* That when the King's Answer to the four Is and Propositions of Peace was debated that house on the third instant, Fir Thomas Wroth spoke to this purpose : at Bedlam was appointed for mad-men, and ohet for Kings: that our kings of late had ied themselves as if they were fit for no ce but Bedlam: that his humble motion uld consist of 3 parts: 1. To secure the g, and keep him close in some inland tle with sure guards. 2. To draw up Ares of Impeachment against him. 3. To him by, and settle the kingdom without : He cared not what form of government y set up, so it were not by Kings and de. Then Commissary Ireton, seeming to speak the se of the Army, under the notion of y thousand godly men, who had ventured r lives to subdue their enemies, said after manner, 'The King had denied safety and tection to his people by denying the four s: that subjection to him was but in licu is protection to his people; this being ded, they might well deny any more subjeca to him, and settle the kingdom without :that it was now expected, after so long ience, they should shew their resolution, I not desert those valiant men who had ened for them, beyond all possibility of reat; and would never forsake the parliant, unless the parliament forsook them first.' After some more debate, General Cromwell brought up the rear: , giving an ample character of the our, good affections, and godliness of Army, argued, That it was now exted the parliament should govern and end the kingdom by their own power resolution, and not teach the people any ger to expect safety and government from obstinate man, whose heart God had hardd: that those men, who had defended the liament from so many dangers with the exce of their blood, would defend them herevith fidelity and courage against all opposi1. Teach them not by neglecting your own I the kingdom's safety, in which their own nvolved, to think themselves betrayed, and hereafter to the rage and malice of an ironcilable enemy, whom they have subdued your sake; and therefore are likely to find future government of them insupportable, I fuller of revenge than justice; lest despair ch them to seek their safety by some other ans than adhering to you who will not stick yourselves. And how destructive such a blution in them will be to you all, I tremble hink, and leave you to judge.'--Our aur adds, That Cromwell laid his hand upon sword at the latter end of his speech, which ing something of menace in it, was thought y prevalent with that house: and accord Clement Walker, esq. member for Wells, his History of Independency. See also d Clarendon's History, vol. v. p. 91, et seq. VOL. III. ingly we find by the Journals, That the first of the four Resolutions being carried in the affirmative by 141 voices against 92, the rest were passed without any division. The same writer imputes the concurrence of the lords in these Votes against the King, on the 15th, to a letter sent the day before to sir Thomas Fairfax, by order of the house of commons, requiring him to send a convenient number of foot to garrison Whitehall, and a party of horse to quarter in the Mews. After all this, the commons passed a Vote to give power to colonel Hammond and sir Wm. Constable, to require and injoin them to remove, from their attendance on the Person of the King, all such persons as they, in their judgments, had suspicion of to be prejudicial to the safety and security of his person, or to the discharge of that trust which was laid upon them; notwithstanding such persons were ap pointed to attend the King by order of both houses. The house also ordered, That it be referred to the Committee of the Revenue to consider what persons are fit and necessary to attend on the King's Person, and which way the expences might be conveniently retrenched. An Ordinance for taking away and utterly abolishing all the First Fruits and Tenths payable to the crown, and discharging all arrears due to it on that score, was put to the question, Whether to reject it or not? and carried in the negative, by 44 against 36. Declaration of the Army, of their Resolutions to adhere to the Commons in their Proceedings against the King; and to support the Peerage.] These vigorous Resolutions of the parliament against the King gave so great satisfaction to the Army, as to produce two Declarations from that body. The first was addressed to the "It is very true," says lord Clarendon, "that within few days after the King's withdrawing from Hampton-Court, and after it was known that he was in the Isle of Wight, there was a meeting of the General Officers of the Army at Windsor; where Cromwell and Ireton were present, to conclude what should be done with the King. For, though Cromwell was weary of the Agitators, and resolved to break their meetings, and though the parliament concurred in all he desired, yet his entire confidence was in the officers of the Army; who were they who swayed the Parliament and the Army itself, to bring what he intended to pass. At this conference, the preliminaries whereof were always fastings and prayers, made at the very Council by Cromwell or Ireton, or some other inspired person, as most of the officers were, it was resolved, That the King should be prosecuted for his life as a criminal person. The great approach they made towards this, was, their Declaration that they would make no more Addresses to the King, that by an inter-regnum they might feel the pulse of the people, and discover how they would submit to another form of government." History of the Rebellion, vol. v. p. 92. 3 H house of commons, and presented on the 11th security to the other, it hath been our earnest of this month by sir Hardress Waller, with desire, our great expectation, and our endesthis submissive Introduction, "That the Ge-vour, that we and others might be in a patent neral had commanded seven colonels of them, waiting for such an issue.-Now in the part with other officers of rank and quality, in the ment's last Address to the King, we find they name of the whole Army, to make their hum- have insisted only upon some few things, ble Addresses, and represent their Intentions essential to that interest of the kingdom which in writing, under the title of a Declaration; they have hitherto engaged for, as that, with with this reference, that it should either have out betraying the safety of the kingdom name or life, and be exposed to view, accord- themselves, and all that engaged with them in ing as it should receive approbation and direc- that cause; without denying that which God tion from the house of commons." The Offi- in the issue of this war hath borne such a text cers being withdrawn, the Paper by them de- mony unto, they could not go lower; livered in was read, intitled, A Declaration (those things granted) they have offered from his Excellency sir Tho. Fairfax and the treat for all the rest. Thus we account tit General Council of the Army, of their Resolu- great business of a Settlement to the kingdom tions to adhere to the Parliament in their Pro- and security to the public interest thereof, ceedings concerning the King;' and signified and with the king's concurrence, to be bring at the end, that it was resolved on nem. con. to so clear a trial, as that (upon the King's "Windsor, Jan. 9, 1647. nial of those things) we can see no furt "Notwithstanding the high violation of the hopes of settlement or security that way. An kingdom's rights and liberties, and the endea- therefore, understanding that, upon the co vours to swallow up the whole interest of the deration of that denial added to so many othe kingdom into the power and will of a King, the honourable house of commons, by ser which the present king's reign hath afforded; Votes upon the 3rd instant, have resolved we have observed that this parliament was, make no further Address or Application to through his necessities and against his declared King, nor receive any from him, nor to intentions to the contrary, called and put into either in others; we do freely and unan LNG a condition of vindicating the kingdom in those declare, for ourselves and the Army, The things; and bath yet acted with great tender- are resolved, through the grace of God, firms ness towards the king, (as to any thing of right to adhere to, join with, and stand by, the that might be in him, or duty towards him) as liament in the things voted, on Monday appears by the Protestation, Covenant, and concerning the King, and in what shall be many Declarations published by them: they ther necessary for prosecution thereof; have held forth a careful regard to the preserva- for the settling and securing of the parliamen tion of the King's Person and just rights, with and kingdom without the king, and ag and in the preservation and vindication of the him, or any other that shall hereafter part public interests and safety of the kingdom; and, with him.-By the Appointment of his Ex by the whole service of their actions, and their lency sir Tho. Fairfax and his Council of W manifold humble Addresses to him for the pre- Jo. Rushworth, Secretary." servation and settlement of all, they have, we conceive, abundantly demonstrated the reality and innocency of their intentions towards him: in all which we have still understood the sense and intention to be no other, than that the preservation of the King's Person and particular Rights should be so endeavoured as it might be consistent with, and not destructive to, those great and more obliging public interests of religion, and the rights, liberties, and safety of the kingdom; and not otherwise, And accordingly in the late Declarations and Papers that have occasionally passed from this Army, as to our Desires of settlement to the kingdom, we have expressed our real wishes, that if the king would, in things necessary and essential to the clearing, settling, and securing of those public interests, give his concurrence to put then past future dispute; then his rights should be considered and settled, so far as might be consistent with those superior interests of the public, and the security thereof for the future. And that by an address to the King, upon things so purely essential to those public ends, it might once more come to a clear trial, whether we could, with the preservation of the King's Persop and particular interests, have a This Declaration being read a second tim the commons voted their approbation ther ordered their Thanks to be returned to t General and the Army for it; and that the s be forthwith printed and published. The following Declaration was present to the house of lords by the same Officers th had attended the cominons with the fores "The General and his Council of We taking notice of some unworthy endeavos” “ asperse the integrity of their proceedings aiming at the overthrowing of Peerage, undermining of the rights and privileges of house of peers, do unanimously declare, The they hold themselves obliged, in justice of honour, to endeavour to preserve the Pee of this kingdom, with the just rights belong to the house of peers; and will really, in th places and calling, perform the same. as, in the first place, they look upon the rying on this great common cause, wher both houses of parliament stand enger. (which they hope no respects shall make them to desert) so shall they, to and in prosecute t of those public ends, be very careful to p serve and maintain the right and honour be longing to the places and persons of the Fers And England.-By the Appointment of his Exency sir Tho. Fairfax and his Council of r, Jo. Rushworth, Secretary." The Officers who presented this Declara, being called in, received the following wer: the two nations, which the lords would be always ready to use their best endeavours to pre serve. The Impeached Peers demand, and obtain, their Liberty.] Jan. 19. A Letter directed to the Speaker, from the earl of Lincoln and the other lords under restraint, except the lord Hunsdon, was read: Gentlemen; The lords receive, with great faction, this Declaration which you bave ented unto them, as the unanimous Enement of the Council of War: and they ecommanded me to return particular ks to the General and yourselves; and you they desire their thanks may be reed to the Council of War and the whole y. And they further have commanded to assure you, that as they have hazarded r lives and fortunes in the maintenance of true religion, the liberties of the kingdom, It was then ordered that these six Lords, privileges of parliament, according to their that have subscribed this Letter, shall have er engagements, and for procuring a just their liberty from the restraint they lie under, safe peace to this distracted and distressed in the custody of the gentleman-usher of the dom, so they shall still pursue those ends, black rod attending that house; and it was rea which no respects whatsoever shall ci- ferred to a committee to consider of some Dealienate their hearts or lessen their endea-claration, to be entered in the Journal Book, s."-After which it was ordered by the s, That this Declaration, with the Answer should be printed and published. "My lords; After so long a restraint, by your lordships order, and no prosecution against us, we may expect, from your justice, our liberties; the which we shall enjoy with the more satisfaction, as it will appear a right to your lordships quality, as well as a freedoin to the present condition of Your, &c. Berkeley, Willoughby, Maynard, Lincoln, Suffolk, Middlesex. Jan. 19." The Scots Commissioners take Leave of the s.] Jan. 17. A Letter from the Scots missioners in London, dated this day, died to the Speaker of the house of peers, read, to this effect: That having been here several years, em- pon this Letter the lords appointed a com- concerning the commitment of peers of this realm upon Impeachments. The lord Huusdon was also released the next day, on his application, by letter, to the house. Jan. 28. The commons sent up a Message to impeach Francis lord Willoughby of Parham, and sir John Maynard, knight of the Bath, of High Treason and other high crimes and misdemeanors, and exhibited Articles of Impeachment at the same time against them both. Here follows an hiatus, marked by asterisms in the Journals; and, by a note of reference, the editor tells us, That in the margin of the original, where several Entries are erased, is wrote 'Obliterated by Order of March 2, 1659.' To which time we refer for a further explana tion. Jan. 29. The Scots Commissioners having now left London, and gone into their own country, both houses thought proper to send some commissioners of their own after them; in order, as may be supposed, to take off any sinister impressions or misrepresentations that might be made to the Scots parliament by the former; and so prevent a rupture, at this critical conjuncture, between the two nations. The Commons send up Articles of Impeachment against the seven Lords lately set at Liberty.] Jan. 31. The commons sent up to the lords Articles of Impeachment against the earls of Lincoln and Suffolk, with the rest of the seven Lords formerly impeached by them of High Treason, for levying war against the king, parliament, and kingdom; and desired that such further proceedings might be had thereupon as to justice and the course of parliament did appertain, and then the commons would be ready with their Evidence to support the said Charge. Articles of Impeachment Maynard, one of the 11 charged by the Army.] against sir John Members formerly February 1. The separate Articles against the seven impeached Lords were read, though not as yet entered in the Journals; but those against sir John Maynard being also read, are inserted: viz. ARTICLES OF IMPEACHMENT of the Commons in Parliament assembled, against sir John Maynard, Knight of the Bath, whereby he stands charged of High Treason, and other high Crimes and Misdemeanors. I. "That the said sir John Maynard hath, maliciously and traiterously, endeavoured, combined, and conspired to subvert the freedom of parliament. Il. That, upon the 30th of July last, and divers days before and since, he, the said sir John, at the Guildhall, and other places within the cities of London and Westminster, and county of Middlesex, hath, maliciously and traiterously, plotted and endeavoured to raise and levy war; and accordingly, then and there, hath, maliciously and traiterously, raised and levied war against the parliament, king, and kingdom. III. That whereas, on the 26th of July last past, a great company of Reformado officers, soldiers, apprentices, and other dissolute and desperate persons, (many whereof have been in arms against the parliament) being tumultuously assembled at Westminster-Hall, and parts adjacent, within the city of Westminster and liberties thereof, did, by a most horrid force and violence, possess themselves of the doors and passages of the houses of parliament in Westminster aforesaid, (the members of the said houses then sitting in parliament) and did then and there, contrary to the honour and freedom of parliament, threaten, and, for divers hours, imprison, the said members so sitting in parliament; and, by the said menacing imprisonment, and violence, did force the said houses to pass an Ordinance of parliament, for the reyoking and making void an Ordinance made the 23d of July abovesaid, concerning the Militia of London, and for the constituting of sir John Gayer, knt. Tho. Adams, James Bunce, Aldermen, and others, citizens of the city of London, a committee of the Militia of the said city, and parts adjacent within the lines of communication: and did likewise, then and there, forcibly enter into the said houses of parliament and forced the members of the said houses to pass such Votes as they, the said tumultuous persons, then and there required; and did then and there violently assault the persons of the Speakers, and divers members of both houses then attending on the parliament; and, by their violent menacings and assaults, did force the said Speakers, and divers members, from their attendance in parliament. And whereas sir Tho. Fairfax, knt, and the Army under his command, was formerly, by both houses of parliament, raised and maintained, and is still continued, for the safety and defence of the parliament and the kingdom; and the said sir Tho. Fairfax and the said Army, hearing of the said horrid force and violence offered to the said houses of parliament as afosesaid,did march towards the cities of London and Westminster to suppress the said tumults, and to restore the said houses of parliament, and the members thereof, to their just freedom, safety, and honour; and to secure the said houses of parliament from the like violence and traiterous attempts for the future, he, the said sir J. Maynard, knowing of the said horrid force and violence, and that the said Ordinance, for the Militia of London, so by force obtained as aforesaid, was void and null, and that the said sir Tho. Fairfax, and the Army under his com mand, were marching towards the cities of London and Westminster, for the intents and purposes aforesaid, he, the said sir John Maynard, for the better advancing of his traiterous purposes, designs, and actions as aforesaid, did, on the 30th of July aforesaid, and divers days since, with Denzill Hollis, and Walter Long, esqrs. Francis lord Willoughby of Parham, col. Edw. Massey, col. Sydenham Pointz, and divers others, meet at the Guildhall aforesaid, and other places within the cities of Londen and Westminster, and county of Middlesex; and did, then and there, sit with, and traite rously consult, abet, and maintain the said sr John Gayer, alderman James Bunce, and others of the said pretended Militia, in putting in execution the said pretended Ordinance fr the said pretended Militia of London, so by force obtained as aforesaid; and, together with the said Denzil Hollis, Walter Long, Francis lord Willoughby of Parham, sir John Gayer, alderman James Bunce, and others, did traite rously and maliciously plot, contrive, and order the raising of another Army to embroil the kingdom in a new and bloody war; and dd, traiterously and maliciously, at the time and place, and with the persons aforesaid, plot, contrive, and order the levying, raising, listing, arming and arraying several forces, both horse and foot, for the maintenance of the said new and bloody war against the king, par liament, and kingdom, and to ruin and destroy the said Army under the command of the sad sir Tho. Fairfax, raised for the defence of the parliament and kingdom as aforesaid, and ta prevent and hinder them from vindicating pe honour and safety of parliament as aforesaid and the said several forces, both of horse and foot as abovesaid, were listed, raised, arf levied accordingly; sundry of them ba been aiding and abetting to the abovesaid hor rid force and violence amongst the said s dicrs, officers, and tumultuous persons as aborte said, upon the said 26th of July last par, against the said houses of parliament as above said. IV. And, in further pursuance of the said traiterous purposes and designs, he the said sir John Maynard, knowing of the sta horrid force and violence, did, together w the said Denzil Hollis, Walter Long, and Fra cis lord Willoughby of Parham, on the 30 of July aforesaid, at the Guildhall, and other places aforesaid, traiterously order and appo the Reformado officers, which, by former Ort nance of parliament, were commanded to de part forth of the lines of communication, to rendezvous in a certain place in Westminster, and liberties thereof, commonly called St. James's Fields, to be listed, and put into a regimental way; to the intent to be arrayed, armed, and employed for the destruction of the Army under the command of sir Tho. Fairfax, and all such as did adhere to them, and did, then and there, traiterously order, direct, and cause to be raised and levied 18 regiments of the Trained Bands of the cities of London and Westminster, and the Auxiliary Bands, and all other forces of the said cities, and the saiors, watermen, and seamen within or near the river Thames, to be mustered, arrayed, armed, and put into a warlike posture, to be employed n the said war, traiterously contrived, levied, and raised by him, the said sir John Maynard, and the persons abovenamed, against the king, parliament, and kingdom, and the said army of the parliament, under the command of sir Tho. Fairfax. V. That, on the said 30th of uly last, he the said sir John Maynard, at the Guildhall aforesaid, together with the said Denzil Hollis, Walter Long, esqrs. Francis lord Villoughby of Parham, and others, in pursunce of his said traiterous plots and contriances, did traiterously order, command, and ppoint the raising, seizing, and listing of all orses, geldings, and mares within the cities f London and Westminster, and lines of comunication, and ten miles distant, to be emloyed in the said new and bloody war, so as foresaid traiterously raised and levied by him, d the persons in this Article afore-mentioned, rainst the king, parliament, and kingdom. 1. The said sir John Maynard, with other the ersons aforenamed, at the Guildhall aforeud, upon the 3rd of August last, and divers ys before and since, did traiterously order d command the officers of the Ordnance ithin the Tower of London, to issue 400 baris of powder, and 4000 muskets and other ms, ammunition, and provisions for war, rmerly provided by the said houses of parliaent for the defence of the kingdom, and to rish the said army of the parliament under e command of sir Tho. Fairfax, and the vy at sea appointed for the safety and dence of the kingdom, to be employed and used r the arming and arraying of the said Reforado officers and soldiers, raised and listed as oresaid for the maintenance of the said new id bloody war, so as aforesaid traiterously otted, contrived, and fomented by him and e persons aforesaid, and to be employed for the struction of the said parliament's Army unr the command of sir Tho. Fairfax, and the bjects of the kingdom adhering to, and ining with, the said army of the king, parliaent, and kingdom. VII. That whereas sir hn Maynard, with others afore-named, in rsuance of their said traiterous and malicious signs to embroil the kingdom in a new and oody war, and to fight against the parliament's rmy, then marching up towards London, for e purposes before recited, did, at the time and place abovesaid, cause a Declaration, (framed by some person within the city of London, containing matter of reproach and scandal of the Army doing their duty in the service of the parliament; and reflecting on the authority and freedom of parliament in several of their Ordinances, lawfully and duly passed; and abetting the engagement declared against by the said houses of parliament the 23d of July then instant, as a traiterous and seditious design of divers ill-affected persons in and about London, and parts adjacent; and to bring in the King, without security and satisfaction first given to both kingdoins, as was insisted on by the parliaments of both kingdoms; and tending to engage the rest of the kingdom with then in the said war against the parliament and Army) to be published in all or most of the churches and chapels within London and lines of communication, in or upon the 1st of August last past.-By all which designs, endeavours, and actions, he, the said sir John Maynard, hath traiterously laboured to ruin and destroy the king, parliament and kingdom; for all which they do impeach him of High Treason against the king, his crown and dignity. And the said commons, by protestation, saving to themselves a liberty of exhibiting, at any time hereafter, any further Accusation or Impeachment against the said sir John Maynard, and also of replying to the Answers that the said sir John Maynard shall make to the said Articles, or to any of them, and of offering further proof of the premises, or any of them, or of any other Impeachment or Accusation that shall be exhibited by them, as the cause shall, according to the course of parliament, require, do pray that the said sir John Maynard may be put to answer all and every of the premises; and that such proceedings, examinations, trial, and judgment may be upon every of them had and used, as is agree able to law and justice." The Lords take into Consideration the Articles of Impeachment against the seven Peers.] Feb. 2. The lords took into consideration the Articles of Impeachment against the seven Lords, of High Treason, and high crimes and misdemeanors, brought from the commons; and it was moved that it might be considered, Whether the releasing of the said Lords, and giving them their liberty on the 19th Jan. last, be not a discharging and acquitting them of the general accusation of High Treason; and whether the releasing of their persons be a discharging of that accusation? Then the general Accusation of the 8th Sept. last was read, and the Order for their commitment, with the several Messages sent to the house of commons concerning them. (see p. 782): And the question being put, Whether, upon what hath been now read, the general Impeachment against the Seven Lords is dismissed? it was resolved in the negative.-Next, it was taken into consideration, Whether, in the particular Articles against the Seven Lords, there be not a contrariety in the averment of the house of |