V. The merchants, captains, mafters of fhips, mariners, and all men whatsoever, their fhips, and all merchandize and goods in general, of either of the confe derates, their fubjects and inhabitants, fhall not be put or detained under arrest, on any public or private account, by virtue of any general or fpecial edit, in any of the territories, harbours, stations, thores, or dominions whatsoever, of the other confederate, for public ufe, warlike expeditions, or any other cause, much less for the private ufe of any perfon; nor be compelled by any fort of violence, nor in any wife molested or injured. Provided nevertheless, that arrefts which are agreeable to justice and equity be not prohibited, if made according to the ordinary forms of law, and not to gratify the paffions of private perfons, but as indifpenfably requifite for the administration of law and justice.

VI. That if one or more ships of either of the confederates, whether fhips of war, or private fhips of burthen belonging to their fubjects, citizens, and inhabitants, be drove by ftrefs of weather, or pursued by pirates and enemies, or compelled by other urgent neceffity to any harbours, ftations, or fhores whatsoever, of the other confederate, they shall be there received with all kindness and humanity, and enjoy amicable protection, without being hindered in any measure from refitting themfelves intirely, and from buying all neceffaries for their fuftenance, repair, and conveniency, at a fair price; nor fhall they be hindered on. any account from weighing anchor, and departing from any port and station, when they please, without paying the customs, or any impofts, fo long as they do not contravene or tranfgrefs the ftatutes, orders, and cuftoms of the place, to which the fhips fhall be retired, or where they stay.

VII. For the like reafon, if one or more fhips, whether public or private, of either of the confederates, their fubjects or inhabitants, have run afhore, fuffered

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wreck,

wreck, or any lofs or damage whatsoever, or shall hereafter, upon the coafts or any territories whatsoever of the other confederate, the fufferers fhall be kindly and friendly relieved, and affifted for a proper reward. Provided that whatfoever be recovered of the faid wreck, or any lofs or damage, be fecured, preferved, and restored to the rightful owner, or his reprefentative.

VIII. That if the subjects and inhabitants of either of the confederates, whether they are merchants and their factors, fervants, captains, mafters of fhips, mariners, or others, travelling or fojourning, for any other reafon, in the dominions of the other confederate, want the affiftance of the magiftrates, either to plead any cause in the courts of juftice in their name for the recovery of their debts, or for other lawful reasons, it shall be courteously afforded to them readily, and according to the equity of the cafe; and juftice fhall be administered without tedious and unneceffary delays, They shall not in any manner, or for any pretence, be hindered in tranfacting their affairs, contracting for merchandize, receiving the price for them, and performing their journies, but fhall be treated every where with the most friendly offices; and it fhall be free for them on both fides to wear arms for felf-defence, on the fhores, or in the fhips, harbours, and public places whatsoever of the other confederate. Provided they do not give the governors and magiftrates of any place whatfoever, any just fufpicion of any machinations against the public or private peace; and whofoever behave modeftly and innocently, fhall be protected from violence and trouble,

IX. It fhall be lawful for the faid confederates, and each of them, their people and fubjects, to buy and export from their refpective countries, dominions, and kingdoms, arms and warlike ftores of all forts, and fhips, into one another's harbours, ftations, and hores, to hale them afhore with fafety and freedom

to

to refide there, and to depart from thence, provided they behave modeftly, peaceably, and conformably to the laws and cuftoms of the feveral places, and do not in any respect hinder the freedom of commerce. In like manner, the Dutch fhips fhall have free access to the ports of the other confederate, and free anchorage there but if their number be fuch as may give manifeft fufpicion, they fhall not enter without confent and leave first obtained from that confederate, whose harbours they are at; unless they are drove in by tempefts, or by violence, or by danger at fea: in which cafe they fhall fignify the reafon of their coming to the governor or chief magiftrate of the place, but fhall not stay there longer than the time granted by the governor, or chief magiftrate of the place, as aforefaid, nor longer than they obferve this article, and those other conditions hereafter ftipulated.

X. It fhall be lawful for the fubjects and inhabitants of the Queen and kingdom of Sweden, to travel fafely, and without moleftation, in England, Scotland, and Ireland, and all the dominions thereof, and to pass through the fame whither they please, by land or fea, to any nations whatsoever, and freely to trade and traffic with them in all forts of merchandize, to import them thither, and to export them from thence: and the people of the aforefaid republic fhall enjoy the fame liberties in the kingdoms, dominions, and territories of the Queen and kingdom of Sweden, on condition that the laws, ordinances, and prerogatives of each nation refpectively, which relate to commerce and merchandize, be obferved on both fides.

XI. Although the preceding articles of this treaty, and the laws of friendship forbid, that either of the confederates fhall give aid and affiftance to the enemies of the other, yet it muft by no means be underftood, that that confederate, with the fubjects and inhabitants, who are not involved in war, fhall carry on no manner of trade and navigation with the enemies of

that

that confederate who is engaged in the war. Only it is hereby provided, in the mean time, till all the rules appertaining to this matter are settled, that no merchandize of that fort which fhall be deemed contraband (which fhall be fpecified by a particular catalogue, to be fettled within four months) fhall be carried to the enemies of the other, without danger of being made prize, and without hopes of redemption, if they are feized by the other confederate.

XII. Left that fuch free navigation or paffage of one of the confederates, or his or her fubjects and inhabitants, while the other confederate is at war, by land or fea, with other nations, fhould be prejudicial to the other confederate; and left hoftile goods and wares fhould be concealed under the difguife of friendfhip; for removing all fufpicion and fraud, it is thought fit that all fhips, carriages, wares, and men, belonging to either of the confederates, fhall be duly furnished in their journies and voyages with fafe-conducts, commonly called paffports and certificates, which fhall be figned by the chief governor or magiftrate of the chief province, or city from whence they came, and be regulated in all things according to the forms that fhall be agreed on within the fpace of fix months from the date hereof: And when the merchandize, goods, fhips, men of either of the confederates, and their fubjects and inhabitants, fhall meet or be met by the fhips of war, public or private, or the fubjects and inhabitants of the other confederate in the open fea or ftraits, harbours, ftations, lands, or other places wherefoever they fhall come together, after producing their fafeconducts and certificates, nothing farther fhall be demanded of them; no inquiry whatsoever fhall be made into the fhips, goods, or men, much lefs fhall they be injured, damaged, or molefted, but fhall be freely let go to profecute their journey, voyage, or business. And if any thing be committed by either party contrary to the genuine meaning of this article, both of the confederates fhall inflict a fevere punishment on their fub

jects

jects and inhabitants, the contraveners, and shall take care that plenary and immediate fatisfaction be given to the other injured confederate, or his fubjects and inhabitants, for all lofs and expences.

XIII. If it also happen hereafter, during this friendship and treaty, that any of the people and fubjects of either of the confederates attempt or endeavour any thing contrary to this league, or any article thereof, by land or fea, or elsewhere, this friendship, league, and contract shall not be interrupted or diffolved between the faid confederates on that account, but fhall nevertheless remain and continue intire, and those particular men only fhall be punished, who fhall violate this treaty, and right and juftice fhall be adminiftered to those who receive the injury, and all manner of fatisfaction shall be made them for the lofs and injury within the space of twelve months after the reftitution demanded. And if the faid delinquents, and thofe who are guilty of the violence committed, refuse to ftand and fubmit to juftice, or to make fatisfaction. within the day appointed, their eftates, goods, and poffeffions whatsoever, fhall be confifcated and fold for the juft and full fatisfaction of the injuries which they have committed; and the delinquents and guilty perfons themselves, when they come into the power of the other ftate, fhall moreover fuffer due punishment, according to the nature of the offence. And reftitution and fatisfaction fhall be made fpeedily, and without delay, to the party injured, and his or her fubjects and inhabitants, for the loffes and damages which either of the confederates fuffered by the other, during the war betwixt England and the United Provinces of the Netherlands.

XIV. The prefent treaty and confederacy fhall derogate nothing from any preheminence, right, and dominion whatfoever, of either of the confederates, in their feas, ftraits, and waters whatsoever, but fhall haye and retain the fame to themfelves, in as ample

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a manner