The officers, non-commissioned officers, and privates detailed for each army corps shall be examined by a board of Medical officers of the same as to their fitness. Such as are found to be not qualified shall be rejected, and others detailed in their stead.

There shall be allowed and furnished to each army corps twohorse ambulances, upon the following basis: Three to each regiment of Infantry of five hundred men or more; two to each regiment of Infantry of more than two hundred and less than five hundred men; and one to each regiment of Infantry of less than two hundred men; two to each regiment of Cavalry of five hundred men or more; and one to each regiment of Cavalry of less than five hundred men; one to each battery of Artillery, to which it shall be permanently attached; to the headquarters of each army corps, two such ambulances; and to each division train of ambulances two army wagons. Ambalances shall be allowed and furnished upon the same basis to divisions, brigades, and commands not attached to any army corps.

Each ambulance shall be provided with such number of stretchers and other appliances as shall be prescribed by the Surgeon General. Horse and mule litters may be adopted or authorized by the Secretary of War, in lieu of ambulances, when judged necessary, under such rules and regulations as may be prescribed by the Medical director of each ariny corps.

The Captain shall be the commander of all the ambulances, medicine and other wagons in the corps, under the immediate direction of the Medical director, or chief Medical officer, of the army corps to which the ambulance corps belongs. He shall pay special attention to the condition of the ambulances, wagons, horses, mules, harness, and other fixtures appertaining thereto, and see that they are at all times in readiness for service; that the officers and men of the ambulance corps are properly instructed in their duties, and that their duties are performed, and that the regulations which may. be prescribed by the Secretary of War, or the Surgeon General, for the government of the ambulance corps are strictly observed by those under his command. It shall be his duty to institute a drill in his corps, instructing his men in the most easy and expeditious manner of moving the sick and wounded, and to require in all cases that the sick and wounded shall be treated with gentleness and care, and that the ambulances and wagons are at all times provided with attendants, drivers, horses, mules, and whatever may be necessary for their efficiency; and it shall be his duty also to see that the ambulances are not used for any other purpose than that for which they are designed and ordered.

The 1st Lieutenant assigned to the ambulance corps for a division shall have complete control, under the Captain of his corps and the Medical director of the army corps, of all the ambulances, medicine and other wagons, horses, mules, and men in that portion of the ambulance corps. He shall be the Acting Assistant Quarter

master for that portion of the ambulance corps, and will receipt for and be responsible for all the property belonging to it, and be held responsible for any deficiency in anything appertaining thereto. He shall have a traveling Cavalry forge, a blacksmith, and a saddler, who shall be under his orders, to enable him to keep his train in order. He shall have authority to draw supplies from the Depot Quartermaster, upon requisitions approved by the Captain of his corps, the Medical director, and the commander of the army corps to which he is attached. It shall be his duty to exercise a constant supervision over his train in every particular, and keep it at all times ready for service.

The 2d Lieutenant shall have command of the portion of the ambulance corps for a brigade, and shall be under the immediate orders of the 1st Lieutenant, and he shall exercise a careful supervision over the Sergeants and privates assigned to the portion of the ambulance corps for his brigade; and it shall be the duty of the Sergeants to conduct the drills and inspections of the ambu lances, under his orders, of their respective regiments.

It shall be the duty of the Medical director, or chief Medical officer, of the army corps, previous to a march, and previous to and in time of action, or whenever it may be necessary to use the ambulances, to issue the proper orders to the Captain for the distribution and management of the same, for collecting the sick and wounded and conveying them to their destination. And it shall be the duty of the Captain faithfully and diligently to execute such orders.

The officers of the ambulance corps, including the Medical director, shall make such reports, from time to time, as may be required by the Secretary of War, the Surgeon General, the Medical Director of the Army, or the commanding officer of the army corps in which they may be serving; and all reports to higher authority than the commanding officer of the army corps shall be transmitted through the Medical director of the army to which such army corps belongs. The ambulances in the armies of the United States shall be used only for the transportation of the sick and wounded, and, in urgent cases only, for Medical supplies, and all persons shall be prohibited from using them, or requiring them to be used for any other purpose. It shall be the duty of the officers of the ambulance corps to report to the commander of the army corps any violation of the provisions of this paragraph, or any attempt to violate the same. And any officer who shall use an ambulance, or require it to be used, for any other purpose than as provided in this paragraph, shall, for the first offense, be publicly reprimanded by the commander of the army corps in which he may be serving, and for the second offense shall be dismissed from the service.

No person, except the proper Medical officers, or the officers, noncommissioned officers, and privates of the ambulance corps, or such persons as may be specially assigned, by competent military author

ity, to duty with the ambulance corps for the occasion, shall be permitted to take or accompany sick or wounded men to the rear, either on the march or upon the field of battle.

The officers, non-commissioned officers, and privates of the ambulance corps shall be designated by such uniform or in such manner as the Secretary of War shall deem proper. Officers and men may be relieved from service, and others detailed in the ambulance corps, subject to the examination provided in section 3 of this paragraph, in the discretion of the commanders of the armies in which they may be serving.

It shall be the duty of the commander of the army corps to transmit to the Adjutant General the names and rank of all officers and enlisted men detailed for service in its ambulance corps, stating the organizations from which they may have been detailed. When officers and men belonging to Volunteer organizations are detailed for such service, the Adjutant General shall, thereupon, notify the Governors of the several States in which such organizations were raised.

It shall be the duty of the commander of the army corps to report to the Adjutant General from time to time the conduct and behavior of the officers and enlisted men of the ambulance corps, and the Adjutant General shall forward copies of such reports, so far as they relate to officers and enlisted men of Volunteer organizations, to the Governors of the States in which such organizations were raised.

Nothing in these regulations shall be construed to diminish or impair the rightful authority of the commanders of armies, army corps, or separate detachments, over the Medical and other officers and the non-commissioned officers and privates of their respective commands.

1261. All ambulances for the transportation of the sick and wounded, before being issued, will be painted as prescribed by the specifications for ambulances approved by the Secretary of War October 31, 1877.

1262. The ambulance depot, to which the wounded are carried or directed for immediate treatment, is generally established at the most convenient building nearest the field of battle.—[Regs. 1863, ¶ 736.]

1263. The hospital and ambulance flags of the Army are as follows: For general hospitals, yellow bunting 9 by 5 feet, with the letter H, 24 inches long, of green bunting, in centre.

For post and field hospitals, yellow bunting 6 by 4 feet, with letter H, 24 inches long, of green bunting, in centre.

For ambulances and guidons to mark the way to field hospitals, yellow bunting 14 by 28 inches, with a border, 1 inch deep, of green.--[G. O. 9, 1864.]

MARCHES.

1264. The object of the movement and the nature of the ground determine the order of march, the kind of troops in each column, and the number of columns.-[Regs. 1863, ¶ 677.]

1265. The "general," sounded one hour before the time of marching, is the signal to strike tents, to load the wagons, and pack horses, and send them to the place of assembling.-[Regs. 1863, ¶ 681.]

1266. When the troops should form suddenly to meet the enemy, the signal" to arms" is sounded or the "long roll" is beaten. The troops after assembling on their company parades form rapidly in front of their camps. In the Cavalry, if the troops are to form mounted, the signal "to horse" will be sounded.—[Regs. 1863, ¶ 683; Auth. Cav. Tactics.]

1267. Batteries of Artillery and their caissons move with the corps to which they are attached; the field train and ambulances march at the rear of the column, and the baggage with the rear guard.-[Regs. 1863, ¶ 684.]

1268. Cavalry and Infantry do not march together, unless the proximity of the enemy makes it necessary.—[ Regs. 1863, ¶ 685.]

1269. In Cavalry marches, when distant from the enemy, each regiment, and, if possible, each squadron, forms a separate column, in order to keep up the same gait from front to rear, and to trot, when desirable, on good ground. In such cases, the Cavalry may leave camp later, and can give more rest to the horses, and more attention to the shoeing and harness. Horses are not bridled until the time to start. The officers and non-commissioned officers of Cavalry companies attend personally to the packs and girths.— [Regs. 1863, ¶¶ 686, 687.]

1270. When necessary, the orders specify the rations the men are to carry in their haversacks. The field officers and Captains make frequent inspections during the march; at halts they examine the knapsacks, valises, and haversacks, and throw away all articles not authorized.-[Regs. 1863, ¶ 687.]

1271. When it can be avoided, troops should not be assembled on high-roads or other places where they interrupt the communication.-[Regs. 1863, ¶ 6-8.]

1272. Generals of division and commanders of detached corps send a Staff officer to the rendezvous, in advance, to receive the troops, who, on arriving, take their place in the order of battle, and form in close column, unless otherwise ordered. Artillery, or trains halted on the roads, form in file on one side.-[Regs. 1863, ¶ 689.]

1273. The execution of marching orders must not be delayed. If the commander is not at the head of his troops when they are to march, the next in rank puts the column in motion.-[Regs. 1863, ¶ 690.]

1274. If possible, each column is preceded by a detachment of

pioneers to remove obstacles to the march, aided, when necessary, by Infantry. The detachment is divided into two sections; one stops to remove the first obstacle, the other moves on to the next.[Regs. 1863, ¶ 691.]

1275. In night marches, and at bad places on the line of march, when practicable, and at cross-roads, if necessary, intelligent noncommissioned officers are posted to show the way, and are relieved by successive details from the regiments as they come up.-[Regs. 1863, ¶ 692.]

1276. On the march no one shall fire a gun, or cry "halt" or "march," without orders.-[Regs. 1863, ¶ 693.]

1277. Soldiers are not to stop for water unless the commanding officer deems it necessary; the canteens should be filled before starting. [Regs. 1863, ¶ 694.]

1278. In night marches, the Sergeant Major of each regiment remains at the rear with a trumpeter or a drummer, to give notice when darkness or difficulty stops the march. In Cavalry, a trumpeter is placed in rear of each squadron, and the signal is repeated to the head of the regiment.-[Regs. 1863, ¶ 697.]

1279. The General and field officers frequently stop, or send officers to the rear, to see that the troops march in the prescribed order, and keep their distances. To quicken the march, the General warns the Colonels, and may order a signal to be sounded, which is repeated in all the regiments.-[Regs. 1863, ¶ 698.]

1280. In approaching a defile, the Colonels are warned; each regiment passes separately in column of fours in the order designated by the commanding officer, two battalions, when possible, marching abreast; on emerging from the defile, the battalions form line under the immediate direction of the General, the flank battalions being so posted as to prevent the enemy from passing between them and the entrance to the defile.-[Regs. 1863, ¶ 699; Tactics.] 1281. Halts to rest and re-form the troops are frequent during the day, depending on the object and length of the march. They are made in preference after the passage of defiles.-[Regs. 1863, ¶ 701.]

1282. Led horses of officers, and the horses of dismounted men, follow their regiments. The baggage wagons never march in the column. When the General orders the field train and ambulances to take place in the column, he designates the position they shall take.-[Regs. 1863, ¶ 704.]

1283. If two corps meet on the same road, they pass to the right, and both continue their march, if the road is wide enough; if it is not, the first in the order of battle takes the road, the other halts. [Regs. 1863, ¶ 705.]

1284. A corps in march must not be cut by another. If two corps meet at cross roads, that which arrives last halts if the other is in motion. A corps in march passes a corps at a halt, if it has precedence in the order of battle, or if the halted corps is not ready to move at once.-[Regs. 1863, ¶ 706.]