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Bafil 1541, 4to. Abrahamus Loefcherus tranflated the entire Work of Paufanias into Latin, and his Tranflation likewife was printed at Bafil 1550. Le Clerc tells us, in his Bibliotheque Choifie, Tom. XI. p. 153. that the Trandation of Loefcberus was published together with the Greek Text, but he is mistaken. Neither did Loefcherus add any Notes to his Tranflation, except a few conjectural ones fet down in the Margin, A Latih Tranflation of Paufanias, by Romulus Amafæus, was printed at Rome 1547, 8vo. and reprinted at Florence 1551, 8vo. at Bafil 1557, 8vo. and at Lyons 1559, 12mo. All these Translations were publifhed by themfelves, without the Greek Text. The Editions comprizing both the Greek Text, and the Latin Tranflations, are the following. 1. That of Francfort 1583, Fol. comprizing the Greek Text, according to Aldus's Edition but corrected in a great many places, and illuftrated with Notes, by Guillielmus Xylander; and the Latin Tranflation of Amafæus, with feveral Corrections, Notes, and copious Indexes, by Fridericus Sylburgius, who to the Tranflation has added a Differtation de GrammaticisPausaniæ Anomaliis, a Defcription of Greece from Strabo, Ptolemy, and Pliny, &c. 2. The Hanaw Edition 1613, Fol, which only differs from the former in this, that the Tranflation is here joined to the Text, whereas in the Francfort Edition it is by itself. 3. The Leipfic Edition, which contains whatever is to be found in the two former; but is, in other refpects, far preferable to them. The Books are here divided into Chapters, with the Contents prefixed to each Book, and the Notes of Sylburgius and Xylander added at the foot of each Page. Befides, the Greek

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Text is far more correct, having been revised. with great care, and illuftrated with very learned Notes, by Joachinus Kubnius. To thefe we may add the Italian Tranflation, by Alfonfa Bonacciuoli, printed at Mantua in 1593. AMRY Gedoyn takes no notice of the fevere Cenfure, which Scaliger paffes upon our Ani, thor thinking perhaps that Critic's ill-natured Reflections fufficiently exploded by Vof fus and the general Opinion of all the Learned, who unanimoully agree, as Begerus rightly obferves, that Paufanias is a moft accurate Writer Scriptor, lut inter doctos conftat, accuratiffimus. Nay, fome have found fault with him #fon, account of his being too exact and minutes accuratus ads faftidium ufque fta: tuarum diis dedicatarum enarrator. It is, we muft own, fomewhat furprizing, that fuch an over-exact Writer as Paufanias, in the minute Account; he gives of the Temples and Altars at Athens, fhould have omitted the Altar,, which St. Paul tells the Athenians themselves he had feen in their City, dedicated to the unknown God, Ayse ** Paufanias indeed (and alfo Philostrates and Suidas) fpeaks of Altars at Athens confecrated To the unknown Gods: but it is very plain, that none of these Altars can be that, which St. Paul mentions. People were fuperftitious in those times to fuch a degree, that they not only gave room in their Temples to their own Gods; but willingly admitted all forts of foreign Deities. Neither were they fatisfied with that, but, left any God should be

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+ Voffius Lib. 2. de Hiftor. Græcis.

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Laur. Begerus, Tom. 1. Thefauri Brandenb. pag.284.
Petrus Faber III. Semestr. p. 52.

** Actor. Cap. 17.

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left out, ufed to confecrate Altars with this Inscription comprifing them all, To the unknown Gods. From them the Roman Catholics fubftituting their Saints to the profane Deities of the Gentiles, have learned to dedicate Altars, appoint Holy-Days, &c. not only to fuch and A fuch Saints in particular, but to all Saints in stropda general. As Paufanias in defcribing the Altars, and enumerating the Gods that were worship-t ped at Athens (wherein he is minute to an excess) is makes no where mention of an Altar dedicated to any unknown God in particular; St. Hierome *is of opinion, that there was no fuch Altar at Athens; adding, without mincing the matter, that St. Paul was miftaken in relating this Inscription, as he generally is in the Verfes he occafionally quotes out of the Greek Poets. According to that Father, the Infcription which St. Paul fpeaks of, was as follows: To the unknown Gods of Europe, Afia, and Africa; to all the unknown and foreign Gods. But whether from Paufanias's not mentioning any Altar at Athens, dedicated to the unknown God, We may rightly infer, that there was no fuch Altar there, tho' St. Paul pofitively affirms to have feen one with that Infcription; is what we leave the Reader to judge.

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ARTICLE IX.

Rerum Italicarum Scriptores, &c.

That is,

The Italian Hiftorians, from the Year of the Chriftian Era 500 to 1500, &c.

Hieronym. in Epift. ad Titum. Cap. 1.

By

Anaftafii

tificum.

By Lewis Anthony Muratori. Milan 1723. Third Volume.

T

HE Pieces contained in the third Volume of Mt. Muratori's Collection, are,

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1. THE Lives of the Roman Pontiffs, from Bibliothe- St. Peter to Nicholas I. commonly afcribed to carii Vitae Anaftafius Bibliotbecarius. To this Piece are Romano- prefixed two Differtations the one touching rum Pon- the antient Catalogues of Roman Pontiffs, by Emanuel Scheleftratius; the other touching the Book of the Lives of the Pontiffs, which is generally afcribed to Anaftafius Bibliothecarius, and entitled Liber Pontificalis; by Johannes Ciampinius. From thefe Differtations we learn, that Anaftafius wrote only the Lives of Gre gory IV. Sergius II. Leo IV. Benedict III. and Nicholas I and that the Lives of the other Popes contained in the Liber Pontificalis were done by different Authors. Anaftafius was a Native of Greece, and one of the most learned Men of his Age. He flourished about the middle of the 9th Century, and was Abbot of Saint Mary's trans Tiberim, and Librarian. of the Church of Rome, whence he is called Anaftafius Bibliothecarius. Authors are divided in their Opinions, touching the Authority of this Book. Blondel, tho' a Proteftant, delivers his Opinion of it in the following Words: eo veteres Ecclefiæ Romanæ Tabule continentur, nihilque eo fcripto incorruptius editum, nibilque a falfi fufpicione alienius reperiri poteft. Salmafius is of the fame Opinion, and beftows great Commendations on the Author; faying, among other things, that we have not the leaft Reason to call in queftion the Truth of what he advances, fince the whole Book is written quafi folis radio.

But

LITTERARIA. But Peter Halloix, tho' a Roman Catholic, was far from entertaining fuch an Opinion of the Work, or its Author. We fhall fet down his Words at length. Que cum baud fatis cohæreant ; (fays he, fpeaking of the Liber Pontificalis) melius, ut quidem fentio, credetur Eufebio, & veter ribus martyrologiis, quam Anaftafio Bibliotbecario, aut ejus Libro de Romanis Pontificibus, qui fal fo attributus Damafe Pape, plurimos antebac der cepit. Damafus talem Librum feripfit nullum: fed illa omnes vite a dicto Anaftafio funt defor mata, & fædis ballucinationibus plena. Thus Peter Halloix; who is the only Writer of any Note among the Roman Catholics, that ever queftioned the Authority of this Work. But this however is not fo ftrange, as that Salmafius, after having taken a great deal of pains to prove that St. Peter was never at Rome, fhould beftow fuch Panegyrics on a Book, wherein it is afferted, in the very firft Page, that that Apoftle fuffered Martyrdom at Rome together with St. Paul, in the Reign of Nero, and was buried near that Emperor's Palace in the Vatican. Hic, (fays the Author of the Liber Pontificalis, fpeaking of St. Peter) martyrio cum Paulo coronatur poft paffionem Domini annis 38, qui fepultus eft via Aurelia in templo Apollinis juxta locum ubi crucifixus eft, juxta Palatium Neronianum in Vaticano, juxta territorium triumphale in. Calendas Julias. We find here mention made of Chalices, Veftments, Reliques, Holy-water, the Sacrifice of the Mafs, &c. in the earlieft times of Chriftianity. As to the Pope, he is ftiled, Vicarius Dei; Claviger Cali; Auriga fpiritualis Ifraelis univerfalis Pontifex fpecialis Pater; omnium Arbiter, tenens claves David, babens claves Scientia, in cujus pectoris arca Tabulæ Tefta- thằ menti,

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