2752. For Ordnance Sergeants.-Crimson stripe, one inch and one-quarter wide.

2753. For Hospital Stewards.-Emerald green stripe, one inch and one-quarter wide.

2754. For Commissary Sergeants.-Cadet gray stripe, one inch and one-quarter wide.-[G. O. 38, 1873.]

2755. All stripes to be of cloth.

2756. Trousers for all mounted men to be reinforced.

2757. In extreme southern latitudes, in summer, commanding officers are authorized to sanction the use, on duty, of white pants, to be bought, out of the pay of the soldier, of the local merchant or trader.-[G. O. 76, 1879.]

BOOTS AND SHOES.

2758. The Quartermaster's Department manufactures (at the Leavenworth Military Prison) the shoes for the Army, of the best materials and patterns possible. No particular shoe is adopted as uniform.-[G. O. 76, 1879.]

HAT OR HELMET (FULL DRESS).

2759. Helmets for all mounted troops.-Body: of black felt as per pattern in the office of the Quartermaster General, with leather chin-strap, large crossed cannons or sabres, letter of company and number of regiment, plain side buttons, top piece and plume-socket, all brass; horse-hair plumes and cords, and band with rings of the color of the arm of service.

2760. Helmets for all foot troops.-Of same pattern and material as for mounted troops, with leather chin-strap; and plain side buttons, top piece and spike, of brass.

2761. Trimmings.-Commissary Sergeants, a crescent of white metal; Hospital Stewards, a wreath of brass, with letters U. S. in white metal; Engineers, a castle, with letter of company; Ordnance, a shell and flame; Artillery, crossed cannons; Infantry, crossed rifles, and letter of company and number of regiment, all in brass.-[G. O. 4, 1881.]

2762. The helmet cords will be attached to the left side of the helmet and come down to the left shoulder, where they are held together by a slide; one cord then passes to the front and the other to the rear of the neck, crossing upon the right shoulder and passing separately around to the front and rear of the right arm, where they are again united and held together by a slide under the arms; the united cords then cross the breast and are looped up to the upper button on the left side of the coat.-[G. O. 67, 1873.]

2763. Cork helmets will be supplied only to troops serving in extremely hot climates, in the first and third years of their enlistment, and these only in lieu of the campaign hat. The necessity for such issue must in all cases be certified to by the Department Commander.-[G. O. 72, 1880.]

FORAGE CAP.

2764. For all Enlisted Men.-Of plain blue cloth, same pattern as for officers, with badge of corps or letter of company of yellow metal, according to patterns in the Quartermaster General's Office, worn in front as for officers.

FORAGE-CAP BADGES.

2765. The cap-badges, numbers of regiments, and letters of companies will be worn by enlisted men of the Army in the following manner, viz:

2766. For Light Artillery and Cavalry Soldiers.-The numbers of their regiments in the upper, and the letters of their companies in the lower, angles of the badges of their respective arms upon the forage caps; the helmets and trimmings according to the patterns

now worn.

2767. For Ordnance Sergeants and Soldiers.-The "shell and flame on dress and forage caps.

2768. For Hospital Stewards.-The letters "U. S." in white metal, inclosed by wreath, on dress and forage caps.

2769. For Commissary Sergeants.-Crescent in white metal, the points in a vertical line, on dress and forage caps.

2770. For Engineers.-The castle, with letter of company above it, on dress and forage caps.

2771. For Artillery.-The crossed cannons, with number of the regiment in upper, and letter of company in lower, angles, on dress and forage caps.

2772. For Infantry.-The crossed rifles, with the numbers of regiment and the letters of company placed as for Artillery, upon dress and forage caps.

2773. For Field and Band Musicians.-Bugle, with numbers of regiment in the center, and the letters of the company above the bugle.

2774. The cap trimmings for enlisted men of all arms and corps will be of yellow metal, unless otherwise specified.-[G. O.8, 1877.] 2775. This regulation does not dispense with nor prohibit the wearing on the collar of the coat the number of regiment or badge of corps.

FATIGUE HAT.

2776. For all Enlisted Men.-Of black felt, according to pattern; to be worn in garrison only on fatigue duty, and on marches and campaigns.-[G. O. 92, 1872; G. O 67, 1873.]

2777. In extreme southern latitudes, in summer, commanding officers are authorized to sanction, on duty, the straw hat, to be bought, out of the pay of the soldier, of the local merchant or trader.-[G. O. 76, 1879.]

GLOVES.

2778. For all Enlisted Men.-Of white berlin.

SPURS.

2779. For all Mounted Men.-Of yellow metal, plain surface.

OVERCOATS.

2780. For all Enlisted Men.-Of sky-blue cloth, double breasted, or single breasted with the additional cape, according to pattern; the linings and facings to conform to the trimmings of the uniform.-G. O. 67, 1873; G. O. 76, 1879.]

REGIMENTAL BANDS.

2781. Bands will wear the uniforms, generally, of their regiments. Commanding officers may, upon appropriations made by the councils of administration, add such ornaments as they deem proper to the uniforms for chief musicians and bands.-[G. O. 107, 1872.1

WEST POINT BAND.

2782. The uniform as now worn.-[G. O. 107, 1872.]

ARTICLE LXXXVII.

FLAGS, COLORS, STANDARDS, GUIDONS.

GARRISON, POST, AND STORM FLAG.

2783. The garrison flag is the national flag. It is made of bunting, thirty-six feet fly, and twenty feet hoist, in thirteen horizontal stripes of equal breadth, alternately red and white, beginning with the red. In the upper quarter, next the staff, is the Union, composed of a number of white stars, equal to the number of States, on a blue field, one-third the length of the flag, extending to the lower edge of the fourth red stripe from the top. This flag will be furnished only to very important posts, or those having large garrisons, and will be hoisted only on gala days and great occasions.[Regs. 1863, ¶ 1464; G. O. 6, 1877.]

2784. The post flag, twenty feet fly and ten feet hoist, will be furnished to all posts garrisoned by troops, and will be hoisted only in pleasant weather.-[G. O. 6, 1877.]

2785. The storm flag, eight feet fly and four feet two inches hoist, will be furnished to all occupied military posts and National Cemeteries, and will be hoisted in stormy or windy weather. This flag will also be used as a recruiting flag.—[G. O. 6, 1877.]

COLORS OF THE ENGINEER BATTALION.

2786. The national color, as described for the garrison flag, with the words "U. S. Engineers" embroidered in silver on the centre

stripe. The battalion color will be of scarlet, of the same dimensions as above, bearing in the centre a castle, with the letters U. S. above and the word Engineers below, in silver; fringe white. The size of each color, and the length of pike, the same as described for colors for Artillery and Infantry regiments. Cords and tassels red and white silk intermixed.-[G. O. 93, 1866.]

COLORS OF ARTILLERY REGIMENTS.

2787. Each regiment of Artillery shall have two silken colors. The first, or the national color, of stars and stripes, as described for the garrison flag. The number and name of the regiment to be embroidered with gold on the centre stripe. The second, or regimental color, to be yellow, of the same dimensions as the first, bearing in the centre two cannon crossing, with the letters U. S. above, and the number of the regiment below; fringe, yellow. Each color to be six feet six inches fly, and six feet deep on the pike. The pike, including the spear and ferrule, to be nine feet ten inches in length. Cords and tassels, red and yellow silk intermixed.— [Regs. 1863, ¶ 1465.]

COLORS OF INFANTRY REGIMENTS.

2788. Each regiment of Infantry shall have two silken colors. The first, or the national color, of stars and stripes, as described for the garrison flag; the number and name of the regiment to be embroidered with silver on the centre stripe. The second, or regimental color, to be blue, with the arms of the United States embroidered in silk on the centre. The name of the regiment in a scroll, underneath the eagle. The size of each color to be six feet six inches fly, and six feet deep on the pike. The length of the pike, including the spear and ferrule, to be nine feet ten inches. The fringe, yellow; cords and tassels, blue and white silk inter mixed.-[Regs. 1863, ¶ 1466.]

CAMP COLORS.

2789. The stars and stripes, as described for garrison flags, printed upon bunting, eighteen by twenty inches, on a pole of ash, eight feet long, and one and one-eighth inches in diameter; the butt end of the pole armed with a pointed iron ferrule, screwed on with four wood screws. -[Regs. 1863, Ap. B, ¶ 8.]

STANDARDS AND GUIDONS OF MOUNTED REGIMENTS.

2790. Each regiment will have a silken standard, and each company a silken guidon. The standard to bear the arms of the United States, embroidered in silk, on a blue ground, with the number and name of the regiment in a scroll underneath the eagle.

The flag of the standard to be two feet five inches wide, and two feet three inches on the lance, and to be edged with yellow silk fringe. [Regs. 1863, ¶ 1468.]

2791. The names of battles in which regiments or batteries in the service of the United States have borne a meritorious part will be inscribed upon their colors or guidons.

Within the spirit of this regulation, battles are important engagements between independent armies in their own theatres of war, in contradistinction to conflicts in which but a small portion of the opposing forces are actually engaged-the latter being called, according to their nature, "affairs," "combats," " skirmishes," &c. A battle has for its object the determination of important questions of policy or strategy; an engagement may be partial, and yet, if it tend to these ends, it is also entitled to the dignity of being termed a battle.

The portion of a regiment which must be engaged in a battle to entitle the regiment to have inscribed upon its colors the name of the battle is that number of companies which by tactics and regulations is entitled as a battalion, habitually, to carry the colors of the regiment.

The inscriptions on the guidons of Artillery batteries are not to include the honors to which the regiment is entitled, but those won separately by detached mounted batteries.-[Regs. 1863, Ap. B, ¶ 11; G. O. 5, 1878.]

GUIDONS FOR CAVALRY.

2792. To be made of silk, with stars and stripes like the national flag; made swallow-tailed. Stars to be gilt, one and oneeighth inches in diameter from point to point.

The guidon to measure from the lance three feet five inches to the end, and fifteen inches to the fork of swallow tail, and two feet three inches on the lance.

The fork of the swallow tail to be equidistant from the top and bottom of guidon.

The letter of the company to be embroidered in yellow silk, or painted on one of the white bars of the flag.

The lance to be one and one-fourth inches in diameter, and nine feet long, including spear and ferrule.

To have a water-proof case or cover to protect the guidon when furled.-[G. O. Q. M. Dept.]

ARTICLE LXXXVIII.

ARMS OF THE UNITED STATES.

2793. Arms.-Paleways of thirteen pieces, argent and gules; a chief, azure; the escutcheon on the breast of the American eagle displayed, proper, holding in his dexter talon an 'olive-branch, and