Jacob Brett, of Hanover-square, Middlesex, gentleman, for improvements in atmospheric propulsion, and in the manufacture of tubes for atmospheric railways and other purposes. (Being a communication.) July 21; six months.

Michael Perrier, of Lymington, gentleman, for improvements in spinning and twisting cotton, flax, silk, and other fibrous materials. (Being a communication.) July 21; six months.

John Lings, of Spur-street, Leicester-square, cheesemonger, for improvements in apparatus for the preservation of provisions. July 21; six

months.

Charles de Bergue, of Arthur-street, West, London, merchant, for certain improvements in rollers and other machinery or apparatus to be employed in flattening, preparing, and polishing wire for the construction or manufacture of reeds for weaving the rollers, being applicable to other like purposes. July 24; six months,

James Stokoe, of Newton, Northumberland, millwright, for certain improvements in purifying the vapours arising from smelting and other furnaces, and in recovering therefrom any useful matters which may be intermixed therewith. July 25; six months.

William Henry James, of Clement's-lane, London, civil-engineer, for certain improvements in the manufacture of plates and vessels of metal, and other substances suitable for heating purposes, and in the means of heating the same. July 25; six months.

Richard Archibald Brooman, of the Patent Office, 166, Fleet-street, London, gentleman, for certain improvements in dyeing. (Being a communication.) July 25; six months.

LIST OF PATENTS GRANTED FOR SCOTLAND, FROM THE 22ND OF MAY TO THE 22ND OF JUNE, 1845.

Henry Jones, of Nos. 36 and 37, Broadmead; of St. James's, Bristol, baker, for a new preparation of flour for certain purposes. Sealed, May 27, 1845.

Charles Joseph Hulmandel, of Great Marlborough street, Middlesex, lithographer, for certain improvements in producing patterns upon earthenware and porcelain. May 30.

James Heath Lewis, of Dover, Kent, printer, for certain improvements in printing. June 2.

John Kingsby Huntley, of John-street, Minories, London, merchant, for certain improvements in the manufacture of manure. (Being a communication from abroad.) June 4.

Arthur Parsey, Spur-street, Leicester-square, Middlesex, artist, and scientific draughtsman, for improvements in obtaining power. June 6.

Thomas Lawes, of Old Kent-road, Surrey, gentleman, for improvements in propelling carriages on rail and other roads, and boats or vessels on canals or rivers, which improvements are also applicable to machinery in general. June 9.

William Shepherd, of Manchester, Lancaster, calico printer, for certain improvements in the art of printing calicoes and other surfaces. June 11. Benjamin Seebohm, of Horton Grange, Bradford, Yorkshire, mechanist, for an improved mode of manufacturing certain descriptions of chains. June 11.

Joseph Washington Tyson, of Burton-crescent, Middlesex, engineer, for improvements in firearms and ordnance. (Being a communication from abroad.) June 12.

Joseph Quick, of Sumner-street, Southwark, Surrey, engineer, for an improvement in steamengines. June 12,

Henry Whiting, of Southwark-bridge-road, Surrey, hatter's furrier, for certain improvements in machinery or apparatus for shaping the brims of hats. June 17.

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Warren Delarue, of Bunhill-row, Middlesex, manufacturer, for improvements in covering the surfaces of paper and other materials with colour, and other substances. June 17.

John Dewrance, of Liverpool, Lancashire, engineer, for certain improvements in steam-boilers, and in the construction, composition, and manufacture of bearings, steps, and other rubbing surfaces of steam-engines and other machinery, and also for a method of lubricating the same. June

18.

Lawrence Hill, junior, of Glasgow, engineer, for an improved brake for railway carriages. June 19. David Henderson, of London Works, Renfrew, Renfrewshire, civil engineer, for certain improvements in cranes. June 19.

NOTES AND NOTICES.

Malleable Glass Rediscovered. — The Mercure Ségusien speaks of a marvellous invention which has come to light within the walls of Saint-Etienne -the production of a sort of glass as malleable when cold as while red-hot. The Moniteur des Arts says: "This new metal, which, ere long, will be of more value than gold, and which the inventor has called Silicon, is of a white colour, very sonorous, and as brilliant and transparent as crystal. It can be obtained, with equal ease, opaque or coloured; combines with various substances, and some of these combinations produce shades of extraordinary beauty. It is without smell-very ductile, very malleable; and neither air nor acids affect it. It can be blown like glass, melted, or stretched out into long threads of perfect regularity. It is very hard, very tough, and possesses the qualities of molten steel in the very highest degree." "

Steam and the Screw as auxiliaries to Sailing Vessels. Whilst so much attention is being drawn to screws as a substitute for paddle-wheels by the arrival of the Great Britain from Bristol, it may not be uninteresting to learn that Liverpool is not behind other ports in promoting objects of a similar nature. Four iron vessels, of various dimensions, with screw propellers, are now building under the directions of Mr. Grantham, consulting engineer. These vessels vary from about 300 to 1,000 tons, with engines of from 50 to 150 horse power. They will be fully rigged, and are all intended for the highest rate of sailing. On account of the greatly increased capacity for stowage in iron ships, the amount of cargo, independent of the space for the engines and coals, will be equal to that carried by timber-built vessels of the same external dimensions. The propellers in the cases here referred to are to be worked on a different principle to those hitherto constructed -the engines will be connected direct to the propelled shaft, causing the engine and screw to make an equal number of revolutions; by these means all spur wheels or bands are avoided, the machinery is much simplified, and kept nearer to the bottom of the vessel, an object of great importance in sailing vessels. Mr. Grantham obtained a patent, about three years ago, for this mode of working the screw propeller, at which time he applied it to a small vessel, which many of our readers will recollect having seen skimming with great velocity about the river. Mr. Peter Cato, and Messrs. James Hodgson and Co. have contracted for the vessels, some of which are in frame; and Messrs. Fawcett, Preston and Co. and Messrs. Bury, Curtis and Kennedy, have contracted for the engines.-Gore's Liverpool Advertiser.

East India Carpets." In looking over a Bombay paper the other day, I observe that Indian cottons, from the shortness and roughness of the staple, are only fitted for the lowest kinds of yarns and for coarse cloths; and I therefore would suggest one kind of manufacture-which does not, I believe, exist in England-of cotton, which would consume, I think, a vast quantity of the low cottons of India. If you don't take these cottons, we must lose considerably, and, if you can't make fine cloths of them,

why not make carpets? There are many kinds of carpets made of cotton in India-stout, serviceable, handsome things; generally, they are termed 'seringee.' These are of all sizes, from the small one, 7 feet by 3, which every man possesses, to enormous ones for rooms and halls. These are generally striped, red and blue, or three shades of blue, sometimes woven into patterns; and I have often thought how useful they would be in England, these coarse kinds, for the poorer classes, for bedrooms, &c. Again, what beautiful designs might not be manufactured by the skill of English workmen,-how large a quantity of small ones for individuals, or large for halls, might not be made for exportation to Africa, South America, and even India! At Wurungole, in the Nizam's country, beautiful carpets of the same description as Turkey-that is, with a nap raised-are made of cotton, and are far more beautiful, though more expensive, than woollen made at the same place: they wash and wear beyond belief. Surely this might be tried in England, and anything which would raise the consumption of the short staple cottons of India would be a benefit to her. Anything England can do, in fact, to increase or bring out her capabilities of produce, benefits the country and herself; and to this should the greater exertion of Government be continually maintained both in England and here."-Correspondent of the Times.

Chinese Flax.-Messrs. Hargreaves, Brothers, flax-spinners and power-loom linen manufacturers, of this town, called at our office a few days ago, and exhibited a sample of Chinese grass. This article is represented as possessing all the qualities of flax, but in a higher degree than any other known to our spinners or manufacturers, surpassing the best qualities in strength, fineness, and length of staple. These gentlemen also showed us a sample of fine linen manufactured by them from this article, which greatly resembled French cambric, but with a more silky appearance. It would appear that the Chinese grass can be supplied in unlimited quantity, and if that should be the case, it must be a subject for congratulation that an article of such large consumption in this country should be presenting itself as another exchangeable commodity for our manufactures, the rapidly extending consumption of which throughout China seems to be limited only by the means which they possess of making a suitable return for them.-Leeds Mercury.

Speed on Railways.-A return has just been published of the weight and speed of the express trains on several lines, from which we select the following: -Brighton averages 30 tons, performs 50 miles in 1 h. and 27 m., or 34 miles per hour, including stoppages; the Northern and Eastern, 27 tons, 32 miles, 45 miles per hour; South-Western, 33 tons, 78 miles in 1 h. and 57 m., or 40 miles per hour; the Birmingham, 274 tons, 112 miles in 2 h. 55 m., or 38 miles per hour; South-Eastern, 35 tons, 67 miles in 2 h. 28 m., or 28 miles per hour; the Great Western, 76 tons, 194 miles in 44h., or 42 miles per hour, and one train has kept the same time with 94 tons.

Mr. Armstrong's Colossal Hydro-Electric Machine. -As an illustration of the power of this machine, Mr. Armstrong stated at the late meeting of the British Association, that it had fully charged a battery containing thirty-three square feet of coated surface upwards of sixty times in a minute. He also mentioned, that by interrupting the electric current and causing it to pass through the thin wire coil of Callan's apparatus for inductive effects, he had obtained a secondary current in the thick wire coil, answering in all respects to an alternating voltaic current, and sufficient to occasion a perma. neut, though slight scintillation of two pieces of steel attached to opposite ends of the wire, and rubbed against each other.

The Paddle Wheel and Screw again.-The Times' reporter of the last Royal progress, gives the following account of a trial between the Victoria and Albert yacht, and her tender the Fairy, on the passage on Saturday last, from Portsmouth to the Isle of Wight. "The Fairy screw tender followed the Royal yacht, which, on passing the Hibernia at Spithead, made signal to her small consort to 'get up her steam-full power,' and try her rate of speed with the Victoria and Albert, which was accordingly done, and a trial of speed between the two vessels commenced, but the Fairy did not draw upon her larger consort, and from the time the signal was made up to the end of the voyage the Fairy had lost full a mile." Another similar trial took place on the Wednesday following, from Cowes to the Needles, when the Fairy was again left far in the rear."

can

Consumption of Sulphuric Acid.-It is no exaggeration to say, we may fairly judge of the commercial prosperity of a country from the amount of sulphuric acid it consumes. Reflecting upon the important influence which the price of sulphur exercises upon the cost of production of bleached and printed cotton stuffs, soap, glass, &c. and remembering that Great Britain supplies America, Spain, Portugal, and the East, with these, exchanging them for raw cotton, silk, wine, raisins, indigo, &c. &c. we understand why the English Government should have resolved to resort to war with Naples, in order to abolish the sulphur monopoly which the latter power attempted recently to establish. Nothing could be more opposed to the true interests of Sicily than such a monopoly; indeed had it been maintained a few years, it is highly probable that sulphur, the source of her wealth, would have been rendered perfectly valueless to her. Science and industry form a power to which it is dangerous to pre sent impediments. It was not difficult to perceive that the issue would be the entire cessation of the exportation of sulphur from Sicily. In the short period the sulphur monopoly lasted, fifteen patents were taken out for methods to obtain back the (sulphuric acid used in making soda. Admitting that these fifteen experiments were not perfectly successful, there can be no doubt it would ere long have been accomplished. But then, in gypsum (sulphate of lime), and in heavy-spar (sulphate of barytes), we possess mountains of sulphuric acid; in galena (sulphate of lead), and in iron pyrites, we have no less abundance of sulphur. problem is, how to separate the sulphuric acid, or the sulphur, from these native stores. reds of thousands of pounds weight of sulphuric acid were prepared from iron pyrites, while the high price of sulphur consequent upon the monopoly lasted. We should probably ere long have triumphed over all difficulties, and have separated it from gypsum. The impulse has been given, the possibility of the process proved, and it may happen in a few years that the inconsiderate financial speculation of Naples may deprive her of that lucrative commerce. In like manner Russia, by her prohibitory system, has lost much of her trade in tallow and potash. One country purchases only from absolute necessity fron another, which excludes her own productions from her markets. Instead of the tallow and linseed oil of Russia, Great Britain now uses palm oil and cocoa-nut oil of other countries. Precisely analogous is the combination of workmen against their employers, which has led to the construction of many admirable machines for superseding manual labour. In commerce and industry every imprudence carries with it its own punishment; every oppression immediately and sensibly recoils upon the head of those from whom it emanates,-Liebeg.

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