute their journey and purpose, as is above fignified.

And whereas by the XIVth article it was ftipulated, that the faid treaty and confederacy fhould derogate nothing from any preheminence of right and dominion whatfoever of either of the confederates, in any of their feas, ftraits, and waters whatsoever, but that they should have and retain the fame to themfelves in as ample a manner as they had all along enjoyed them, and as by right to them belonged; Now therefore that a fitting draught of fuch certificates and paffports may be formed and obferved, which may be anfwerable to the meaning of the aforefaid articles, it is agreed and concluded on both fides, That for avoiding all frauds and concealments whatsoever of the enemies goods, and all occafions of quarrels as to any certificates and paffports, fuch forms as are underwritten verbatim fhall be obferved, and fubfcribed and figned by the chief magiftrate of that province and city from whence they come; that then the true names of the fhips, carriages, merchandize, and mafters of the fhips be specified; as alfo the punctual days and times, without any fraud, together with other defcriptions of that fort, which are expreffed in the following form of a fafe-conduct or certificate. Wherefore, if any person who fhall declare upon the oath by which he is bound to his king, ftate, or city, that he has given in a true account, be convicted by fufficient proof of having concealed any fraud by his permiffion under his faid declaration, he fhall be feverely punished as a tranfgreffor of the faid oath.

We N. N. governor or chief magiftrate of the province or city of N. [the title or office of the refpective government of that place being added] do make known and certify, that on the day of the N. N. N. citizens and inhabitants of N. and who are engaged and bound as fubjects of his moft' Serene Royal Majefty of Sweden,

month of

A°

and

about

and to our city, or of the moft Serene Lord Protector our most gracious Lord, and to our city, perfonally appeared before us in the city or town of N. in the dominion [of his moft Serene Royal Majesty of Sweden, or of the most Serene Lord Protector of Eng land, just as it shall happen] and declared to us, that the fhip or veffel called N. of lafts or tons, belongs to the port, city, or town of N. in the dominion of N. and that the faid fhip does rightfully belong to him or other fubjects of his most Serene Royal Majefty of Sweden, or of the moft Serene Lord Protector, that fhe is now bound directly from the port N. to the port N. laden with the following merchandize, viz. [here fhall be fpecified the goods, with their quantity and quality; for example, about fo many chefts or bales, hogfheads, &c. according to the quantity and condition of the goods] and affirmed upon oath to the aforefaid N. that the faid goods or merchandize belong only to the fubjects of his moft Serene Royal Majefty of Sweden, the moft Serene Lord Protector of England; or expreffing to whatever other nation they belong, and that N. N. N. have declared upon their faid oath that the faid goods above fpecified, and no others, are already put on board or are to be put on board the abovenamed fhip for the faid voyage, and that no part of those goods belongs to any one whatsoever, but the perfons abovementioned; and that no goods are difguifed or concealed therein by any fictitious name whatsoever, but that the merchandize abovementioned is truly and reaily put on board, for the ufe of the faid owners and no others; and that the captain of the faid fhip named N. N. is a citizen of the city of N. Therefore whereas after ftrict examination by us the abovementioned [governor or chief magiftrate of the city aforefaid] it fully appears that the goods on board the faid fhip or verfel are free, and do truly and really belong to the fubjects of his moft Serene Royal Majefty of Sweden, or of the most Serene Protector, or to the inhabitants of

other nations abovementioned; We do moft humbly and earnestly require it of all and fingular the powers by land and fea, kings, princes, republics, and free cities; alfo of the generals of armies, admirals, commanders, officers and governors of ports, and all others to whom the cuftody of any harbour or fea is committed, which meet this fhip in her voyage; or if the happen to fall in, among, or pafs through their fquadrons, or to ftay in their harbours, that for the fake of the treaties and friendship which fubfift refpectively between them, or whoever are his fuperiors, and the most Serene King of Sweden, or the moft Serene Lord Protector our moft gracious Lord, they will not only permit the faid captain with the fhip N. and the men, goods, and merchandize to her belonging, to profecute her voyage freely without lett and moleftation; but also, if he think fit to depart elsewhere from fuch harbour, that they will fhew all kind offices to him and his ships as a fubject of his most Serene Royal Majefty of Sweden, or of the most Serene Lord Protector, as they fhall in like manner experience the fame from our moft Serene King, or our moft Serene Lord Protector, and all his minifters and subjects in the like or any other cafe. In witnefs whereof we have taken care that these prefents figned by our hands be sealed with the feal of our city. Given at our court.

V. Neither of thofe confederates fhall fuffer the fhips, veffels, goods, or merchandize of the other, or of his people or fubjects, which are taken at fea or elfewhere by enemies or rebels, to be brought into their ports or dominions, but shall publicly forbid any thing of that kind to be done; and if any ships, vessels, goods, or merchandize of either, or his people or fubjects, taken at fea or elsewhere, fhall be carried into the ports or countries of the other by any enemy or rebel of the confederates, or either of them, that confederate into whofe harbours they shall be carried, fhall not fuffer the fame or any part thereof to be fold in that port, or any other place in their dominion; but

J

fhall

fhall take care that the master of the fhip or veffel fo taken, as also the mariners and paffengers, fhall as foon as they arrive, be immediately fet at liberty, together with all the prisoners, fubjects of either kingdom or republic, as many as fhall be brought thither; nor fhall he permit the faid fhip and veffel to stay in that harbour, but shall command the faid fhip, with her goods, merchandize, and lading, immediately to leave the harbour. Provided nevertheless, that nothing in this article be turned to the prejudice of the treaties formerly entered into by either of the confederates with other nations; and where these things do not interfere, the above article fhall remain in full force.

VI. It shall be free for the men of war and guardfhips of either of the confederates to enter into the ports, havens, or rivers of the other, where fuch fhips ufe to repair, and there to cast anchor, stay, and to depart from thence without any injury or molestation; provided thefe conditions are obferved.

1. That it fhall not be free to carry into the harbours of the confederate any fquadron, exceeding five or fix fhips, without giving fome notice thereof beforehand.

2. That the commander of the fquadron and ships shall without delay exhibit his letters of fafe-conduct to the governor of the caftle, fort, city, or province, or acquaint the magiftrate of the place where he arrives with the reasons of his coming, and for what end, and how long he defigns to stay in that port or haven.

3. That fuch fhips fhall not come or ftay nearer to those castles or forts than is convenient.

4. That the mariners, fhips companies, and foldiers, fhall not go afhore in bodies above 40 at a time, nor in any number that may give fufpicion.

5. That while they are there they shall not do any damage to any perfon, not fo much as their enemies; and above all shall not stop or obftruct the paffage of any merchant ships whatsoever, into or out of the harbour.